Araştırma Makalesi
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Covid-19 Pandemisine Verilen Tepkiler Siyasi Tutuma Göre Farklılaşıyor mu?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 490 - 516, 15.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.1302054

Öz

Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan koronavirüs pandemisinin siyasi tutumlarla ilişkisini öğrenmek ve siyasetin kriz durumlarında halkın tutum ve davranışlarını yönlendirip yönlendirmediğini öğrenmek amacıyla 767 kişiyle çevrimiçi anket yapılmıştır. Yapılan nicel araştırma sonucunda, alınan önleyici tedbirlere uymanın, bu tedbirlerin yerinde oluşuna/haklılığına olan tutumun, aşı olma niyetinin ve aşının koruyuculuğuna olan inancın siyasi görüşlere göre farklılaştığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca katılımcıların yapılan Covid-19 açıklamaları bakımından siyasi partilerine, parti temsilcilerinden daha çok güvendikleri, alınan önlem ve tedbirleri kısmen yerinde/haklı buldukları ve çok büyük çoğunluğun bu önlemlere uyduğu görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda virüsün kökenine yönelik inançlar bakımından virüsün gerçek olduğuna inanıldığı, ortaya çıkış nedeni bakımından ise ülkelerin ekonomilerini kötüleştirmek ve dünya nüfusunu azaltmak için ortaya çıktığına inanıldığı görülmüştür. Araştırmadan çıkan bir başka sonuç ise katılımcıların televizyon, dergi ve gazetelerin ideolojik nedenlerle ve siyasi yanlılıklarına bağlı olarak virüs haberlerini halka farklı yansıttığını düşündükleridir. Sosyal medyadaki haberlerin ise yanıltıcı, yanlış olduğu görüşündelerdir. Bu çalışma sonucunda salgın hastalık, afet, savaş, ekonomik krizler gibi olağanüstü durumlarda siyasetin, siyasi görüşlerin dikkate alınmasının hem krizin üstesinden gelmede hem de toplumun tüm üyelerini kapsamada önemli bir rol oynayacağı vurgulanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Adolph, Christopher-Amano, Kenya-Bang-Jensen-Bree, Fullman-Nancy-Wilkerson, John. Pandemic politics: Timing state-level social distancing responses to COVID 19, Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 46/2, 211-233, 2021. doi: 10.1215/03616878-8802162
  • Altar Yavuz, Oya. Covid-19 Pandemisinin Change.Org’da Başlatılan Dijital İmza Kampanyalarına Yansıması. Communication and Technology Congress – CTC 2021, 12-14 Nisan, İstanbul
  • Altiparmakis, Argyrios-Bojar, Abel-Brouard, Sylvain-Foucault, Martial-Kriesi, Hanspeter- Nadeau, Richard. Pandemic politics: policy evaluations of government responses to COVID-19, West European Politics, 44/5-6, 1159-1179, 2021. doi: 10.1080/01402382.2021.1930754
  • Ansell, Ben-Cansunar, Aslı-Elkjaer, Mads Adreas. Social distancing, politics and wealth, West European Politics, 44/5-6, 1283-1313, 2021. doi: 10.1080/01402382.2021.1917154
  • Arpacı, İbrahim-Karataş, Kasım-Baloğlu, Mustafa. The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Personality and Individual Differences, 164, 110108, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110108
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  • Barrios, John M.-Hochberg, Yael. Risk perception through the lens of politics in the time of the covid-19 pandemic (No. w27008). National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper Series, 2020. doi: 10.3386/w27008
  • Basu, Aman-Roy, Ajishnu-Hazra, Amit Kumar-Pramanick, Kousik. Analysis of Youths’ Perspective in India On and During the Pandemic of COVID‐19. Social Science Quarterly, 101/5, 1969-1978, 2020. doi: 10.1111/ssqu.12839
  • Başaran Lotz, Neslişah Leman. Covid-19, Kapitalizm ve Devletin Düzenleyici Rolü. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(Özel Sayı), 116-135, 2021
  • Boschele, Marco. Küreselleşme Paradigması ve COVID 19 Krizinde Medya Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 16/31, 4430-4444, 2020.
  • Boyd, Kenneth. Beyond politics: additional factors underlying skepticism of a COVID-19 vaccine, History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 43/12, 1-4, 2021. doi: 10.1007/ s40656-021-00369-8
  • Charles, Grace-Jain, Mokshada-Caplan, Yael-Kemp, Hannah-Keisler, Aysha-Sgaier, Sema. Increasing Uptake of Social Distancing during COVID-19: Behavioral Drivers and Barriers among US Population Segments. 2020. SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3602166.
  • Davies, Sara E.-Wenham, Clare. Why the COVID-19 response needs International Relations, International Affairs, 96/5, 1227-1251, 2020. doi: 10.1093/ia/iiaa135
  • Dohle, Simon-Wingen, Tobias-Schreiber, Mike. Acceptance and adoption of protective measures during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of trust in politics and trust in science, Social Psychological Bulletin, 15/4, 1-23, 2020. doi: 10.32872/spb.4315
  • El-Far Cardo, Aida-Kraus, Thomas-Kaifie, Andrea. Factors That Shape People’s Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany—The Influence of MEDIA, Politics and Personal Characteristics, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18/15, 7772, 2021. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18157772
  • Eroler, E. G. Türkiye’de koronavirüs pandemisi döneminde militarizm, milliyetçilik ve toplumsal cinsiyet: gazetelere ilişkin bir militarist söylem analizi. Moment Dergi, 8/1, 246-268, 2021. doi: 10.17572/mj2021.1.246268
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Do Reactions to Covid-19 Pandemic Differ According to Political Attitudes

