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Kadınlarda kalsiyum ve kalsiyum emilimine yardımcı olan diğer besin öğeleri tüketiminin değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 42, 27 - 35, 28.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1003342

Öz

Beslenme durumu bireyin besin öğelerine olan fizyolojik gereksiniminin karşılanma düzeyini yansıtır. Besin öğelerinden olan kalsiyumun yeterli alımı tüm yaş gruplarındaki bireyler için önemlidir. Bununla birlikte kadınların fizyolojik yapıları gereği bu besin öğesini yeterli seviyede almaları daha fazla önem taşımaktadır. Kesitsel yöntem izlenerek yapılan bu çalışma İran’ın Erdebil ilinde yaşayan 18-30 yaş arasındaki 400 kadın üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların sosyo-ekonomik durumlarını ve beslenme alışkanlıklarını içeren veriler anket formu uygulanarak toplanmıştır. Besin tüketim durumunun saptanmasında “24 saat besin tüketimi yöntemi” kullanılmıştır. Tüketilen günlük enerji ve besin öğeleri, diyetle önerilen günlük alım (DRI) miktarlarına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiki analizinde SPSS 16.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Kentte yaşayan kadınların günlük aldıkları enerji ve protein miktarları kırsalda yaşayanlardan daha yüksek ve aralarındaki fark da istatistiki olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001), (p<0,05). Kentte ve kırsalda ortalama protein alımı DRI değerinin (46 g/gün) üzerinde bulunmuştur. Öte yandan kadınların enerji, magnezyum, çinko, kalsiyum alımları ise DRI değerinin altında saptanmıştır. Kentte ve kırsalda yaşayan kadınların kalsiyum alımları yönünden aralarındaki farklılık (p<0,001) ile lise mezunu kadınların ortalama kalsiyum alımları yönünden aralarındaki farklılık istatistiki olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Sonuç olarak bu çalışma hem kentte hem de kırsalda yaşayan kadınların kalsiyum alım miktarlarının önerilen değerlerden daha düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Ek olarak kırsalda yaşayan kadınlar kentte yaşayan kadınlara göre daha düşük miktarda kalsiyum alım değerine sahiptir ve bu fark anlamlıdır.

