Preharvest Applications of Alginate, Salicylic Acid and Oxalic Acid Have a Synergistic Effect on Quality and Storability of Red Globe Grape Variety (Vitis vinifera L.)

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 229 - 238, 28.12.2023

Erdinç Bal Demir Kök Ali İzzet Torçuk Gamze Uysal Seçkin

https://doi.org/10.33202/comuagri.1356580

Öz

This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effect of preharvest spraying with alginate and in combination with salicylic acid (SA) and oxalic acid (OA), on the quality parameters and storage life of ‘Red Globe’ grape variety at 0-1°C with 85-90% relative humidity for 60 days. Data of physical and chemical quality parameters were taken at 15-day intervals. The results have shown that alginate coatings delayed changes in weight loss, firmness and berry color compared to control. Grapes coated alginate enriched with oxalic acid and salicylic acid proved to the most effective applications in restricting stem browning and decay incidence. Moreover, these formulations improved the content of phenolic compounds, contributing to the high antioxidant potential of coated grapes. These findings reveal that preharvest sprayed clusters with alginate combined with SA and OA applications may have high potential for improving storage quality of commercial grape.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Table grape, preharvest application, edible coating, quality

Hasat Öncesi Dönemde Uygulanan Alginat, Salisilik asit ve Okzalik Asit Uygulamalarının Red Globe Üzüm Çeşidinde (Vitis vinifera L.) Kalite ve Muhafazası Üzerine Sinerjik Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, hasat öncesi dönemde alginat, alginatlı salisilik asit ve alginatlı okzalik asit uygulanmalarının Red Globe üzüm çeşidinin 0-1 °C ve % 85-90 oransal nemde 60 gün süre ile muhafaza edilebilme süresi ve kalite parametreleri üzerine olan sinerjik etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çeşide ait fiziksel ve kimyasal kalite parametre verileri 15 günlük süre ile ölçülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçları kontrol ile karşılaştırıldığında alginat ile kaplama işleminin üzüm çeşidinde ağırlık kaybı, meyve eti sertliği ve tane kabuk rengi değişimlerinde gecikmelere neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Üzüme uygulanacak alginatın okzalik asit ve salisilik asit ile zenginleştirilerek kaplanmasının, salkım iskeleti sararması ve çürüme durumunu sınırlamada en etkili uygulama olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca bu kombinasyonlar ile kaplanmış üzümlerde daha yüksek antioksidan potansiyelinin oluşmasına katkı sağlayan fenolik bileşiklerin miktarının artmasına neden olmuştur. Bu bulgular, hasat öncesi dönemde salkımlara salisilik asit ve okzalik asit ile kombine edilmiş alginat uygulamalarının, ticari üzümün muhafaza kalitesini iyileştirmede yüksek potansiyele sahip olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sofralık üzüm, hasat öncesi uygulama, yenilebilir kaplama, kalite