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 490 - 516, 15.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.1302054

Öz

An online survey was conducted with 767 people in order to learn the relationship of the coronavirus pandemic, which has affected the whole world, with political attitudes and to find out whether politics directs the attitudes and behaviors of the people in crisis situations. As a result of the quantitative research, it was found that compliance with the preventive measures, the attitude towards the appropriateness of these measures, the intention to be vaccinated and the belief in the protection of the vaccine differ according to political views. In addition, it has been seen that the participants trust their political parties more than the party representatives in terms of the Covid-19 statements made, they find the measures and measures taken partially appropriate/justified, and the vast majority comply with these measures. As a result of the research, it was seen that the virus was believed to be real in terms of beliefs about the origin of the virus, and it was believed that it emerged to worsen the economies of the countries and reduce the world population in terms of the reason for its emergence. Another result of the research is that the participants think that television, magazines and newspapers reflect the virus news differently to the public due to ideological reasons and political biases. They think that the news on social media is misleading and wrong. As a result of this study, it is emphasized that considering politics and political views in extraordinary situations such as epidemics, disasters, wars, and economic crises will play an important role both in overcoming the crisis and in covering all members of the society.

Kaynakça

  • Adolph, Christopher-Amano, Kenya-Bang-Jensen-Bree, Fullman-Nancy-Wilkerson, John. Pandemic politics: Timing state-level social distancing responses to COVID 19, Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 46/2, 211-233, 2021. doi: 10.1215/03616878-8802162
  • Altar Yavuz, Oya. Covid-19 Pandemisinin Change.Org’da Başlatılan Dijital İmza Kampanyalarına Yansıması. Communication and Technology Congress – CTC 2021, 12-14 Nisan, İstanbul
  • Altiparmakis, Argyrios-Bojar, Abel-Brouard, Sylvain-Foucault, Martial-Kriesi, Hanspeter- Nadeau, Richard. Pandemic politics: policy evaluations of government responses to COVID-19, West European Politics, 44/5-6, 1159-1179, 2021. doi: 10.1080/01402382.2021.1930754
  • Ansell, Ben-Cansunar, Aslı-Elkjaer, Mads Adreas. Social distancing, politics and wealth, West European Politics, 44/5-6, 1283-1313, 2021. doi: 10.1080/01402382.2021.1917154
  • Arpacı, İbrahim-Karataş, Kasım-Baloğlu, Mustafa. The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Personality and Individual Differences, 164, 110108, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110108
  • Aslan, Seyfettin. Covid-19 Salgınının Küreselleşmeye ve Ulus Devletlere Etkisi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20/80, 1735-1752, 2021.
  • Babacan, Abdurrahman. COVID-19 Sonrası Dönem ve Türkiye’de Yeni Kurumsal Siyaset. 2020. https://www.tuba.gov.tr/files/yayinlar/bilim-ve-dusun/TUBA-978-605-2249-46-8_Ch19.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Babahanoğlu, Veysel-Örselli, Erhan. Küresel Jeopolitik 21. Yüzyılda Dönüşen Dünya Değişen Türkiye, 1.Baskı, Bursa: Dora Yayıncılık, 2022. Baccini, Leonardo-Brodeur, Abel. Explaining governors’ response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, American Politics Research, 49/2, 215-220, 2021. doi: 10.1177/1532673X20973453
  • Barrios, John M.-Hochberg, Yael. Risk perception through the lens of politics in the time of the covid-19 pandemic (No. w27008). National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper Series, 2020. doi: 10.3386/w27008
