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Farklı özelliklere sahip U matkaplar ile AA2024-T351’in delinmesinde çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindirikliğin incelenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 1167 - 1178, 30.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1136798

Öz

U matkaplar, imalat alanında ön delik delmeye ihtiyaç duymaksızın büyük çaplı deliklerin doğrudan delinmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan değiştirilebilir uçlu kesici takımlardır. Delme takımları içerisinde %53 oranında bir pazar payına sahip olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Aynı nominal çapa sahip U matkaplar, özdeş kesici uç kullanmalarına rağmen farklı uzunluk/çap oranlarında üretilmektedirler. Bazılarında ise merkezi ucun bulunduğu talaş tahliye kanalına ekstra soğutucu deliği açılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada farklı U matkapların çıktı parametrelerine (çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindiriklik) olan etkisini incelemek amacıyla delik delme deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneylerde AA 2024-T351 malzemesi nominal çapı 20 mm olan U matkaplar ile 40 mm derinliğinde delinmiştir. Üç adet ilerleme miktarı (0,06-0,09-0,12 mm/dev), üç adet kesme hızı (200-250-300 m/dak) ve 4 farklı U matkap (3D-4D-4De-5D) kullanılmıştır. En düşük ortalama çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindiriklik değerleri 4De ile elde edilirken, en yüksek değerler 5D ile elde edilmiştir. 4De dışındaki U matkaplarda artan uzunluk/çap oranı ile çıktı parametreleri artmıştır. Aynı nominal çap ve uzunluğa sahip olan U matkaplardan ekstra soğutucu deliği olan 4De, ekstra soğutucu deliği olmayan 4D matkaba göre çaptan sapmada %68,4, dairesellikte %51,2, silindiriklikte %74,3 daha düşük değer meydana getirmiştir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Gazi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Proje Numarası

07/2019-08

Teşekkür

Gazi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından 07/2019-08 kodu ile desteklenmiştir. Desteklerinden dolayı araştırmacılar Gazi Üniversitesi BAP birimine teşekkür ederler.