Kaynakça

• Anonymus, 2021. Production and trade statistics. http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/ess-trade/en/ (access date: 06.06.2023).
• Asgarian, Z.S., Karimi, R., Ghabooli, M., Maleki, M., 2021. Biochemical changes and quality characterization of cold-stored 'Sahebi' grape in response to postharvest application of GABA. Food chemistry. 373 Pt A, 131401.
• Bal, E., Kok, D., Torcuk, İ.A., 2017. Postharvest putrescine and ultrasound treatments to improve quality and postharvest life of table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Michele Palieri. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 18(3): 598-615.
• Bal, E., 2019. Effects of alginate edible coating enriched with salicylic and oxalic acid on preserving plum fruit (Prunus salicina L. cv.‘Black amber’) quality during postharvest storage. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus. 18(4): 35-46.
• Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M.E., Berset, C.W.T., 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Science and Technology. 28(1): 25-30.
• Castillo, S., Navarro, D.N., Zapata, P.J., Guillén, F., Valero, D., Serrano, M., Martínez-Romero, D., 2010. Antifungal efficacy of Aloe vera in vitro and its use as a preharvest application to maintain postharvest table grape quality. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 57: 183-188.
• Champa, W.A., Gill, MI., Mahajan, B.V., Arora, N.K., 2014. Preharvest salicylic acid applications to improve quality and postharvest life of table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Flame Seedless. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 52: 3607-3616.
• Chen, C., Sun, C., Wang, Y., Gong, H., Zhang, A., Yang, Y., Guo, F., Cui, K., Fan, X., Li, X., 2023. The preharvest and postharvest application of salicylic acid and its derivatives on storage of fruit and vegetables: A review. Scientia Horticulturae. 312: 111858.
• Cherian, S., Figueroa, C.R., Nair, H., 2014. ‘Movers and shakers’ in the regulation of fruit ripening: a cross-dissection of climacteric compared with non-climacteric fruit. Journal of the Experimental Botanics. 65(17): 4705-22.
• Chervin, C., Westercamp, P., Monteils, G., 2005. Ethanol vapours limit Botrytis development over the postharvest life of table grapes. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 36(3): 319-322.
• Cisneros-Zevallos, L., 2003. The use of controlled postharvest abiotic stresses as a tool for enhancing the nutraceutical content and adding-value of fresh fruits and vegetables. Journal of Food Science. 68: 1560-1565.
• Diaz-Mula, H.M., Serrano, M., Valero, D., 2012. Alginate coatings preserve fruit quality and bioactive compounds during storage of sweet cherry fruit. Food and Bioprocess Technology. 5: 2990-2997.
• Fan, Y., Xu, Y., Wang, D., Zhang, L., Sun, J., Sun, L., Zhang, B., 2009. Effect of alginate coating combined with yeast antagonist on strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) preservation quality. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 53(1-2): 84-90.
• Garcia-Pastor, M.E., Zapata, P.J., Castillo, S., Martínez-Romero, D., Valero, D., Serrano, M., Guillén, F., 2020. Preharvest salicylate applications enhance antioxidant compounds, color and crop yield in low pigmented-table grape cultivars and preserve quality traits during storage. Antioxidants. 9(9): 832.
• Garcia-Pastor, M.E., Giménez, M.J., SernaEscolano, V., Guillén, F., Valero, D., Serrano, M., García-Martínez, S., Terry, L.A., Alamar, M.C., Zapata, P.J., 2021. Oxalic acid preharvest application improves colour and quality of seedless table grape ‘magenta’ upregulating on-vine abscisic acid metabolism, relative VvNCED1 gene expression, and the antioxidant system in berries. Frontiers in Plant Science. 12: 740240.
• Gomes, E.P., Vanz Borges, C., Monteiro, G.C., Filiol Belin, M.A., Minatel, I.O., Pimentel Júnior, A., Tecchio, M.A., Lima, G.P., 2021. Preharvest salicylic acid applications improve phenolic compounds and biogenic amines in ‘Niagara Rosada’ table grape. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 176: 111505.
• Gong, D., Bi, Y., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Prusky, D., Alkan, N., 2022. Preharvest elicitors spray improves antioxidant activity, alleviates chilling injury, and maintains quality in harvested fruit. Horticulturae. 8(12):1208.
• Goni, M.G., Quirós-Sauceda, A.E., Velderrain-Rodríguez, G.R., Ovando-Martínez, M., Roura, S.I., González-Aguilar, G.A., Pareek, S., 2017. Salicylic acid applications. A Novel Postharvest Applications of Fresh Produce (pp. 119-148). CRC Press.
