Determination of Pregnant Women's COVID-19 Vaccination and Anti-Vaccine Status

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 3, 412 - 420, 29.12.2023

Zehra Baykal Akmeşe

https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1214144

Öz

DETERMINATION OF PREGNANT WOMEN'S COVID-19 VACCINATION AND ANTI-VACCINE STATUS
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this research is to determine the status of pregnant women to be vaccinated against Covid-19 and their hesitancy to the vaccine.
Methods: The sample of the descriptive study consisted of 165 pregnant women, who were reached by calculating the minimum number of pregnant women to be reached (n=150). Data were collected by sending the Pregnant Data Collection Form and Anti-Vaccination Scale to the pregnant women using the Google survey method. "Covid-19 Vaccine in Pregnant" information brochure was sent to pregnant women who were found to be anti-vaccine according to the anti-vaccine scale score. Variables related to socio-demographic characteristics are shown by number and percentage distribution. The effects of categorical variables, which are thought to affect the anti-vaccine status, were evaluated by t-test and anova analysis in independent groups, and p<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: 33.3% of pregnant women are in the 30-34 age group, and the mean age is 28.37± 5.90. 24.2% of the pregnant women are Covid 19 positive so far, 7.9% have been in contact with someone who is Covid 19 positive in the last 14 days, 45.5% have had a PCR test at least once, 24.8% have not had the Covid 19 vaccine, It was determined that 58.5% of those who did not have the vaccine did not trust the vaccine, 17.1% were against it and did not have the vaccine because they experienced anxiety and fear. The mean total scale score of the pregnant women against vaccination was 46.55±12.03. It was determined that the mean scores of the pregnant women were statistically significantly affected by being positive for Covid 19 (p<0.05), being in contact with someone who was positive for Covid 19 in the last 14 days (p<0.05) and being vaccinated against Covid 19.
Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that one out of every four pregnant women did not have the Covid-19 vaccine because they did not trust, were against, or experienced anxiety and fear. It is thought that the establishment of a system where pregnant women can easily access adequate professional information and services regarding Covid-19 vaccination can eliminate vaccine rejection.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pregnancy, covid-19, vaccine, hesitancy

Gebelerin COVID-19 Aşısı Olma Durumları ve Aşı Karşıtlığının Belirlenmesi

Öz

GEBELERİN COVİD-19 AŞISI OLMA DURUMLARI VE AŞI KARŞITLIĞININ BELİRLENMESİ
ÖZ
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı gebelerin Covid-19 aşısı olma durumları ve aşı karşıtlığının belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırmanın örneklemini ulaşılması gereken en az gebe sayısı hesaplanarak (n=150) ulaşılan 165 gebe oluşturmuştur. Google anket yöntemi ile gebelere Gebe Veri Toplama Formu ve Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği gönderilerek veri toplanmıştır. Aşı karşıtlığı ölçek puanına göre aşı karşıtı olduğu saptanan gebelere “Gebelerde Covid-19 Aşısı “ bilgilendirme broşürü gönderilmiştir. Sosyo- demografik özelliklere ilişkin değişkenler, sayı ve yüzde dağılımı ile gösterilmiştir. Aşı karşıtı olma durumunu etkileyebileceği düşünülen kategorik özellikteki değişkenlerin etkisi bağımsız gruplarda t testi ve anova çözümlemesi ile değerlendirilmiş, p<0.05 anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Gebelerin %33.3 oranla 30-34 yaş grubunda, yaş ortalamasının ise 28.37± 5.90, %24.2’sinin şimdiye kadar Covid 19 pozitif, %7.9’unun son 14 gün içinde Covid 19 pozitif biriyle teması olduğu, %45.5’inin şimdiye kadar en az bir kez PCR testi yaptırdığı, %24.8’inin Covid 19 aşısı olmadığı, aşı olmayanların da %58.5’inin aşıya güvenmediği, %17.1 oranla da karşı oldukları ve endişe, korku yaşadıkları için aşı olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Gebelerin aşı karşıtlığı toplam ölçek puan ortalaması 46.55±12.03’dür. Gebelerin aşı karşıtlığı puan ortalamalarını, Covid 19 pozitif olma durumu (p<0.05), son 14 gün içinde Covid 19 pozitif olan biriyle temas etme (p<0.05) ve Covid 19 aşısı olma durumunun istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde etkilediği saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu araştırmada her dört gebeden birinin güvenmediği, karşı olduğu ya da endişe ve korku yaşadığı için Covid-19 aşısı olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Gebelerin Covid-19 aşılanması ile ilgili yeterli profesyonel bilgiye ve hizmete erişiminin kolaylıkla sağlanabileceği sistemin oluşturulmasının aşı reddini ortadan kaldırabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Destekleyen kurumlar: Yok

KAYNAKLAR
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Anahtar Kelimeler

Gebelik, Covid-19, aşı, karşıtlığı, Pregnancy, covid-19, vaccine, hesitancy

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Kaynakça

• Adhikari, E. H., Moreno, W., Zofkie, A. C., MacDonald, L., McIntire, D. D., Collins, R. R. J., Spong, C. Y. (2020). Pregnancy outcomes among women with and without severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection. JAMA Network Open, 3(11), e2029256. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.29256
• Al-Hanawi, M. K., Ahmad, K., Haque, R., Keramat, S. A. (2021). Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination among adults with chronic diseases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 14(10), 1489–1496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.08.002
• Ayele, A. D., Ayenew, N. T., Tenaw, L. A., Kassa, B. G., Yehuala, E. D., Aychew, E. W., … Belay, H. G. (2021). Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among health professionals working in Hospitals of South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17(12), 4925–4933. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.2013082.
• Aynalem, Z. B., Bogale, T. W., Bantie, G. M., Ayalew, A. F., Tamir, W., Feleke, D. G., Yazew, B. G. (2022). Factors associated with willingness to take COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant women at Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia: A multicenter institution-based cross-sectional study. PLOS ONE, 17(11), e0276763. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276763