Kaynakça

  • Campbell F. C., Elements of metallurgy and engineering alloys, Series, Elements of metallurgy and engineering alloys: ASM International, 2008.
  • Aamir M., Giasin K., Tolouei-Rad M. and Vafadar A., A review: Drilling performance and hole quality of aluminium alloys for aerospace applications, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 9(6), 12484-12500, 2020.
  • Davis J., Metals Handbook: desk edition. 2nd, Materials Park, OH: American Society for Metals, 1998.
  • Giasin K., Hodzic A., Phadnis V. and Ayvar-Soberanis S., Assessment of cutting forces and hole quality in drilling Al2024 aluminium alloy: experimental and finite element study, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 87(5), 2041-2061, 2016.
  • Saunders L. K. L. and Mauch C. A., An exit burr model for drilling of metals, J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 123(4), 562-566, 2001.
  • List G. and Girot F., On the optimisation of machining parameters for dry drilling of aeronautic aluminium alloy, in Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings): EDP sciences, 2003.
  • Ralph W. C., Johnson W. S., Toivonen P., Makeev A. and Newman Jr J., Effect of various aircraft production drilling procedures on hole quality, Int. J. Fatigue, 28(8), 943-950, 2006.
  • Kurt M., Kaynak Y. and Bagci E., Evaluation of drilled hole quality in Al 2024 alloy, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 37(11), 1051-1060, 2008.
  • Kurt M., Bagci E. and Kaynak Y., Application of Taguchi methods in the optimization of cutting parameters for surface finish and hole diameter accuracy in dry drilling processes, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 40(5), 458-469, 2009.
  • Lauderbaugh L. K., Analysis of the effects of process parameters on exit burrs in drilling using a combined simulation and experimental approach, J. Mater. Process. Technol. , 209(4), 1909-1919, 2009.
  • Zitoune R., Krishnaraj V. and Collombet F., Study of drilling of composite material and aluminium stack, Compos. Struct., 92(5), 1246-1255, 2010.
  • Krishnaraj V., Zitoune R., Collombet F. and Davim J. P., Challenges in drilling of multi-materials, in Mater. Sci. Forum: Trans Tech Publ, 2013.
  • Davoudinejad A., Ashrafi S. A., Hamzah R. I. R. and Niazi A., Experimental analysis of wear mechanism and tool life in dry drilling of Al2024, in Advanced Materials Research: Trans Tech Publ, 2012.
  • Lastnosti V. P. P. I. M. and Vrtanju H., Influence of the process parameters and the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys on the burr height and the surface roughness in dry drilling, Mater. Tehnol., 46(2), 103-108, 2012.
  • Neto F., Gerônimo T. M., Cruz C. E. D., Aguiar P. R. d. and Bianchi E., Neural models for predicting hole diameters in drilling processes, Procedia CIRP, 12, 49-54, 2013.
  • Barani A., Amini S., Paktinat H. and Tehrani A. F., Built-up edge investigation in vibration drilling of Al2024-T6, Ultrasonics, 54(5), 1300-1310, 2014.
  • Zhu Z., Guo K., Sun J., Li J., Liu Y., Zheng Y., and Chen L., Evaluation of novel tool geometries in dry drilling aluminium 2024-T351/titanium Ti6Al4V stack, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 259, 270-281, 2018.
  • Zhu Z., He B. and Chen J., Evaluation of tool temperature distribution in MQL drilling of aluminum 2024-T351, J. Manuf. Processes, 56, 757-765, 2020.
  • Aamir M., Tolouei-Rad M., Giasin K. and Vafadar A., Feasibility of tool configuration and the effect of tool material, and tool geometry in multi-hole simultaneous drilling of Al2024, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 111(3), 861-879, 2020.
  • Aamir M., Tolouei-Rad M., Giasin K. and Vafadar A., Machinability of Al2024, Al6061, and Al5083 alloys using multi-hole simultaneous drilling approach, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 9(5), 10991-11002, 2020.
  • Parsian A., Regenerative Chatter Vibration in Indexable Drills: Modeling and Simulation, University West, 2018.
  • Heisel U. and Schaal M., Burr formation in short hole drilling with minimum quantity lubrication, Prod. Eng., 3(2), 157-163, 2009.
  • Biermann D. and Hartmann H., Reduction of burr formation in drilling using cryogenic process cooling, Procedia CIRP, 3, 85-90, 2012.
  • Kaymakci M., Kilic Z. and Altintas Y., Unified cutting force model for turning, boring, drilling and milling operations, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 54, 34-45, 2012.
  • Kilic Z. and Altintas Y., Generalized mechanics and dynamics of metal cutting operations for unified simulations, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 104, 1-13, 2016.
  • Kilic Z. and Altintas Y., Generalized modelling of cutting tool geometries for unified process simulation, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 104, 14-25, 2016.
  • Rahman M., Seah K. and Venkatesh V., Performance evaluation of endrills, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 28(4), 341-349, 1988.
  • Venkatesh V. and Xue W., A study of the built-up edge in drilling with indexable coated carbide inserts, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 58(4), 379-384, 1996.
  • Varatharajulu M., Shahithya R., Jayaprakash G., Baskar N. and Davim J. P., Evaluation of desirability function approach and grey relation analysis for modeling circularity, perpendicularity and cylindricity in drilling magnesium AZ31, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part E: J. Process Mech. Eng., 235(2), 238-248, 2021.
  • Jiao A., Zhang G., Liu B. and Liu W., Study on improving hole quality of 7075 aluminum alloy based on magnetic abrasive finishing, Adv. Mech. Eng., 12(6), 1687814020932006, 2020.
  • Ahmadi K. and Altintas Y., Stability of lateral, torsional and axial vibrations in drilling, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 68, 63-74, 2013.
  • Yaman K., Biçakçi N. and Özgedik A., Matkap boyunun delik toleranslarına etkisinin incelenmesi, Journal of Polytechnic, 20(4), 765-775, 2017.
  • Arvajeh T. and Ismail F., Machining stability in high-speed drilling—Part 1: Modeling vibration stability in bending, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 46(12-13), 1563-1572, 2006.
  • Abele E. and Schäfer D., A New Approach for a Simulation-Based Prediction of Torsional Chatter in Deep Hole Drilling With Extra-Long Twist Drills, in International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013.
  • Abele E., Ellermeier A., Hohenstein J. and Tschannerl M., Tool length influence on wear behaviour of twisted carbide drills, Prod. Eng., 1(1), 51-56, 2007.
  • Ema S. and Marui E., Theoretical analysis on chatter vibration in drilling and its suppression, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 138(1-3), 572-578, 2003.
  • Dilipak H. and Yilmaz V., AISI 1050 Çeliğinin Karbür Takimlarla Frezelenmesinde oluşan Titreşimlerin Incelenmesi ve Istatistiksel Analizi, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 27(2), 2012.
  • Silva W., Jesus L., Carneiro J., Souza P., Martins P., and Trava-Airoldi V., Performance of carbide tools coated with DLC in the drilling of SAE 323 aluminum alloy, Surf. Coat. Technol., 284, 404-409, 2015.
  • Abdelhafeez A., Soo S., Aspinwall D., Dowson A. and Arnold D., Burr formation and hole quality when drilling titanium and aluminium alloys, Procedia Cirp, 37, 230-235, 2015.
  • Yağmur S., Adem A., Şeker U. and Günay M., Delik delme işlemlerinde kesme parametrelerinin kesme bölgesindeki sıcaklığa etkisinin deneysel incelenmesi, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 28(1), 2013.
  • Bayly P. V., Metzler S. A., Schaut A. J. and Young K. A., Theory of torsional chatter in twist drills: model, stability analysis and composition to test, J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 123(4), 552-561, 2001.
  • Ascroft H., Dewes R. and Aspinwall D., The use of soft/lubricating coatings when dry drilling BS L168 aluminium alloy, in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Industrial Tooling, 2003.
  • Sheth S. and George P., Experimental investigation, prediction and optimization of cylindricity and perpendicularity during drilling of WCB material using grey relational analysis, Precis. Eng., 45, 33-43, 2016.
  • Abbas C. A., Huang C., Wang J., Wang Z., Liu H., and Zhu H., Machinability investigations on high-speed drilling of aluminum reinforced with silicon carbide metal matrix composites, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 108, 1601-1611, 2020.
  • Aydin E. and Nalbant M., CFRP/Al-7075 istifli delmede matkap uç açılarının delinebilirlik üzerine etkisi, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(2), 917-932, 2020.

