Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORY IN SOCIAL MEDIA AND REAL LIFE: PHENOMENOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PERCEIVED FUNCTIONS

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 62 Sayı: 2, 1631 - 1656, 20.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2022.62.2.34

Öz

Social media has become an important part of life for individuals of all ages. A substantial number of events are experienced and shared with others on social media. Social media events include unusual stimuli like text, photos, and videos. Given that, they are likely to differ from real-life events in terms of phenomenology and perceived functions. Understanding these differences is critical in determining the effect of social media use on autobiographical memory. In the current study, we aimed to determine the differences between the phenomenological features and perceived functions of events experienced in social media and real life. For this purpose, in the current study, young adults wrote down two events they experienced in real life and on social media, and rated the phenomenological characteristics (i.e., emotional valence, emotional arousal, importance, voluntary and involuntary recall, identity, and centrality to life story) and perceived functions (i.e., reflective, social, productive, ruminative) of those events. Findings showed that social media events are perceived as emotionally less intense, less important, and less central to identity and life story than real-life events. It has also been reported that these events are recalled less frequently than real-life events, both voluntarily and involuntarily. Finally, social media events were perceived as less functional than real-life events. The study shows that social media events recorded in autobiographical memory differ from real life events in terms of quality and functionality. Given that, it is possible that self-perception and social relations and ultimately psychological health will be influenced by this new context of autobiographical memory.

