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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGION AND POLITCS IN GERMANY: A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 126 - 151, 29.03.2024

Bedri Şahin

https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1362288

Öz

Germany’s complex interrelationship between politics and religion has formed its social structure for ages, impacting both governmental structure and cultural development. The Holy Roman Empire, a collection of nations in Central Europe, served as an example of the strong entanglement of religion and politics since its emperors frequently combined religious obligations with rule. This dynamic was further compounded by the Protestant Reformation, which Martin Luther started in the 16th century and which brought to a number of religious battles. The gradual secularization of the German state was affected by the rise in popularity of secular principles during the Enlightenment. The Weimar Republic, Germany’s first post-World War I democratic state, established the separation of church and state. Nonetheless, when the Nazi government worked to consolidate its power, religious organizations were persecuted and manipulated under the Third Reich. Germany’s Basic Law allowed for cooperation between the government and religious organizations in areas like social welfare and education while simultaneously guaranteeing religious freedom. As the formerly atheist East Germany joined with the more religiously varied West, the reunification of Germany in 1990 introduced another layer to this connection. Germany’s political landscape is still shaped by the historical interactions between politics and religion, despite the country’s predominately secular status today. This reflects the country’s long history of juggling these tensions. The main focal point of the study is to analyze the evolution of the religion-politics relationship in Germany within a methodological framework. This analysis is supported by document examination and historical research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Religion Politics Germany

Proje Numarası

Bu bir proje degil, arastirma makalesidir.

Kaynakça

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ALMANYA’DA DİN VE SİYASET İLİŞKİSİ: TARİHSEL BİR BAKIŞ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 126 - 151, 29.03.2024

Bedri Şahin

https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1362288

Öz

Almanya’nın siyaset ve din arasındaki karmaşık ilişkisi, yıllardır toplumsal yapısını şekillendirmiş, hem yönetim yapısını hem de kültürel gelişimini etkilemiştir. Orta Avrupa’da bir dizi ulusun bir araya geldiği Kutsal Roma İmparatorluğu, imparatorlarının sık sık dînî yükümlülükleri yönetimle birleştirdiği için din ve siyasetin güçlü bir şekilde iç içe geçtiğinin bir örneğini oluşturmaktadır. Bu dinamik, 16. yüzyılda Martin Luther tarafından başlatılan Protestan Reformu ile daha da karmaşıklaşmış ve bir dizi dînî savaşa yol açmıştır. Aydınlanma döneminde seküler ilkelere olan ilginin artması, Alman devletinin kademeli sekülerleşmesini etkilemiştir. I. Dünya Savaşı sonrası Almanya’nın ilk demokratik devleti olan Weimar Cumhuriyeti, kilise ve devletin ayrılmasını benimsemiştir. Ancak Üçüncü Reich altında Nazi hükûmeti gücünü pekiştirirken, dînî kuruluşlar zulme uğramış ve manipüle edilmiştir. Almanya’nın Temel Kanunu, sosyal refah ve eğitim gibi alanlarda devlet ve dînî kuruluşlar arasında iş birliğine olanak tanırken, aynı zamanda dînî özgürlüğü garanti altına almıştır. 1990’da eski ateist Doğu Almanya’nın dînî açıdan daha çeşitli Batı ile birleşmesi, bu bağlantıya yeni bir boyut katmıştır. Bugün Almanya’nın ağırlıklı olarak seküler statüsüne rağmen, ülkenin siyasi manzarası tarih boyunca siyaset ve din arasındaki etkileşimler tarafından şekillenmeye devam etmektedir. Bu, ülkenin bu tür gerilimleri dengeleme konusundaki uzun tarihini yansıtmaktadır. Çalışmanın ana odak noktası, metodolojik bir çerçeve içinde Almanya’daki din-siyaset ilişkisinin evrimini analiz etmektir. Bu analiz, belge incelemesi ve tarihsel araştırmalarla desteklenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Din Siyaset Almanya

Etik Beyan

Etik kurallara uydugumu beyan ediyorum.

Destekleyen Kurum

Engelli bir cocugumun tedavileri icin Almanyada yasiyorum. Bagimsiz arastirmaci olarak akademik faaliyetlerimi sürdürüyorum ama gerek Türkiye gerek dünyanin bir baska ülkesinde Siyaset Blimi ve Uluslararasi Iliskiler alaninda UZAKTAN yani online DERS VEREBILECEK BIR ÜNIVERSITE BULURSAM, engelli cocugumun tedavilerini aksatmadan kalan bos zamanlarimda ögrencilere ders vermeyi , ögrenci yetistirmeyi, yüksek lisans veya doktora danismanligi vb. yapmayi cok istiyorum. Bildiklerimi unutmamis olurum,

Proje Numarası

Bu bir proje degil, arastirma makalesidir.

Teşekkür

Erciyes Akademi dergisine ilerleyen sürecte Almanya ve Halk Cumhuriyeti ile ilgili yazdigim makalelerden bazilarini göndermeyi planladim. Avrupa Calismlari baglaminda genellikle Almanya, Uzakdogu Calismalari baglaminda Cin Halk Cumhuriyeti devletlerine yogunlastim. Tesekkür ediyorum

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  • Winkler, H. A. (2007). Germany: the Long Road West: Volume 2: 1933-1990. OUP Oxford.
  • Wolfart, J. C. (2018). Increasing Religious Diversity: Historiographical Criticism of a Current Paradigm. Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions, 21(4), 63-87. https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.2018.21.4.63
  • Wolfe, J., Adams, N., Pattison, G., & Ward, G. (2013). The Oxford Handbook of Theology and Modern European Thought. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199601998.013.0013.
  • Wolfram, H. (1988). History of the Goths. University of California Press.
  • Wylie, J. H. (1896). History of England under Henry the Fourth (Vol. 3). Longmans, Green.
Toplam 159 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Avrupa Çalışmaları
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Bedri Şahin 0000-0002-6923-760X

Proje Numarası Bu bir proje degil, arastirma makalesidir.
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 26 Mart 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Şahin, B. (2024). ALMANYA’DA DİN VE SİYASET İLİŞKİSİ: TARİHSEL BİR BAKIŞ. Erciyes Akademi, 38(1), 126-151. https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1362288
 Kapak Resmi İndir

ERCİYES AKADEMİ | 2021 | erciyesakademi@erciyes.edu.tr Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-Gayri Ticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.