YALIN ÜRETİM SİSTEMLERİNDE RİSK ANALİZİ: BULANIK VIKOR YÖNTEMİ İLE SERAMİK FİRMASINDA BİR UYGULAMA

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 1, 61 - 91, 30.04.2024

Veysel Çoban Güngör Çakır

Öz

Ticaret sınırlarının ortadan kalması pazarın genişlemesine ve rekabetinde yoğunlaşmasına neden olur. İşletmelerin küresel rekabette ayakta kalabilmesi müşterilere kaliteli ürünleri en uygun fiyatta sunmasına bağlıdır. Müşterilere sunulan uygun fiyatla birlikte karın arttırılması yalnız maliyetlerin düşürülmesi ile gerçekleşebilir. Üretimde gereksiz kaynak kullanımı ortadan kaldırarak verim artışı sağlayan ve maliyetleri düşüren yalın üretim tekniği kritik bir üretim aracı olarak ortaya çıkar. Bu çalışma, yalın üretim sistemlerinin uygulanması sürecinde karşılaşılan engellerin belirlenmesini ve etkilerinin gözlenmesi amaçlanır. Çalışma Bilecik ilinde bulunan bir seramik şirketinin tesislerindeki yalın üretim sistemleri ile ilgilenilir ve toplanan veriler ile uygulama önündeki risk faktörleri ve faktörlerin önem ağırlıklarını belirler. Veriler çalışanların bilgi ve tecrübelerine dayalı dilsel değerlendirmelerden elde edilir. Bulanık mantık teorisine dayalı yamuk aralıklı tip-2 bulanık kümeleri değerlendirmelerdeki bilgi kaybını azaltmak için başvurulur. Literatür taraması ve seramik sektöründeki tecrübeler yalın üretim sistemlerindeki on kritik risk faktörünü öne çıkarır. Uzmanlar tarafından önem ağırlıkları dilsel değerlendirilen risk faktörlerinin yamuk aralıklı tip-2 bulanık hesaplamaları on risk faktörünün sıralama değerlerinin 0,145-0,155 arasında değiştiğini ve faktörler arasında önemli bir fark olmadığını gösterir. Bu durum 23 faktör arasından ön değerlendirme ile 10 faktörün kritik faktörler olarak seçilmesinden kaynaklanır. İşletme koşul ve çalışan kabulünün risk faktörleri ile uyumuna göre yalın üretim sisteminin gerçekleşebilirliğini açıklamak için seramik işletmesinin üç farklı tesisi için uygulama çalışması yapılır. Tesisler risk faktörlerine göre dilsel değerlendirilir ve yamuk aralıklı tip-2 bulanık kümelere dayalı bulanık VIKOR (VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) karar verme yöntemi ile yalın üretim sisteminin uygulamasına en uygun tesis belirlenir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yalın üretim, Risk faktörü, Bulanık mantık, Yamuk aralıklı tip-2 bulanık küme, VIKOR

Teşekkür

Çalışmamızın geliştirilmesinde veri sağlama ve anket değerlendirmeleri ile katkıda bulunan Bilecik Seranit fabrikası yönetimine katkılarından dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

RISK ANALYSIS IN LEAN MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION IN A CERAMICS COMPANY WITH THE FUZZY VIKOR METHOD

Öz

The disappearance of trade borders causes market expansion and competition intensifies. The survival of institutions in global competition depends on offering quality products to customers at affordable prices. Increasing the profit of the institution while offering affordable prices to customers can only be achieved by reducing costs. Lean production technique, which increases efficiency and reduces costs by eliminating unnecessary resource use in production, emerges as a critical production tool. This study aims to identify the obstacles encountered during the implementation of lean production systems and observe their effects. The study deals with lean production systems in the facilities of a ceramic company in Bilecik and determines the risk factors and the importance weights of the factors with the collected data. Data is obtained from linguistic assessments based on employees' knowledge and experience. Trapezoidal spaced type-2 fuzzy sets based on fuzzy logic theory are used to reduce information loss in evaluations. Literature review and experience in the ceramics industry highlight ten critical risk factors in lean production systems. Trapezoidal type-2 fuzzy calculations of risk factors whose importance weights were evaluated linguistically by experts show that the ranking values of ten risk factors vary between 0.145-0.155 and there is no significant difference between the factors. This situation arises from the fact that 10 factors were selected as critical factors by preliminary evaluation among 23 factors. In order to explain the feasibility of the lean production system according to the compliance of operating conditions and employee acceptance with risk factors, an application study is carried out for three different facilities of the ceramic business. Facilities are evaluated linguistically according to risk factors, and the most suitable facility for the application of the lean production system is determined by the fuzzy VIKOR (VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) decision-making method based on trapezoidal spaced type-2 fuzzy sets.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lean manufacturing, risk factor, fuzzy logic, trapezoidal type-2 fuzzy set, VIKOR

Kaynakça

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