  • Basu, Aman-Roy, Ajishnu-Hazra, Amit Kumar-Pramanick, Kousik. Analysis of Youths’ Perspective in India On and During the Pandemic of COVID‐19. Social Science Quarterly, 101/5, 1969-1978, 2020. doi: 10.1111/ssqu.12839
  • Başaran Lotz, Neslişah Leman. Covid-19, Kapitalizm ve Devletin Düzenleyici Rolü. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(Özel Sayı), 116-135, 2021
  • Boschele, Marco. Küreselleşme Paradigması ve COVID 19 Krizinde Medya Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 16/31, 4430-4444, 2020.
  • Boyd, Kenneth. Beyond politics: additional factors underlying skepticism of a COVID-19 vaccine, History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 43/12, 1-4, 2021. doi: 10.1007/ s40656-021-00369-8
  • Charles, Grace-Jain, Mokshada-Caplan, Yael-Kemp, Hannah-Keisler, Aysha-Sgaier, Sema. Increasing Uptake of Social Distancing during COVID-19: Behavioral Drivers and Barriers among US Population Segments. 2020. SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3602166.
  • Davies, Sara E.-Wenham, Clare. Why the COVID-19 response needs International Relations, International Affairs, 96/5, 1227-1251, 2020. doi: 10.1093/ia/iiaa135
  • Dohle, Simon-Wingen, Tobias-Schreiber, Mike. Acceptance and adoption of protective measures during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of trust in politics and trust in science, Social Psychological Bulletin, 15/4, 1-23, 2020. doi: 10.32872/spb.4315
  • El-Far Cardo, Aida-Kraus, Thomas-Kaifie, Andrea. Factors That Shape People’s Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany—The Influence of MEDIA, Politics and Personal Characteristics, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18/15, 7772, 2021. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18157772
  • Eroler, E. G. Türkiye’de koronavirüs pandemisi döneminde militarizm, milliyetçilik ve toplumsal cinsiyet: gazetelere ilişkin bir militarist söylem analizi. Moment Dergi, 8/1, 246-268, 2021. doi: 10.17572/mj2021.1.246268
  • Feldwisch-Drentrup, Hinnerk. ‘How WHO became China’s coronavirus accomplice’, Foreign Policy, 2 April 2020, https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/02/china-coronavirus-who-health-soft-power/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Figus, Alessandro. Coronavirus COVID-19, a complex issue between health, economy, politics, and communication. Geopolitical, Social Security and Freedom Journal, 3/1, 1-13, 2020.
  • Green, Ted Van-Tyson, Alec. 5 facts about partisan reactions to COVID-19 in the U.S. Pew Research Center. 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/02/5-facts-aboutpartisan-reactions-to-covid-19-in-the-u-s/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Greer, Scott L.-King, Elizabeth-da Fonseca, Elize-Peralta-Santos, Andre. Coronavirus politics: The comparative politics and policy of COVID-19, Peralta-Santos, A. (Ed.), University of Michigan Press, 2021. ISBN: 9780472038626
  • Greer, Scott L.-King, Elizabeth J.-da Fonseca, Elize Massard-Peralta-Santos, Andre. The comparative politics of COVID-19: The need to understand government responses, Global Public Health, 15/9, 1413-1416, 2020. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2020.1783340 Grossmann, Matt-Reckhow, Sarah-Strunk, Katherine O.-Turner, Meg. All states close but red districts reopen: The politics of in-person schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic. Educational Researcher, 50/9, 637-648, 2021. doi: 10.3102/0013189X2110 48840
  • Güner, Hatice Rahmet-Hasanoğlu, İmran-Aktaş, Firdevs. COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community. Turkish Journal of medical sciences, 50/SI-1, 571-577, 2020.