• Guerreiro, A.C., Gago, C.M., Miguel, M.D., Faleiro, M.L., Antunes, M.D., 2016. The influence of edible coatings enriched with citral and eugenol on the raspberry storage ability, nutritional and sensory quality. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 9: 20-28.
• Hamie, N., Zoffoli, J.P., Tarricone, L., Verrastro, V., PérezDonoso, A.G., Gambacorta, G., 2022. Rachis browning and water loss description during postharvest storage of ‘Krissy’ and ‘Thompson Seedless’ table grapes. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 184: 111758.
• Kalt, W., 2005. Effects of production and processing factors on major fruit and vegetable antioxidants. Journal of Food Science. 70: 10.
• Kayashima, T., Katayama, T., 2002. Oxalic acid is available as a natural antioxidant in some systems. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1573(1): 1-3.
• Kok, D., Bal, E., 2019. Changes on bioactive compounds and electrochemical characteristics of cv. Horoz Karası table grape (V. vinifera L.) induced by various doses of preharvest applications of benzoic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid at berry setting and verasion periods. Erwerbs-Obstbau. 61(1), 17-24.
• Kontominas, M.G., 2020. Use of Alginates as Food Packaging Materials. Foods. 9: 1440.
• Konuk Takma, D., Korel, F., 2017. Impact of preharvest and postharvest alginate treatments enriched with vanillin on postharvest decay, biochemical properties, quality and sensory attributes of table grapes. Food Chemistry. 221: 187-195.
• Krochta, J.M., Baldwin, E.A., Nisperos-Carriedo, M.O., 2011. Edible coatings and films to improve food quality. CRC Press NW.
• Martinez-Espla, A., Serrano, M., Martinez-Romero, D., Valero, D., Zapata, P.J., 2019. Oxalic acid preharvest application increases antioxidant systems and improves plum quality at harvest and during postharvest storage. Journal of Science Food Agriculture. 99: 235-243.
• Melo, N.F., Mendonça Soares, B.L., Diniz, K.M., Leal, C.F., Canto, D., Flores, M.A., Tavares-Filho, J.H., Galembeck, A., Stamford, T.L., Stamford‐Arnaud, T.M., Stamford, T.C., 2018. Effects of fungal chitosan nanoparticles as eco-friendly edible coatings on the quality of postharvest table grapes. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 139: 56-66.
• Ni, Z., Hu, K., Song, C., Ma, R., Li, Z., Zheng, J., Fu, L., Wei, Z., Zhang, H., 2016. Hydrogen sulfide alleviates postharvest senescence of grape by modulating the antioxidant defenses. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 4715651.
• Nia, A.E., Taghipour, S., Siahmansour, S., 2022. Effects of salicylic acid preharvest and Aloe vera gel postharvest treatments on quality maintenance of table grapes during storage. South African Journal of Botany. 147: 1136-1145.
• Shen, Y., Yang, H., 2017. Effect of preharvest chitosan-g-salicylic acid application on postharvest table grape quality, shelf life, and resistance to Botrytis cinerea-induced spoilage. Scientia Horticulturae. 224:367-373.
• Singh, D.P., Packirisamy, G., 2022. Biopolymer based edible coating for enhancing the shelf life of horticulture products. Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences. 4: 100085.
• Ramana Rao, T.V., Baraiya, N.S., Vyas, P.B., Patel, D.M., 2015. Composite coating of alginate-olive oil enriched with antioxidants enhances postharvest quality and shelf life of Ber fruit (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk. var. Gola). Journal of Food Science and Technology. 53: 748-756.
• Rastegar, S., Hassanzadeh Khankahdani, H., Rahimzadeh, M., 2019. Effectiveness of alginate coating on antioxidant enzymes and biochemical changes during storage of mango fruit. Journal of Food Biochemistry. 43(11):12990.
• Slinkard, K., Singleton, V.L., 1977. Total phenol analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. 28(1): 49-55.
• Souza, W.F., Lucena, F.A., Silva, K.G., Martins, L.P., Castro, R.J., Sato, H.H., 2021. Influence of edible coatings composed of alginate, galactomannans, cashew gum, and gelatin on the shelf- life of grape cultivar ‘Italia’: Physicochemical and bioactive properties. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 152: 112315.
• Valero, D., Díaz-Mula, H.M., Zapata, P.J., Guillén, F., Martínez-Romero, D., Castillo, S., Serrano, M., 2013. Effects of alginate edible coating on preserving fruit quality in four plum cultivars during postharvest storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 77: 1-6.
• Zapata, P.J., Guillén, F., Martínez-Romero, D., Castillo, S., Valero, D., Serrano, M., 2008. Use of alginate or zein as edible coatings to delay postharvest ripening process and to maintain tomato (Solanum lycopersicon Mill) quality. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 88: 1287-1293.
• Zheng, X., Brecht, J.K., 2017. Oxalic acid treatments. In Novel Postharvest Treatments of Fresh Produce (pp. 35-50). CRC Press.