Katı Atık Depolama Sahası Sızıntı Sularında Mikroplastik Kirliliği

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 18 - 38, 26.01.2024

Neriman Baylan Pelin Koyuncuoğlu Gülbin Erden

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1107656

Öz

Plastiklerin küresel anlamda yüksek üretim ve tüketimi, önemli miktarda plastik atık oluşumuna sebep olmaktadır. Plastik atıkların katı atık düzenli depolama sahalarında bertaraf edilmesi ile, plastik atıklar zamanla bozunarak mikroplastik formuna dönüşmektedir. Depolama sahalarında oluşan sızıntı suları vasıtasıyla mikroplastikler, alıcı ortamlara taşınmakta ve potansiyel bir kirlilik kaynağı haline gelmektedir. Bu sebeple, birçok alıcı su ortamında ve tarım arazilerinde mikroplastik kirliliği meydana gelmektedir. Literatürde, sızıntı suyunda mikroplastik kirliliğinin tespiti için az sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Sızıntı suyunda bulunan mikroplastik kirliliğinin çevresel etkilerinin ortaya konabilmesi için, bu alanda yapılan çalışma sayısının artması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, literatür kapsamında incelenen çalışmalar ile sızıntı suyundaki mikroplastik kirliliği değerlendirilmiştir. İncelenen çalışmalarda, sızıntı sularında mikroplastiklerin örneklenmesi, izolasyonu ve analiz yöntemleri detaylı bir şekilde irdelenmiştir. Sızıntı suyu kaynaklı mikroplastik konsantrasyonları, şekilleri ve başlıca polimer türleri incelenmiş olup mikroplastik kirliliğinin ekolojik riskleri özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikroplastik, Katı atık, Düzenli depolama sahası, Sızıntı suyu.

Microplastic Pollution in Landfill Leachates

Öz

The global high production and consumption of plastics cause a significant amount of plastic waste formation. With the disposal of plastic wastes in landfills, plastic wastes decompose over time and turn into microplastics. Microplastics are transported to receiving environments through leachate generated in landfills and become a potential source of microplastic pollution. For this reason, microplastic pollution occurs in many water bodies and agricultural lands. In the literature, there are few studies on the detection of microplastic pollution in leachate. In order to reveal the environmental effects of microplastic pollution in leachate, the number of studies in this area should be increased. In this study, microplastic pollution in leachate was evaluated with the studies examined in the literature. In the studies examined, sampling, isolation, and analysis methods of microplastics in leachate were examined in detail. Microplastics concentrations, shapes, and major polymer types from leachate were examined and the ecological risks of microplastic pollution were summarized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Microplastic, Solid waste, Sanitary landfill, leachate

Kaynakça

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