Investigation of deviation from diameter, circularity and cylindricality in drilling AA2024-t351 with U drills with different properties

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 1167 - 1178, 30.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1136798

Öz

U drills are indexable insert cutting tools that are widely used in the manufacturing field for direct drilling of large diameter holes without the need for pre-drilling. It is estimated to have a 53% market share among drilling tools. U drills with the same nominal diameter are produced in different length/diameter ratios, although they use identical inserts. In some, an extra coolant hole is opened in the chip evacuation channel where the central insert is located. In this study, hole drilling experiments were performed to examine the effect of different U drills on output parameters (deviation from diameter, circularity, and cylindricality). In the experiments, AA 2024-T351 material was drilled at a depth of 40 mm with U drills with a nominal diameter of 20 mm. Three feed rates (0.06-0.09-0.12 mm/rev), three cutting speeds (200-250-300 m/min) and 4 different U drills (3D-4D-4De-5D) were used. While the lowest mean deviation from diameter, circularity and cylindrical values were obtained with 4De, the highest values were obtained with 5D. Output parameters increased with increasing length/diameter ratio in U drills other than 4De. Of the U drills with the same nominal diameter and length, 4De with an extra coolant hole produced a lower value of 68.4% in deviation from diameter, 51.2% in circularity, 74.3% in cylindricality compared to the 4D drill without extra coolant hole.