Kaynakça

  • Abdi, F., Atarodi Kashani, Z., Mirmiran, P., ve Esteki, T. (2015). Surveyin global and Iranian food consumption patterns: A review of the literature. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 5(2),159-167. http://journal.fums.ac.ir/article-1-677-en.pdf
  • Aksoy, M. (2020). Beslenme biyokimyası. Nobel Tıp Kitabevi .
  • Al-hosseini, M. K., Khoshgoo, M., Taghizadeh, R., Tanha, K., ve Shidfar, F. (2020). Investigating the level of nutritional literacy and its accompanying factors in seminary students of Qom City in 2019. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal, 14(1), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.29252/qums.14.1.21
  • Balk, E. M., Adam, G. P., Langberg, V. N., Earley, A., Clark, P., Ebeling, P., Mithal, A., Rizzoli, R., Zerbini, C. A. F., Pierroz, D. D., ve Dawson-Hughes, B. (2017). Global dietary calcium intake among adults: a systematic review. Osteporosis International, 28, 3315-3324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-017-4230-x
  • Bahadoran, Z., Mirmiran, P., Golzarand , M., Hosseini Esfehani, F., ve Azizi, F (2012). Fast food consumption in Iranian adults; dietary intake and xardiovascular risk factors: Tehran lipid and glucose Study. Archives of Iranian Medicine,15(6), 346-351. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22642243/
  • Baysal, A. (2017). Beslenme. Hatipoğlu Yayınevi.
  • Bıyıklı, E. T., Bıyıklı, A. E., ve Çelik, B. (2018). Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin enerji ve besin öğesi alımlarının değerlendirilmesi. Genel Tıp Dergisi, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.15321/GenelTipDer.2018.168
  • Djazayery, A., Siassi, F., ve Kholdi, N. (2010). Food behavour and consumption patterns in rural areas of Sirjan, Iran. 2. Factors affecting food consumption, energy and nutrition intakes and food beliefs. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 28(1-2), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.1992.9991264
  • Filip, R. S., ve Zagórski, J. (2001). Bone mineral density and osteoporosis in rural and urban women. Epidemiological study of the Lublin region (Eastern Poland). Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 8(2), 221-226. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11748880/
  • İran İstatistik Kurumu (2010). Ülkenin şehirlerinin nüfusunu tahmin etmek. Nüfus İstatistikleri, İşgücü ve Sayım Yayını. [Farsça] https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/Files/abstract/1389/n_baravord_sh89.pdf
  • Geng, C., Shaikh, A. S., Han, W., Chen, D., Guo, Y., ve Jiang, P. (2019). Vitamin D and depression: Mechanisms, determination and application. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 28(4), 689-694. https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.201912_28(4).0003
  • Hemmingway, A., O’Callaghan, K. M., Hennessy, Á., Hull, G. L. J., Cashman, K. D., ve Kiely, M. E. (2018). Interactions between Vitamin D status, calcium intake and parathyroid hormone concentrations in healthy white-skinned pregnant women at Northern Latitude. Nutrients, 10(7), 916. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10070916
  • Horwath, C., Parnell, W. R., Wilson, N. C. ve Russell D. G. (2001). Attaining optimal bone status: Lessons from the 1997 national nutrition survey. The New Zealand Medical Journal, 114(1128), 138-141. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11346163/
  • Hoseini, R., ve Hoseini, Z. (2019). Investigating nutritional literacy of male student athletes contributed in 2018 Iran university games. Journal of Health Literacy, 4(1), 53-59. https://https://doi.org/10.22038/jhl.2019.40251.1053
  • Li, K., Wang, X. F., Li, D. Y., Chen, Y. C., Zhao, L.J., Liu, X. G., Guo, Y. F., Shen, J., Lin, X., Deng, J., Zhour, R. ve Deng, H. W. (2018). The good, the bad, and the ugly of calcium supplementation: A review of calcium intake on human health. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 13, 2443-2452. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S157523
  • Jafari Giv, Z., Avan, A., Hamidi, F., Tayefi, M., Khayyatzadeh, S. S., Javandoost, A., Nematy, M., Ferns, G. A., ve Mobarhan, M. G. (2018). Nutrients intake, and serum calcium and phosphorus levels: An evidence-based study. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 32(2), e22235. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.22235
  • Kalanteri, N., ve Gaffarzade, M. (2008). Ülkenin hane halkı gıda tüketim sıklığı ve beslenme durumu çalışmaları için kapsamlı plan (Yılın ulusal raporu 2000-2008). Tarım Bakanlığı, Planlama ve Tarım Ekonomisi Çalışmaları Merkezi Yayını. [Farsça]
  • Nameti, A., Majidpoor, A., ve Saqgha, M. (2003). Dietary pattern among people of rural areas in Ardabil, 2000. Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, 3(2), 52-58. http://jarums.arums.ac.ir/article-1-533-en.html
  • Nemati, A., ve Naghizadeh Baghi, A. (2008). Assessment of nutritional status in post menopausal women of Ardebil, Iran. Journal of Biological Sciences, 8(1), 196-200. https://docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/jbs/2008/196-200.pdf
  • Najmabadi, Sh., ve Nojomi, M. (2010). Nutritional Supplement Use among adults in different Areas of West Tehran. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 12(4), 365-375. http://ijem.sbmu.ac.ir/article-1-822-en.html
  • Institute of Medicine. (1997). Dietary reference intakes for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/5776
  • Institute of Medicine. (2001). Dietary reference intakes for vitamim A, K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molibdenium, nickel, silicon, vanadium and zinc. National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/10026
  • Institute of Medicine (2011). Overview of calcium. Ross, A. C, Taylor, C. L., Yaktine, A.L., ve Del Valle, H. B. (Ed.) içinde, Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D (s. 35-75). National Academies Press. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56060/
  • Nadjarzadeh, A., Reshkouieh, Z., Helvayi, G., and Jaferi Nodoushan, R. (2016). Weight and nutritional intake status of carpet weavers in Yazd-1390. Journal of Occupational Medicine7(1), 63- 71. http://tkj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-323-en.pdf
  • Pekcan, G. (2018). Beslenme durumunun saptanması. A. Baysal (Ed.) içinde, Diyet El Kitabı (s. 67-141). Hatiboğlu Yayınları.
  • Prentice, A. (2007). Elsie Widdowson lecture 2006 mining the depths: Metabolic insights into mineral nutrition: Symposium on ‘Nutrition in early life: New horizons in a new century’. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 66(4), 512-521. doi:10.1017/S0029665107005836
  • Pugliese, M. T., Blumberg, D. L., Hludzinski. J., ve Kay, S. (1998). Nutritional rickets in suburbia. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 17(6), 637-641. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1998.10718814
  • Robinson, C. H., Mueller, H., ve Weigley, S. (2020). Robinson’s basic nutrition, N. Kholdi (Çev.). Cameeneger Yayınevi. [Farsça]
  • Sağır, G. Ş. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme durumlarının Akdeniz diyet kalite indeksi ile değerlendirilmesi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Gaziantep. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11782/1850
  • Sharifnia, F., Ghaffari, M., Ramezankhani, A., ve Rakhshanderou, S. (2020). Socio-demographic predictors of health literacy among the elderly: A correlational study. Salāmat-i Ijtimāī, 7(2), 116-126. http://doi.org/10.22037/ch.v7i2.22204
  • Suliburska, J., Bogdánski, P., Duda, G., Pupek-Musialik, D., Piątek, J., Żukiewicz-Sobczak, W., ve Krauss, H. (2012). An assessment of dietary intake and state of nutritional in hypertensive patients from rural and urban areas of Greater Poland. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 19(3), 339-343. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23020021/
  • Tisdale, A. K., Agrón, E., Sunshine, S. B., Clemons, T. E., Ferris III, F. L., Chew, E. Y., ve Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. (2019). Association of dietary and supplementary calcium intake with age-related macular degeneration. Age-related eye disease study report 39. JAMA Ophthalmology, 137(5), 543-550. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.0292
  • Trumbo, P., Schlicker, S., Yates, A. A., ve Poos, M. (2002). Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 102(11), 1621-1630. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90346-9
  • USA, Canadian Standard Food Analyze. (1998). The Food Processor III. https://esha.com/products/food-processor/[Bilgisayar yazılımı]
  • Wawrzyniak, N., ve Suliburska, J. (2021). Nutritional and health factors affecting the bioavailability of calcium: a narrative review. Nutrition Reviews, 79(12), 1307-1320. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa138
  • Weaver, C. M., ve Peacock, M. (2019). Calcium. Advances in Nutrition, 10(3), 546-548. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmy086
  • Weerasekara, P. C., Withanachch, C. R., Ginigaddara, G. A. S. , ve Ploeger, A. (2020). Food and nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among reproductive-age women in marginalized areas in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3985. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113985
  • Wrzosek, M., Woźniak, J., Kozioł-Kaczorek, D., ve Włodarek, D. (2019) The assessment of the supply of calcium and vitamin D in the diet of women regularly practicing sport. Journal of Osteoporosis, 9214926. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9214926