  • Güngörer, Fatma. Covid-19'un Toplumsal Kurumlara Etkisi. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Salgın Hastalıklar Özel Sayısı, 393-428, 2020
  • Hamilton, Lawrence C.-Hartter, Joel-Saito, Kei. Trust in scientists on climate change and vaccines. SAGE Open, 5/3, 2015. doi: 10.1177/2158244015602752
  • Hannity, Sean. The ‘deep state’ may be using coronavirus to manipulate markets, suppress dissent and push mandated medicines, 2020. URL https://www.mediamatters.org/coronavirus-covid-19/sean-hannity-it-may-be-true-deepstate-using-coronavirus-manipulate-markets adresinden erişildi.
  • Harvey, David. Anti-capitalist politics in the time of COVID-19, Jacobin Magazine, 20. 2020. https://jacobinmag.com/2020/03/david-harvey-coronavirus-political-economy-disruptions adresinden erişildi.
  • Henson, Spencer-Kambhampati, Uma-Mogues, Tewodaj-Olsen, Wendy-Prowse, Martin-Ramos, Raul, ... & Yap, O. Fiona. The development impacts of COVID-19 at home and abroad: Politics and implications of government actions, The European Journal of Development Research, 32, 1339-1352, 2020. doi: 10.1057/s41287-020-00334-4
  • Herrera, Helios-Ordoñez, Guillermo-Konradt, Maksimilian-Trebesch, Christoph. Corona politics: The cost of mismanaging pandemics, PIER Working Paper, No. 20-033, 2020. doi: 10.2139/ ssrn.3690490 Hilhorst, Dorothea-Mena, Rodrigo. When Covid‐19 meets conflict: politics of the pandemic response in fragile and conflict‐affected states. Disasters, 45/51, 174-194, 2021. doi: 10.1111/disa.12514
  • Huang, Vincent-Sutermaster, Staci-Caplan, Yael-Kemp, Hannah-Schmutz, Danielle- Sgaier, Sema K. Social distancing across vulnerability, race, politics, and employment: How different Americans changed behaviors before and after major COVID-19 policy announcements. MedRxiv, 2020. doi: 10.1101/2020.06.04.20119131
  • Ittefaq, Muhammad-Hussain, Syed Ali-Fatima, Maryam. COVID-19 and social-politics of medical misinformation on social media in Pakistan, Media Asia, 47/1-2, 75-80, 2020. doi: 10.1080/01296612.2020.1817264
  • Jaworsky, Bernadette Nadya-Qiaoan, Runya. The politics of blaming: The narrative battle between China and the US over COVID-19, Journal of Chinese Political Science, 26/2, 295-315, 2021. doi: 10.1007/s11366-020-09690-8
  • Ju, Youngkee-You, Myoungsoon. It's Politics, Isn't It? Investigating Direct and Indirect Influences of Political Orientation on Risk Perception of COVID‐19. Risk Analysis, 42/1, 2021. doi: 10.1111/risa.13801
  • Jurkowitz, Mark. Americans are following news about presidential candidates much less closely than COVID-19 news. Pew Research Center, 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/05/22/americans-are-following-news-about-presidential-candidates-much-less-closely-than-covid-19-news/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Karaca, Kayhan. Covid-19: AB İçin Stres Testi. EURO Politika Dergisi, 4/2, 69-78, 2020.
  • Karakaş, M. Covid-19 salgınının çok boyutlu sosyolojisi ve yeni normal meselesi. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, 40/1, 541-573, 2020
  • Kavanagh, Matthew M. & Singh, Renu. Democracy, capacity, and coercion in pandemic response: COVID-19 in comparative political perspective. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 45/6, 997-1012, 2020. doi: 10.1215/03616878-8641530
  • Liang, Leilei-Ren, Hui-Cao, Ruilin-Hu, Yueyang-Qin, Zeying-Li, Chuanen-Mei, Songli. The effect of COVID-19 on youth mental health, Psychiatric Quarterly 91/3, 841–852, 2020.
  • Lipscy, Philip Y. COVID-19 and the Politics of Crisis. International Organization, 74(S1), E98-E127, 2020. doi: 10.1017/S0020818320000375
  • Macar, Oya Dağlar-Asal, Uğur Yasin. Covid-19 ile Uluslararası İlişkileri Yeniden Düşünmek: Tarih, Ekonomi ve Siyaset Ekseninde Bir Değerlendirme. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(37), 222-239, 2020.