Kaynakça

  • Alea, N. ve Bluck, S. (2007). I’ll keep you in mind: The intimacy function of autobiographical memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21(8), 1091-1111. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1316
  • Alea, N., Bluck, S., Mroz, E. L. ve Edwards, Z. (2019). The Social Function of Autobiographical Stories in the Personal and Virtual World: An Initial Investigation. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 794-810. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12370
  • Baker, J. R. ve Moore, S. M. (2011). Creation and validation of the personal blogging style scale. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(6), 379-385. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2010.0130
  • Barasch, A., Zauberman, G. ve Diehl, K. (2018). How the intention to share can undermine enjoyment: Photo-taking goals and evaluation of experiences. Journal of Consumer Research, 44(6), 1220-1237. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucx112
  • Belk, R. W. (2013). Extended Self in a Digital World: Table 1. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(3), 477-500. https://doi.org/10.1086/671052
  • Bluck, S. (2010). Autobiographical memory: Exploring its functions in everyday life. Memory, 11(January 2013), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210244000306
  • Bluck, S. ve Alea, N. (2002). Exploring the functions of autobiographical memory: Why do I remember the autumn? İçinde J. D. Webster & B. K. Haight (Ed.), Critical advances in reminiscence work: From theory to application (ss. 61-75). Springer Publishing Company.
  • Bluck, S. ve Alea, N. (2008). Remembering being me: The self-continuity function of autobiographical memory in younger and older adults. İçinde Self-continuity: Individual and collective perspectives (ss. 55-70). Psychology Press.
  • Choi, M. ve Toma, C. L. (2014). Social sharing through interpersonal media: Patterns and effects on emotional well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 530-541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.026
  • Cuc, A., Koppel, J. ve Hirst, W. (2007). Silence Is not golden: A case for socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting. Psychological Science, 18(8), 727-733. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01967.x
  • Echterhoff, G., Higgins, E. T. ve Groll, S. (2005). Audience-tuning effects on memory: The role of shared reality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(3), 257-276. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.3.257
  • Eliseev, E. D. ve Marsh, E. J. (2021). Externalizing autobiographical memories in the digital age. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 25(12), 1072-1081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.08.005
  • Gençöz, T. (2000). Pozitif ve negatif duygu ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik çalişmasi-annotated.pdf. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 15(46), 19-26.
  • Gibbons, J. A., Dunlap, S., Friedmann, E., Dayton, C. ve Rocha, G. (2022). The fading affect bias is disrupted by false memories in two diary studies of social media events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(2), 346-362. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3922
  • Gibbons, J. A., Horowitz, K. A. ve Dunlap, S. M. (2017). The fading affect bias shows positive outcomes at the general but not the individual level of analysis in the context of social media. Consciousness and Cognition, 53, 47-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2017.05.009
  • Harris, C. B., Rasmussen, A. S. ve Berntsen, D. (2014). The functions of autobiographical memory: An integrative approach. Memory, 22(5), 559-581. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2013.806555
  • Hongladarom, S. (2011). Personal identity and the self in the online and offline world. Minds and Machines, 21(4), 533-548. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-011-9255-x
  • Jiang, D., Fung, H. H., Sims, T., Tsai, J. L. ve Zhang, F. (2015). Emotion limited time perspective increases the value of calm limited time perspective increases the value of calm. Emotion. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000094
  • Karger, D. R. ve Jones, W. (2006). Data Unification in Personal Information Management. Communicatıons Of The ACM, 49(1).
  • Lambert, N. M., Gwinn, A. M., Baumeister, R. F., Strachman, A., Washburn, I. J., Gable, S. L. ve Fincham, F. D. (2013). A boost of positive affect: The perks of sharing positive experiences. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 30(1), 24-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407512449400
  • Lin, H., Tov, W. ve Qiu, L. (2014). Emotional disclosure on social networking sites: The role of network structure and psychological needs. Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 342-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.045
  • Mang, L., Ridout, N. ve Dritschel, B. (2018). The influence of mood and attitudes towards eating on cognitive and autobiographical memory flexibility in female university students. Psychiatry Research, 269, 444-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.055
  • Mroz, E. L. ve Bluck, S. (2019). In memory: Predicting preferences for memorializing lost loved ones. Death Studies, 43(3), 154-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2018.1440033
  • Odom, W., Harper, R., Sellen, A., Kirk, D. ve Banks, R. (2010). Passing on & putting to rest: Understanding bereavement in the context of interactive technologies. Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems- CHI ’10, 1831. https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753601
  • Öner, S. ve Gülgöz, S. (2016). Latent constructs model explaining the attachment-linked variation in autobiographical remembering. Memory, 24(3), 364-382. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1009469
  • Öner, S. ve Gülgöz, S. (2018). Autobiographical remembering regulates emotions: A functional perspective. Memory, 26(1), 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1316510
  • Özbek, M., Bohn, A. ve Berntsen, D. (2018). Why do I think and talk about it? Perceived functions and phenomenology of episodic counterfactual thinking compared with remembering and future thinking. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 174702181773873. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021817738731
  • Pillemer, D. B. (1989). Remembering personal circumstances: A functional analysis. İçinde Affect and Accuracy in Recall (ss. 236-264). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511664069.013
  • Roberts, J. E., Kyung, Y., Koscinski, B., Rosenfeld, E. ve Lee, H.-J. (2021). Response styles to sad mood and self-esteem as predictors of autobiographical memory: Distinctions between memory specificity and detail. Personality and Individual Differences, 169, 110142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110142
  • Stone, C. B. ve Wang, Q. (2019). From Conversations to Digital Communication: The Mnemonic Consequences of Consuming and Producing Information via Social Media. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 774-793. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12369
  • Stone, C. B. ve Wang, Q. (2022). Why do people share memories online? An examination of the motives and characteristics of social media users. Memory.
  • Sütterlin, S., Paap, M. C. S., Babic, S., Kübler, A. ve Vögele, C. (2012). Rumination and age: Some things get better. Journal of Aging Research, 2012, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/267327
  • Wang, Q. (2013). Gender and emotion in everyday event memory. Memory, June, 37-41.
  • Wang, Q. (2020). Creation of the Purposes of Online Memory Sharing Scale Memory in the Digital Age View project Culture and Human Development View project. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/jh5sx
  • Wang, Q., Blenis, C., Ng, M. ve Gonzalez, P. (2015). Going public: The impact of social media on autobiographicak memory. 2.
  • Wang, Q., Lee, D. ve Hou, Y. (2017). Externalising the autobiographical self: Sharing personal memories online facilitated memory retention. Memory, 25(6), 772-776. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1221115
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A. ve Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
  • Wolf, T. ve Demiray, B. (2019). The mood-enhancement function of autobiographical memories: Comparisons with other functions in terms of emotional valence. Consciousness and Cognition, 70, 88-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2019.03.002
  • Zimmerman, J. ve Brown-Schmidt, S. (2020). #foodie: Implications of interacting with social media for memory. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-020-00216-7

SOSYAL MEDYA VE GERÇEK YAŞAMDA OTOBİYOGRAFİK BELLEK: FENOMENOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLER VE ALGILANAN İŞLEVLER

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 62 Sayı: 2, 1631 - 1656, 20.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2022.62.2.34

