Eğitimde Yapay Zekâ Uygulamalarının Potansiyel Yararları ve Riskleri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 232 - 244, 16.04.2024

Mahmut Özer

https://doi.org/10.14686/buefad.1416087

Öz

Yapay zekâ (AI) teknolojileri hızla gelişmekte ve yaşamın tüm alanlarında köklü dönüşümlere yol açmaktadır. Özellikle, ChatGPT gibi generative AI sistemlerinin yaygınlaşması bu dönüşümü çok daha dramatik boyutlara taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda en kapsamlı etki eğitim sistemlerinde gerçekleşmektedir. Eğitim sistemleri bir taraftan, bu tip sistemlerin işgücü piyasasında yaygınlaşması ile mesleklerde yaşanan beceri değişikliklerine hızla cevap üreterek eğitimi yeniden yapılandırma zorunluluğuyla karşı karşıyadır. Diğer taraftan, bu sistemlerin eğitime dâhil edilip edilmeyeceği, edilecekse nasıl ve ne derece dâhil edileceği, AI sistemlerinin yol açacağı etik sorunlara nasıl cevap üretilebileceği gibi meydan okuyucu sorularla yüzleşmektedir. Bu çalışmada bu kapsamda AI sistemlerin eğitim sistemlerinde kullanılmasının potansiyel faydaları ve olası riskleri öğrenci, öğretmen ve eğitim yöneticileri açısından değerlendirilmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, AI sistemlerinin eğitimde nasıl kullanılabileceği olası potansiyelleri ve yol açabileceği riskler ele alınmaktadır. AI sistemlerinin sağlayacağı faydayı maksimum yaparken yol açacağı etik ve diğer sorunların etkilerini hafifletmeye yönelik politika önerileri geliştirilmektedir. Ayrıca, tüm eğitim paydaşları açısından AI okuryazarlığının artırılması, AI sistemlerinin sağlayacağı faydaları kadar yol açacağı etik ve diğer sorunların da farkındalığına yol açacağı ve böylece bu sistemlerin eğitimde faydalarını artırırken zararlarının hafifletilmesinin mümkün olabileceği vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

yapay zekâ, ChatGPT, etik, eğitim, AI okuryazarlığı, eğitim politikası

Potential Benefits and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Education

Öz

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies are rapidly advancing and causing profound transformations in all aspects of life. In particular, the widespread adoption of generative AI systems like ChatGPT is taking this transformation to even more dramatic dimensions. In this context, the most comprehensive impact is observed in educational systems. Educational systems, on one hand, are faced with the urgent need to rapidly restructure education in response to skill changes in professions caused by the proliferation of such systems in the labor market. On the other hand, challenging questions arise about whether and to what extent these systems should be integrated into education, how they should be integrated if at all, and how ethical issues arising from AI systems can be addressed. This study evaluates the potential benefits and possible risks of using AI systems in educational systems from the perspectives of students, teachers, and education administrators. Therefore, the study discusses the potential uses of AI systems in education, as well as the risks they may pose. Policy recommendations are developed to maximize the benefits of AI systems while mitigating the ethical and other issues they may cause. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of increasing AI literacy for all education stakeholders. It suggests that raising awareness of both the benefits and ethical issues caused by AI systems can contribute to enhancing the benefits of these systems in education while minimizing their potential harms.

Anahtar Kelimeler

artificial intelligence, ChatGPT, ethics, education, AI literacy, education policy

Kaynakça

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