Evaluation of the consumption of calcium and calcium-absorbant nutritional elements in women

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 42, 27 - 35, 28.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1003342

Öz

Nutritional status reflects the level of satisfaction of a person’s physiological needs for nutrients. Adequate consumption of calcium, which is one of the nutrients, is important for individuals of all age groups. However, it is more important for women to take this nutrient at a sufficient level due to their physiological structure. The study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 400 women aged 18-30 years in Ardabil district, Iran. Data were collected using socio-economic and food habits questionnaires. “24-hour recall” was used to determine the food intake status. The daily energy and nutrients consumed were evaluated according to the dietary recommended intake (DRI). The obtained data were evaluated using the SPSS 16.0 statistical computer program. Results showed that the energy and protein intake in urban areas was higher than in rural areas, and these differences were significant respectively (p<0.001, p<0.05). The mean protein intake in urban and rural areas was above the DRI value (46 g/d). Energy, magnesium, zinc and calcium intakes were determined below the DRI value. The difference between women living in urban and rural areas in terms of calcium intake is significant (p<0.001). The difference between the average calcium intake of high school graduate women living in urban and rural areas is significant (p<0.001). This study showed that the amount of calcium intake of women living in urban and rural areas was lower than the recommendations. In addition, calcium intake in rural areas was less than in urban areas, and this difference was significant.