Öz

Sosyal medya her yaştan insan için hayatın önemli bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Sosyal medya platformlarında her gün yeni deneyimler yaşanmakta ve gerçek yaşamdaki deneyimler bu platformlarda paylaşılmaktadır. Metin, fotoğraf ve video gibi alışılmışın dışında içeriklere sahip bu olayların gerçek yaşam olaylarından farklılaşması olasıdır. Bu farklılıkların anlaşılması sosyal medya kullanımının otobiyografik bellek süreçleri üzerindeki etkisinin tespiti açısından önemli görünmektedir. Güncel çalışmada sosyal medyada ve gerçek yaşamda deneyimlenmiş olayların fenomenolojik özellikleri ve algılanan işlevleri arasındaki farklılıkların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla genç yetişkinlerden gerçek yaşamda ve sosyal medyada deneyimledikleri birer olay yazmaları ve bu olayların fenomenolojik özellikleri (duygusal değerlik, duygusal şiddet, önem, gönüllü ve istemsiz hatırlama, kimlik ve yaşam öyküsüne merkezilik) ve işlevlerini (yansıtıcı, sosyal, üretici, ruminatif) puanlamaları istenmiştir. Bulgular sosyal medya olayları için hissedilen duyguların şiddetinin gerçek yaşam olaylarından daha düşük, daha az önemli, kimlik ve yaşam hikayesi için daha az merkezi olarak algılandığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca bu olayların istemli ve istemsiz olarak gerçek yaşam olaylarından daha az sıklıkla geri çağrıldığı raporlanmıştır. Son olarak sosyal medya olaylarının gerçek yaşam olaylarından daha az işlevsel algılandığı görülmüştür. Çalışma otobiyografik belleğe kaydedilen sosyal medya olaylarının niteliksel ve işlevsel açıdan gerçek yaşam olaylarından farklılaştığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, benlik algısının ve sosyal ilişkilerin ve nihayetinde psikolojik sağlığın bu yeni otobiyografik bellek bağlamından etkilenmesi mümkün görünmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Alea, N. ve Bluck, S. (2007). I’ll keep you in mind: The intimacy function of autobiographical memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21(8), 1091-1111. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1316
  • Alea, N., Bluck, S., Mroz, E. L. ve Edwards, Z. (2019). The Social Function of Autobiographical Stories in the Personal and Virtual World: An Initial Investigation. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 794-810. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12370
  • Baker, J. R. ve Moore, S. M. (2011). Creation and validation of the personal blogging style scale. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(6), 379-385. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2010.0130
  • Barasch, A., Zauberman, G. ve Diehl, K. (2018). How the intention to share can undermine enjoyment: Photo-taking goals and evaluation of experiences. Journal of Consumer Research, 44(6), 1220-1237. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucx112
  • Belk, R. W. (2013). Extended Self in a Digital World: Table 1. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(3), 477-500. https://doi.org/10.1086/671052
  • Bluck, S. (2010). Autobiographical memory: Exploring its functions in everyday life. Memory, 11(January 2013), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210244000306
  • Bluck, S. ve Alea, N. (2002). Exploring the functions of autobiographical memory: Why do I remember the autumn? İçinde J. D. Webster & B. K. Haight (Ed.), Critical advances in reminiscence work: From theory to application (ss. 61-75). Springer Publishing Company.
  • Bluck, S. ve Alea, N. (2008). Remembering being me: The self-continuity function of autobiographical memory in younger and older adults. İçinde Self-continuity: Individual and collective perspectives (ss. 55-70). Psychology Press.
  • Choi, M. ve Toma, C. L. (2014). Social sharing through interpersonal media: Patterns and effects on emotional well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 530-541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.026
  • Cuc, A., Koppel, J. ve Hirst, W. (2007). Silence Is not golden: A case for socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting. Psychological Science, 18(8), 727-733. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01967.x
  • Echterhoff, G., Higgins, E. T. ve Groll, S. (2005). Audience-tuning effects on memory: The role of shared reality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(3), 257-276. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.3.257
  • Eliseev, E. D. ve Marsh, E. J. (2021). Externalizing autobiographical memories in the digital age. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 25(12), 1072-1081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.08.005
  • Gençöz, T. (2000). Pozitif ve negatif duygu ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik çalişmasi-annotated.pdf. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 15(46), 19-26.
  • Gibbons, J. A., Dunlap, S., Friedmann, E., Dayton, C. ve Rocha, G. (2022). The fading affect bias is disrupted by false memories in two diary studies of social media events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(2), 346-362. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3922
  • Gibbons, J. A., Horowitz, K. A. ve Dunlap, S. M. (2017). The fading affect bias shows positive outcomes at the general but not the individual level of analysis in the context of social media. Consciousness and Cognition, 53, 47-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2017.05.009
  • Harris, C. B., Rasmussen, A. S. ve Berntsen, D. (2014). The functions of autobiographical memory: An integrative approach. Memory, 22(5), 559-581. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2013.806555