Proje Numarası

07/2019-08

Kaynakça

  • Campbell F. C., Elements of metallurgy and engineering alloys, Series, Elements of metallurgy and engineering alloys: ASM International, 2008.
  • Aamir M., Giasin K., Tolouei-Rad M. and Vafadar A., A review: Drilling performance and hole quality of aluminium alloys for aerospace applications, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 9(6), 12484-12500, 2020.
  • Davis J., Metals Handbook: desk edition. 2nd, Materials Park, OH: American Society for Metals, 1998.
  • Giasin K., Hodzic A., Phadnis V. and Ayvar-Soberanis S., Assessment of cutting forces and hole quality in drilling Al2024 aluminium alloy: experimental and finite element study, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 87(5), 2041-2061, 2016.
  • Saunders L. K. L. and Mauch C. A., An exit burr model for drilling of metals, J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 123(4), 562-566, 2001.
  • List G. and Girot F., On the optimisation of machining parameters for dry drilling of aeronautic aluminium alloy, in Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings): EDP sciences, 2003.
  • Ralph W. C., Johnson W. S., Toivonen P., Makeev A. and Newman Jr J., Effect of various aircraft production drilling procedures on hole quality, Int. J. Fatigue, 28(8), 943-950, 2006.
  • Kurt M., Kaynak Y. and Bagci E., Evaluation of drilled hole quality in Al 2024 alloy, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 37(11), 1051-1060, 2008.
  • Kurt M., Bagci E. and Kaynak Y., Application of Taguchi methods in the optimization of cutting parameters for surface finish and hole diameter accuracy in dry drilling processes, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 40(5), 458-469, 2009.
  • Lauderbaugh L. K., Analysis of the effects of process parameters on exit burrs in drilling using a combined simulation and experimental approach, J. Mater. Process. Technol. , 209(4), 1909-1919, 2009.
  • Zitoune R., Krishnaraj V. and Collombet F., Study of drilling of composite material and aluminium stack, Compos. Struct., 92(5), 1246-1255, 2010.
  • Krishnaraj V., Zitoune R., Collombet F. and Davim J. P., Challenges in drilling of multi-materials, in Mater. Sci. Forum: Trans Tech Publ, 2013.
  • Davoudinejad A., Ashrafi S. A., Hamzah R. I. R. and Niazi A., Experimental analysis of wear mechanism and tool life in dry drilling of Al2024, in Advanced Materials Research: Trans Tech Publ, 2012.
  • Lastnosti V. P. P. I. M. and Vrtanju H., Influence of the process parameters and the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys on the burr height and the surface roughness in dry drilling, Mater. Tehnol., 46(2), 103-108, 2012.
  • Neto F., Gerônimo T. M., Cruz C. E. D., Aguiar P. R. d. and Bianchi E., Neural models for predicting hole diameters in drilling processes, Procedia CIRP, 12, 49-54, 2013.
  • Barani A., Amini S., Paktinat H. and Tehrani A. F., Built-up edge investigation in vibration drilling of Al2024-T6, Ultrasonics, 54(5), 1300-1310, 2014.
  • Zhu Z., Guo K., Sun J., Li J., Liu Y., Zheng Y., and Chen L., Evaluation of novel tool geometries in dry drilling aluminium 2024-T351/titanium Ti6Al4V stack, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 259, 270-281, 2018.
  • Zhu Z., He B. and Chen J., Evaluation of tool temperature distribution in MQL drilling of aluminum 2024-T351, J. Manuf. Processes, 56, 757-765, 2020.
  • Aamir M., Tolouei-Rad M., Giasin K. and Vafadar A., Feasibility of tool configuration and the effect of tool material, and tool geometry in multi-hole simultaneous drilling of Al2024, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 111(3), 861-879, 2020.
  • Aamir M., Tolouei-Rad M., Giasin K. and Vafadar A., Machinability of Al2024, Al6061, and Al5083 alloys using multi-hole simultaneous drilling approach, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 9(5), 10991-11002, 2020.
  • Parsian A., Regenerative Chatter Vibration in Indexable Drills: Modeling and Simulation, University West, 2018.
  • Heisel U. and Schaal M., Burr formation in short hole drilling with minimum quantity lubrication, Prod. Eng., 3(2), 157-163, 2009.
  • Biermann D. and Hartmann H., Reduction of burr formation in drilling using cryogenic process cooling, Procedia CIRP, 3, 85-90, 2012.
  • Kaymakci M., Kilic Z. and Altintas Y., Unified cutting force model for turning, boring, drilling and milling operations, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 54, 34-45, 2012.
  • Kilic Z. and Altintas Y., Generalized mechanics and dynamics of metal cutting operations for unified simulations, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 104, 1-13, 2016.
  • Kilic Z. and Altintas Y., Generalized modelling of cutting tool geometries for unified process simulation, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 104, 14-25, 2016.
  • Rahman M., Seah K. and Venkatesh V., Performance evaluation of endrills, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 28(4), 341-349, 1988.
  • Venkatesh V. and Xue W., A study of the built-up edge in drilling with indexable coated carbide inserts, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 58(4), 379-384, 1996.
