Diş Hekimliğinde 3 Boyutlu - Eklemeli Üretim: Derleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1 - 11, 29.04.2024

Mert Aral Yasemin Keskin

https://doi.org/10.21306/dishekimligi.1402113

Öz

Eklemeli üretim(additive manufacturing) yani diğer bir adıyla ''3 boyutlu basım (3D printing)'', son zamanlarda üstünde oldukça çalışma yapılan, gelecekte diş hekimliğinde kullanımının daha da artması beklenen bir sistemdir. Diş hekimliğinde her ne kadar yeni bir sistem gibi algılansa da aslında bu sistem yıllardır özellikle mühendislik alanında ve özellikle seri üretimde (rapid prototyping) yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu sistem diş hekimliğinde, hem geleneksel üretim yöntemlerine, hem de eksiltmeli sistem(substractive manufacturing) ile üretime göre pek çok avantaja sahiptir. Geleneksel üretim yöntemleriyle kıyaslandığında üretimin hızlı ve standardizasyonun sağlanmış bir şekilde yapılabilmesi, hastaya tedavi planının dijital ortamda üç boyutlu modellerde anlatılabilmesi, hekimin yazılımlar aracılığıyla yapılacak restorasyonlarda özgürce tasarım yapabilmesi bunlardan bazılarıdır. Ayrıca insan faktörü ve hata olasılığının elimine edilerek daha uygun restorasyonlar hazırlanabilmesi ve üretimde farklı materyaller kullanılabilmesine imkan tanır. Eklemeli sistem, eksiltmeli CAD-CAM(Computer Aided Design-Computer Aided Manufacturing) sistemi ile kıyaslandığında ise en belirgin avantajı materyal kaybının çok az miktarlara indirilmesidir.
Sonuç: Bu derleme, diş hekimliğinde kullanımı gitgide yaygınlaşan 3 boyutlu üretim sistemleri hakkında diş hekimlerin bilgi sahibi olmalarını amaçlamaktadır. Sahip olduğu avantajlardan dolayı gelecekte diş hekimliğinde kullanımının daha da yaygınlaşması kaçınılmazdır. Rutin tedavinin parçası olarak kullanılmaya başlandığında da üretimin maliyeti dolaylı olarak azalacaktır. Bu sistemlerin hekimler tarafından detaylı olarak öğrenilmesi gerekliliği, gelişen teknolojinin modern bir sonucu olarak karşımıza çıkacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilgisayar yardımlı tasarım, Diş hekimliği, Gözden geçirme, Printing, üç boyutlu, Prostodonti

3D - Additive Manufacturing in Dentistry: A Review

Öz

Additive manufacturing, also known as "3D printing", is a method that has been extensively studied recently and is expected to increase its use in dentistry in the future. Although it is perceived as new in dentistry, in fact, this system has been widely used for years, especially in engineering and in rapid prototyping. In dentistry, it has many advantages over both traditional and substractive manufacturing methods. Compared to traditional method, some of these advantages include fast and standardized production, the ability to explain the treatment plan to the patient in 3D models, and the ability of the physician to freely design the restorations to be made through software. In addition, it also allows the possibility of preparing more suitable restorations by eliminating the human factor and the possibility of error, and the use of different materials in production. When the additive system is compared to the subtractive CAD-CAM (Computer Aided Design-Computer Aided Manufacturing) technique, the most obvious advantage is that material loss is largely prevented.
Conclusion: This review aims to provide dentists with information about 3D production systems, which are increasingly used in dentistry. Due to its advantages, it is inevitable that its use in dentistry will become more widespread in the future. When it starts to be used as part of routine treatment, the cost of production will indirectly decrease. The necessity for dentists to learn these systems thoroughly will emerge as a modern consequence of developing technology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Computer-Aided Design, Dentistry, Printing, Three-Dimensional, Prosthodontics, Review