  • Hongladarom, S. (2011). Personal identity and the self in the online and offline world. Minds and Machines, 21(4), 533-548. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-011-9255-x
  • Jiang, D., Fung, H. H., Sims, T., Tsai, J. L. ve Zhang, F. (2015). Emotion limited time perspective increases the value of calm limited time perspective increases the value of calm. Emotion. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000094
  • Karger, D. R. ve Jones, W. (2006). Data Unification in Personal Information Management. Communicatıons Of The ACM, 49(1).
  • Lambert, N. M., Gwinn, A. M., Baumeister, R. F., Strachman, A., Washburn, I. J., Gable, S. L. ve Fincham, F. D. (2013). A boost of positive affect: The perks of sharing positive experiences. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 30(1), 24-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407512449400
  • Lin, H., Tov, W. ve Qiu, L. (2014). Emotional disclosure on social networking sites: The role of network structure and psychological needs. Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 342-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.045
  • Mang, L., Ridout, N. ve Dritschel, B. (2018). The influence of mood and attitudes towards eating on cognitive and autobiographical memory flexibility in female university students. Psychiatry Research, 269, 444-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.055
  • Mroz, E. L. ve Bluck, S. (2019). In memory: Predicting preferences for memorializing lost loved ones. Death Studies, 43(3), 154-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2018.1440033
  • Odom, W., Harper, R., Sellen, A., Kirk, D. ve Banks, R. (2010). Passing on & putting to rest: Understanding bereavement in the context of interactive technologies. Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems- CHI ’10, 1831. https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753601
  • Öner, S. ve Gülgöz, S. (2016). Latent constructs model explaining the attachment-linked variation in autobiographical remembering. Memory, 24(3), 364-382. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1009469
  • Öner, S. ve Gülgöz, S. (2018). Autobiographical remembering regulates emotions: A functional perspective. Memory, 26(1), 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1316510
  • Özbek, M., Bohn, A. ve Berntsen, D. (2018). Why do I think and talk about it? Perceived functions and phenomenology of episodic counterfactual thinking compared with remembering and future thinking. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 174702181773873. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021817738731
  • Pillemer, D. B. (1989). Remembering personal circumstances: A functional analysis. İçinde Affect and Accuracy in Recall (ss. 236-264). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511664069.013
  • Roberts, J. E., Kyung, Y., Koscinski, B., Rosenfeld, E. ve Lee, H.-J. (2021). Response styles to sad mood and self-esteem as predictors of autobiographical memory: Distinctions between memory specificity and detail. Personality and Individual Differences, 169, 110142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110142
  • Stone, C. B. ve Wang, Q. (2019). From Conversations to Digital Communication: The Mnemonic Consequences of Consuming and Producing Information via Social Media. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 774-793. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12369
  • Stone, C. B. ve Wang, Q. (2022). Why do people share memories online? An examination of the motives and characteristics of social media users. Memory.
  • Sütterlin, S., Paap, M. C. S., Babic, S., Kübler, A. ve Vögele, C. (2012). Rumination and age: Some things get better. Journal of Aging Research, 2012, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/267327
  • Wang, Q. (2013). Gender and emotion in everyday event memory. Memory, June, 37-41.
  • Wang, Q. (2020). Creation of the Purposes of Online Memory Sharing Scale Memory in the Digital Age View project Culture and Human Development View project. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/jh5sx
  • Wang, Q., Blenis, C., Ng, M. ve Gonzalez, P. (2015). Going public: The impact of social media on autobiographicak memory. 2.
  • Wang, Q., Lee, D. ve Hou, Y. (2017). Externalising the autobiographical self: Sharing personal memories online facilitated memory retention. Memory, 25(6), 772-776. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1221115
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A. ve Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
  • Wolf, T. ve Demiray, B. (2019). The mood-enhancement function of autobiographical memories: Comparisons with other functions in terms of emotional valence. Consciousness and Cognition, 70, 88-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2019.03.002
  • Zimmerman, J. ve Brown-Schmidt, S. (2020). #foodie: Implications of interacting with social media for memory. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-020-00216-7
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Aylin Ozdes 0000-0002-8741-8367

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Aralık 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 62 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ozdes, A. (2022). SOSYAL MEDYA VE GERÇEK YAŞAMDA OTOBİYOGRAFİK BELLEK: FENOMENOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLER VE ALGILANAN İŞLEVLER. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 62(2), 1631-1656. https://doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2022.62.2.34

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi

Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.   22455