Kaynakça

  • Abdi, F., Atarodi Kashani, Z., Mirmiran, P., ve Esteki, T. (2015). Surveyin global and Iranian food consumption patterns: A review of the literature. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 5(2),159-167. http://journal.fums.ac.ir/article-1-677-en.pdf
  • Aksoy, M. (2020). Beslenme biyokimyası. Nobel Tıp Kitabevi .
  • Al-hosseini, M. K., Khoshgoo, M., Taghizadeh, R., Tanha, K., ve Shidfar, F. (2020). Investigating the level of nutritional literacy and its accompanying factors in seminary students of Qom City in 2019. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal, 14(1), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.29252/qums.14.1.21
  • Balk, E. M., Adam, G. P., Langberg, V. N., Earley, A., Clark, P., Ebeling, P., Mithal, A., Rizzoli, R., Zerbini, C. A. F., Pierroz, D. D., ve Dawson-Hughes, B. (2017). Global dietary calcium intake among adults: a systematic review. Osteporosis International, 28, 3315-3324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-017-4230-x
  • Bahadoran, Z., Mirmiran, P., Golzarand , M., Hosseini Esfehani, F., ve Azizi, F (2012). Fast food consumption in Iranian adults; dietary intake and xardiovascular risk factors: Tehran lipid and glucose Study. Archives of Iranian Medicine,15(6), 346-351. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22642243/
  • Baysal, A. (2017). Beslenme. Hatipoğlu Yayınevi.
  • Bıyıklı, E. T., Bıyıklı, A. E., ve Çelik, B. (2018). Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin enerji ve besin öğesi alımlarının değerlendirilmesi. Genel Tıp Dergisi, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.15321/GenelTipDer.2018.168
  • Djazayery, A., Siassi, F., ve Kholdi, N. (2010). Food behavour and consumption patterns in rural areas of Sirjan, Iran. 2. Factors affecting food consumption, energy and nutrition intakes and food beliefs. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 28(1-2), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.1992.9991264
  • Filip, R. S., ve Zagórski, J. (2001). Bone mineral density and osteoporosis in rural and urban women. Epidemiological study of the Lublin region (Eastern Poland). Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 8(2), 221-226. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11748880/
  • İran İstatistik Kurumu (2010). Ülkenin şehirlerinin nüfusunu tahmin etmek. Nüfus İstatistikleri, İşgücü ve Sayım Yayını. [Farsça] https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/Files/abstract/1389/n_baravord_sh89.pdf
  • Geng, C., Shaikh, A. S., Han, W., Chen, D., Guo, Y., ve Jiang, P. (2019). Vitamin D and depression: Mechanisms, determination and application. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 28(4), 689-694. https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.201912_28(4).0003
  • Hemmingway, A., O’Callaghan, K. M., Hennessy, Á., Hull, G. L. J., Cashman, K. D., ve Kiely, M. E. (2018). Interactions between Vitamin D status, calcium intake and parathyroid hormone concentrations in healthy white-skinned pregnant women at Northern Latitude. Nutrients, 10(7), 916. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10070916
  • Horwath, C., Parnell, W. R., Wilson, N. C. ve Russell D. G. (2001). Attaining optimal bone status: Lessons from the 1997 national nutrition survey. The New Zealand Medical Journal, 114(1128), 138-141. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11346163/
  • Hoseini, R., ve Hoseini, Z. (2019). Investigating nutritional literacy of male student athletes contributed in 2018 Iran university games. Journal of Health Literacy, 4(1), 53-59. https://https://doi.org/10.22038/jhl.2019.40251.1053
  • Li, K., Wang, X. F., Li, D. Y., Chen, Y. C., Zhao, L.J., Liu, X. G., Guo, Y. F., Shen, J., Lin, X., Deng, J., Zhour, R. ve Deng, H. W. (2018). The good, the bad, and the ugly of calcium supplementation: A review of calcium intake on human health. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 13, 2443-2452. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S157523
  • Jafari Giv, Z., Avan, A., Hamidi, F., Tayefi, M., Khayyatzadeh, S. S., Javandoost, A., Nematy, M., Ferns, G. A., ve Mobarhan, M. G. (2018). Nutrients intake, and serum calcium and phosphorus levels: An evidence-based study. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 32(2), e22235. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.22235
  • Kalanteri, N., ve Gaffarzade, M. (2008). Ülkenin hane halkı gıda tüketim sıklığı ve beslenme durumu çalışmaları için kapsamlı plan (Yılın ulusal raporu 2000-2008). Tarım Bakanlığı, Planlama ve Tarım Ekonomisi Çalışmaları Merkezi Yayını. [Farsça]
  • Nameti, A., Majidpoor, A., ve Saqgha, M. (2003). Dietary pattern among people of rural areas in Ardabil, 2000. Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, 3(2), 52-58. http://jarums.arums.ac.ir/article-1-533-en.html
  • Nemati, A., ve Naghizadeh Baghi, A. (2008). Assessment of nutritional status in post menopausal women of Ardebil, Iran. Journal of Biological Sciences, 8(1), 196-200. https://docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/jbs/2008/196-200.pdf