  • Mallery, Paul-George, Darren. SPSS for windows step by step (3rd ed.)., Allyn & Bacon, 2000.
  • McKee, Martin-Gugushvili, Alekxi-Koltai, Jonathan-Stuckler, David. Are populist leaders creating the conditions for the spread of COVID-19?. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 10/8, 511-515, 2021. doi. 10.34172/IJHPM.2020.124
  • Mukhtar, Sonia. Psychology and politics of COVID-19 misinfodemics: Why and how do people believe in misinfodemics?. International Sociology, 36/1, 111-123, 2021. doi: 10.1177/0268580920948807
  • Newport, Frank. The partisan gap in views of the coronavirus. Gallup. 2020. https://news.gallup.com/opinion/polling-matters/311087/partisan-gap-views-coronavirus.aspx adresinden erişildi.
  • Newton, Kenneth. Government communications, political trust and compliant social behaviour: the politics of Covid‐19 in Britain, The Political Quarterly, 91/3, 502-513, 2020. doi: 10.1111/1467-923X.12901
  • O’Keefe, Shannon Muller. One in three Americans would not get COVID-19 vaccine. Gallup. 2020. https://news.gallup.com/poll/317018/one-three-americans-not-covid-vaccine.aspx adresinden erişildi.
  • Özkılıçcı, Gökçe-Mamatoğlu, Nihal. Yeni Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Salgını: Tutumlar, Algılar ve Siyasi Lider Stili Tercihi. Alternatif Politika, 13/1, 208-246, 2021.
  • Pedersen, Mogens Jin-Favero, Nathan. Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: who are the present and future non-compliers?. Public Administration Review, 80/5, 805-814, 2020.
  • Petridou, Evangelia. Politics and administration in times of crisis: Explaining the Swedish response to the COVID‐19 crisis, European Policy Analysis, 6/2, 147-158, 2020. doi: 10.1002/epa2.1095
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  • Söyler, Mehtap-Tekindal, Mustafa Agah. Covid-19 Pandemisi, Siyasi Rejimler ve Liberal Demokrasi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 17 (Pandemi Özel Sayısı), 3832-3868, 2021.
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  • Şirvanlı, Turancan. COVID-19 Haberlerinde Siyasi Kutuplaşmanın Yansımaları: Hürriyet ve Gazete Pencere Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Selçuk İletişim, 14/2, 1005-1038, 2021.
  • Tabachnick, Barbara G.-Fidell, Linda S. (1996). Using multivariate statistics (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon
  • Tosun, Çiğdem. Covid-19 Salgını Sürecinde Siyasi Parti Liderlerinin Twitter Mesajlarının Analizi. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(6), 893-923, 2020.
  • Travaglino, G. A., & Moon, C. (2020). Explaining compliance with social distancing norms during the COVID-19 pandemic: the roles of cultural orientations, trust and self-conscious emotions in the US. Italy, and South Korea. PsyArXiv. doi: 10.31234/osf. io/8yn5b Wood, Stacy-Schulman, Kevin. Beyond Politics - Promoting Covid-19 Vaccination in the United States, 2021. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmms2033790 adresinden erişildi.
  • Yardım, Müşerref. Face Mask Between Social Contract and Freedoms in Covid-19's New Normal. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9 (Toplum & Siyaset Sayısı), 93-99, 2021.
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yıldırım Yıldırım 0000-0002-5851-7788

Zafer Akbaş 0000-0002-9974-5576

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 10 Ekim 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ekim 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldırım, Y., & Akbaş, Z. (2023). Covid-19 Pandemisine Verilen Tepkiler Siyasi Tutuma Göre Farklılaşıyor mu?. Akademik İncelemeler Dergisi, 18(2), 490-516. https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.1302054

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