Kaynakça

• 1. The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms: Ninth Edition. J Prosthet Dent. 2017;117(5S):e1-e105.
• 2. Duret F, Preston JD. CAD/CAM imaging in dentistry. Curr Opin Dent. 1991;1(2):150-54.
• 3. Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Kunii J, Kuriyama S, Tamaki Y. A review of dental CAD/CAM: current status and future perspectives from 20 years of experience. Dent Mater J. 2009;28(1):44-56.
• 4. Gupta C, Mittal A. Role of digital technology in prosthodontics: A step toward improving dental care. Indian J Oral Health Res. 2018;4:35-41.
• 5. Davidowitz G, Kotick PG. The use of CAD/CAM in dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2011;55(3):559-70.
• 6. Lim SH, Kim MK, Kang SH. Genioplasty using a simple CAD/CAM (computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing) surgical guide. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015;37(1):44.
• 7. Katkar RA, Taft RM, Grant GT. 3D Volume Rendering and 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing). Dent Clin North Am. 2018;62(3):393-402.
• 8. Karaalioğlu OF, Duymuş ZY. Diş hekimliğinde uygulanan CAD/CAM sistemleri. Atatürk Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2008;(1):25-32.
• 9. Ting-Shu S, Jian S. Intraoral Digital Impression Technique: A Review. J Prosthodont. 2015;24(4):313-21.
• 10. Mangano F, Gandolfi A, Luongo G, Logozzo S. Intraoral scanners in dentistry: a review of the current literature. BMC Oral Health. 2017;17(1):149.
• 11. Alharbi N, Wismeijer D, Osman RB. Additive Manufacturing Techniques in Prosthodontics: Where Do We Currently Stand? A Critical Review. Int J Prosthodont. 2017;30(5):474-84.
• 12. Methani MM, Revilla-León M, Zandinejad A. The potential of additive manufacturing technologies and their processing parameters for the fabrication of all-ceramic crowns: A review. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2020;32(2):182-92.
• 13. Zandparsa R. Digital imaging and fabrication. Dent Clin North Am. 2014;58(1):135-58.
• 14. Burgess J. Digital DICOM in Dentistry. Open Dent J. 2015;9:330-36.
• 15. Blatz MB, Conejo J. The Current State of Chairside Digital Dentistry and Materials. Dent Clin North Am. 2019;63(2):175-97.
• 16. Fung L, Brisebois P. Implementing Digital Dentistry into Your Esthetic Dental Practice. Dent Clin North Am. 2020;64(4):645-57.
• 17. Güngör BE, Yılmaz M, Çelikkol O. İntraoral Tarayıcılarda Doğruluk. Aydin Dental Journal. 2022;8(2):123-41.
• 18. Kamio T, Suzuki M, Asaumi R, Kawai T. DICOM segmentation and STL creation for 3D printing: a process and software package comparison for osseous anatomy. 3D Print Med. 2020;6(1):17.
• 19. Azari A, Nikzad S. The evolution of Rapid Prototyping in Dentistry: A Review. Rapid Prototyping Journal 2009;15(3):216-25.
• 20. Kessler A, Hickel R, Reymus M. 3D Printing in Dentistry-State of the Art. Oper Dent. 2020;45(1):30-40.
• 21. Schweiger J, Edelhoff D, Güth JF. 3D Printing in Digital Prosthetic Dentistry: An Overview of Recent Developments in Additive Manufacturing. J Clin Med. 2021;10(9):2010.
• 22. Chen Z, Li Z, Li J, et al. 3D printing of Ceramics: A Review. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2019;39(4):661-87.
• 23. Demiralp E, Doğru G, Yılmaz H. Additive Manufacturing (3D printing) methods and applications in dentistry. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2021;11(1):182-90.
• 24. Acharya A, Chodankar RN, Patil R, Patil AG. Assessment of knowledge, awareness and practices toward the use of 3D printing among dental laboratory technicians in Karnataka, India: A cross-sectional study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2023;13(4):476-81.
• 25. Kihara H, Sugawara S, Yokota J, Takafuji K, Fukazawa S, Tamada A, Hatakeyama W, Kondo H. Applications of three-dimensional printers in prosthetic dentistry. J Oral Sci. 2021;63(3):212-16.
• 26. ISO/ASTM 52900:2021 (en) [İnternet] ISO - International Organization for Standardization. Erişim:https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/%23iso:std:iso-astm:52900:ed-1:v1:en. (Erişim tarihi 04.07.2023)
• 27. Javaid M, Haleem A. Current status and applications of additive manufacturing in dentistry: A literature-based review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2019;9(3):179-85.
• 28. Methani MM, Cesar PF, et al. Additive manufacturing in dentistry: current technologies, clinical applications, and limitations. Current Oral Health Reports, 2020;7:327-34.
• 29. 3D Printing-Additive [İnternet] 3D Experience. Erişim:https://make.3dexperience.3ds.com/processes/photopolymerization. (Erişim Tarihi: 05.07.2023)
• 30. Pillai S, Upadhyay A, Khayambashi P, Farooq I, Sabri H, Tarar M, Lee KT, Harb I, Zhou S, Wang Y, Tran SD. Dental 3D-Printing: Transferring Art from the Laboratories to the Clinics. Polymers (Basel). 2021;13(1):157.
• 31. Metal injection molding vs. Binder jetting [2/2] [İnternet] TAV Vacuum Furnaces. Erişim: https://www.tav-vacuumfurnaces.com/blog/42/ en/metal-injection-molding-vs-binder-jetting-2. (Erişim Tarihi: 05.07.2023)
• 32. PolyJet vs Multijet printing (MJP) [İnternet] FacFox Manufacturing. Erişim: https://facfox.com/docs/kb/polyjet-mjp-comparison. (Erişim Tarihi: 05.07.2023)
• 33. Ligon SC, Liska R, Stampfl J, Gurr M, Mülhaupt R. Polymers for 3D Printing and Customized Additive Manufacturing. Chem Rev. 2017 Aug 9;117(15):10212-290.
• 34. Gibson I, Rosen D, Stucker B, Khorasani M. Additive Manufacturing Technologies, 3rd ed. Switzerland: Springer; 2021;253-318.
• 35. Ngo TD, Kashani A, Imbalzano G, Nguyen KTQ, Hui D. Additive Manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2018;143:172-96.
• 36. Jain S, Sayed ME, Shetty M, Alqahtani SM, Al Wadei MHD, Gupta SG, et al. Physical and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Provisional Crowns and Fixed Dental Prosthesis Resins Compared to CAD/CAM Milled and Conventional Provisional Resins: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Polymers (Basel). 2022;14(13):2691.
• 37. Sulaiman TA. Materials in digital dentistry-A review. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2020;32(2):171-81.
• 38. Li RW, Chow TW, Matinlinna JP. Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology: state of the art. J Prosthodont Res. 2014;58(4):208-16.
• 39. Silva LHD, Lima E, Miranda RBP, Favero SS, Lohbauer U, Cesar PF. Dental ceramics: a review of new materials and processing methods. Braz Oral Res. 2017;31:e58.
• 40. Travitzky N, Bonet A, Dermeik B, et al. Additive manufacturing of ceramic-based materials. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2014;16(6):729-54.