Saldırı Tespit Sistemlerinde K-Means Algoritması ve Silhouette Metriği ile Optimum Küme Sayısının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 71 - 79, 30.04.2024

Fatih Topaloğlu

https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.1412641

Öz

Günümüz internetleri neredeyse yarım milyon farklı ağdan oluşmaktadır. Bir ağ bağlantısında, saldırıları türlerine göre tanımlamak zordur. Çünkü farklı saldırılar çeşitli bağlantılara sahip olabilir ve sayıları birkaç ağ bağlantısından yüzlerce ağ bağlantısına kadar değişebilmektedir. Bu nedenden dolayı saldırı tespiti için kullanılan veri setlerinin doğru sınıflandırılması zorlaşmaktadır. Geçmişte pek çok araştırmacı, farklı yöntemler kullanarak davetsiz misafirleri tespit etmek için saldırı tespit sistemleri geliştirmiştir. Ancak mevcut yöntemlerin tespit doğruluğu ve zaman kaybı açısından bazı dezavantajları bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel motivasyonu, saldırı tespit sistemlerinde yüksek boyutluluğun getirdiği zorlukların üstesinden gelmek ve sınıflandırma performansını geliştirmek, sonuçta izinsiz girişlerin daha doğru ve verimli tespitini sağlamaktır. Çalışmada KDD Cup’99 saldırı tespiti veri setinin k-means kümeleme algoritması ile farklı k değerlerine göre analiz edilmesi ve silhouette metriği ile optimum küme sayısının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada farklı k değerleri için yapılan analizlerde, k=10’a kadar olası her konfigürasyon için silhouette skoru hesaplanmıştır. Bu metriğe göre en iyi küme sayısı 4 ve silhouette skoru 0.83 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca silhouette grafiği kalınlıkları ile küme boyutları görselleştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Saldırı tespit sistemleri, k-means, silhouette metriği

Determining the Optimum Number of Clusters with K-Means Algorithm and Silhouette Metric in Intrusion Detection Systems

Öz

TToday's internet consists of almost half a million different networks. In a network connection, it is difficult to identify attacks by type. Because different attacks can have various connections and their number can vary from a few network connections to hundreds of network connections. For this reason, it becomes difficult to correctly classify the data sets used for attack detection. The main motivation of the study is to overcome the challenges of high dimensionality in intrusion detection systems and improve classification performance, ultimately providing more accurate and efficient detection of intrusions. In the past, many researchers have developed intrusion detection systems to detect intruders using different methods. However, existing methods have some disadvantages in terms of detection accuracy and time loss. In the study, it was aimed to analyze the KDD Cup'99 attack detection data set according to different k values with the k-means clustering algorithm and to determine the optimum number of clusters with the silhouette metric. In the analysis carried out for different k values in the study, the silhouette score was calculated for each possible configuration up to k = 10. According to this metric, the best number of clusters was found to be 4 and the silhouette score was 0.83. Additionally, silhouette graphic thicknesses and cluster sizes are visualized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Intrusion detection system, k-means, silhouette metric

Kaynakça

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