  • Najmabadi, Sh., ve Nojomi, M. (2010). Nutritional Supplement Use among adults in different Areas of West Tehran. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 12(4), 365-375. http://ijem.sbmu.ac.ir/article-1-822-en.html
  • Institute of Medicine. (1997). Dietary reference intakes for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/5776
  • Institute of Medicine. (2001). Dietary reference intakes for vitamim A, K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molibdenium, nickel, silicon, vanadium and zinc. National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/10026
  • Institute of Medicine (2011). Overview of calcium. Ross, A. C, Taylor, C. L., Yaktine, A.L., ve Del Valle, H. B. (Ed.) içinde, Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D (s. 35-75). National Academies Press. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56060/
  • Nadjarzadeh, A., Reshkouieh, Z., Helvayi, G., and Jaferi Nodoushan, R. (2016). Weight and nutritional intake status of carpet weavers in Yazd-1390. Journal of Occupational Medicine7(1), 63- 71. http://tkj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-323-en.pdf
  • Pekcan, G. (2018). Beslenme durumunun saptanması. A. Baysal (Ed.) içinde, Diyet El Kitabı (s. 67-141). Hatiboğlu Yayınları.
  • Prentice, A. (2007). Elsie Widdowson lecture 2006 mining the depths: Metabolic insights into mineral nutrition: Symposium on ‘Nutrition in early life: New horizons in a new century’. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 66(4), 512-521. doi:10.1017/S0029665107005836
  • Pugliese, M. T., Blumberg, D. L., Hludzinski. J., ve Kay, S. (1998). Nutritional rickets in suburbia. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 17(6), 637-641. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1998.10718814
  • Robinson, C. H., Mueller, H., ve Weigley, S. (2020). Robinson’s basic nutrition, N. Kholdi (Çev.). Cameeneger Yayınevi. [Farsça]
  • Sağır, G. Ş. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinin beslenme durumlarının Akdeniz diyet kalite indeksi ile değerlendirilmesi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Gaziantep. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11782/1850
  • Sharifnia, F., Ghaffari, M., Ramezankhani, A., ve Rakhshanderou, S. (2020). Socio-demographic predictors of health literacy among the elderly: A correlational study. Salāmat-i Ijtimāī, 7(2), 116-126. http://doi.org/10.22037/ch.v7i2.22204
  • Suliburska, J., Bogdánski, P., Duda, G., Pupek-Musialik, D., Piątek, J., Żukiewicz-Sobczak, W., ve Krauss, H. (2012). An assessment of dietary intake and state of nutritional in hypertensive patients from rural and urban areas of Greater Poland. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 19(3), 339-343. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23020021/
  • Tisdale, A. K., Agrón, E., Sunshine, S. B., Clemons, T. E., Ferris III, F. L., Chew, E. Y., ve Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. (2019). Association of dietary and supplementary calcium intake with age-related macular degeneration. Age-related eye disease study report 39. JAMA Ophthalmology, 137(5), 543-550. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.0292
  • Trumbo, P., Schlicker, S., Yates, A. A., ve Poos, M. (2002). Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 102(11), 1621-1630. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90346-9
  • USA, Canadian Standard Food Analyze. (1998). The Food Processor III. https://esha.com/products/food-processor/[Bilgisayar yazılımı]
  • Wawrzyniak, N., ve Suliburska, J. (2021). Nutritional and health factors affecting the bioavailability of calcium: a narrative review. Nutrition Reviews, 79(12), 1307-1320. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa138
  • Weaver, C. M., ve Peacock, M. (2019). Calcium. Advances in Nutrition, 10(3), 546-548. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmy086
  • Weerasekara, P. C., Withanachch, C. R., Ginigaddara, G. A. S. , ve Ploeger, A. (2020). Food and nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among reproductive-age women in marginalized areas in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3985. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113985
  • Wrzosek, M., Woźniak, J., Kozioł-Kaczorek, D., ve Włodarek, D. (2019) The assessment of the supply of calcium and vitamin D in the diet of women regularly practicing sport. Journal of Osteoporosis, 9214926. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9214926
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Wida Simzari 0000-0001-9705-0183

Halit Besler 0000-0002-6523-7995

Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-0302-8765

Yener Bektaş 0000-0002-4423-1519

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Ekim 2021
Kabul Tarihi 15 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 42

Kaynak Göster

APA Simzari, W., Besler, H., Saeidlou, S. N., Bektaş, Y. (2021). Kadınlarda kalsiyum ve kalsiyum emilimine yardımcı olan diğer besin öğeleri tüketiminin değerlendirilmesi. Antropoloji(42), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1003342

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