  • Varatharajulu M., Shahithya R., Jayaprakash G., Baskar N. and Davim J. P., Evaluation of desirability function approach and grey relation analysis for modeling circularity, perpendicularity and cylindricity in drilling magnesium AZ31, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part E: J. Process Mech. Eng., 235(2), 238-248, 2021.
  • Jiao A., Zhang G., Liu B. and Liu W., Study on improving hole quality of 7075 aluminum alloy based on magnetic abrasive finishing, Adv. Mech. Eng., 12(6), 1687814020932006, 2020.
  • Ahmadi K. and Altintas Y., Stability of lateral, torsional and axial vibrations in drilling, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 68, 63-74, 2013.
  • Yaman K., Biçakçi N. and Özgedik A., Matkap boyunun delik toleranslarına etkisinin incelenmesi, Journal of Polytechnic, 20(4), 765-775, 2017.
  • Arvajeh T. and Ismail F., Machining stability in high-speed drilling—Part 1: Modeling vibration stability in bending, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 46(12-13), 1563-1572, 2006.
  • Abele E. and Schäfer D., A New Approach for a Simulation-Based Prediction of Torsional Chatter in Deep Hole Drilling With Extra-Long Twist Drills, in International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013.
  • Abele E., Ellermeier A., Hohenstein J. and Tschannerl M., Tool length influence on wear behaviour of twisted carbide drills, Prod. Eng., 1(1), 51-56, 2007.
  • Ema S. and Marui E., Theoretical analysis on chatter vibration in drilling and its suppression, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 138(1-3), 572-578, 2003.
  • Dilipak H. and Yilmaz V., AISI 1050 Çeliğinin Karbür Takimlarla Frezelenmesinde oluşan Titreşimlerin Incelenmesi ve Istatistiksel Analizi, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 27(2), 2012.
  • Silva W., Jesus L., Carneiro J., Souza P., Martins P., and Trava-Airoldi V., Performance of carbide tools coated with DLC in the drilling of SAE 323 aluminum alloy, Surf. Coat. Technol., 284, 404-409, 2015.
  • Abdelhafeez A., Soo S., Aspinwall D., Dowson A. and Arnold D., Burr formation and hole quality when drilling titanium and aluminium alloys, Procedia Cirp, 37, 230-235, 2015.
  • Yağmur S., Adem A., Şeker U. and Günay M., Delik delme işlemlerinde kesme parametrelerinin kesme bölgesindeki sıcaklığa etkisinin deneysel incelenmesi, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 28(1), 2013.
  • Bayly P. V., Metzler S. A., Schaut A. J. and Young K. A., Theory of torsional chatter in twist drills: model, stability analysis and composition to test, J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 123(4), 552-561, 2001.
  • Ascroft H., Dewes R. and Aspinwall D., The use of soft/lubricating coatings when dry drilling BS L168 aluminium alloy, in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Industrial Tooling, 2003.
  • Sheth S. and George P., Experimental investigation, prediction and optimization of cylindricity and perpendicularity during drilling of WCB material using grey relational analysis, Precis. Eng., 45, 33-43, 2016.
  • Abbas C. A., Huang C., Wang J., Wang Z., Liu H., and Zhu H., Machinability investigations on high-speed drilling of aluminum reinforced with silicon carbide metal matrix composites, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 108, 1601-1611, 2020.
  • Aydin E. and Nalbant M., CFRP/Al-7075 istifli delmede matkap uç açılarının delinebilirlik üzerine etkisi, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(2), 917-932, 2020.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Aslan Akdulum 0000-0003-2030-3167

Yunus Kayır 0000-0001-6793-7103

Proje Numarası 07/2019-08
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 24 Kasım 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Kasım 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Haziran 2022
Kabul Tarihi 18 Haziran 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Akdulum, A., & Kayır, Y. (2023). Farklı özelliklere sahip U matkaplar ile AA2024-T351’in delinmesinde çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindirikliğin incelenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(2), 1167-1178. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1136798
AMA Akdulum A, Kayır Y. Farklı özelliklere sahip U matkaplar ile AA2024-T351’in delinmesinde çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindirikliğin incelenmesi. GUMMFD. Kasım 2023;39(2):1167-1178. doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.1136798
Chicago Akdulum, Aslan, ve Yunus Kayır. “Farklı özelliklere Sahip U Matkaplar Ile AA2024-T351’in Delinmesinde çaptan Sapma, Dairesellik Ve silindirikliğin Incelenmesi”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 39, sy. 2 (Kasım 2023): 1167-78. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1136798.
EndNote Akdulum A, Kayır Y (01 Kasım 2023) Farklı özelliklere sahip U matkaplar ile AA2024-T351’in delinmesinde çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindirikliğin incelenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 39 2 1167–1178.
IEEE A. Akdulum ve Y. Kayır, “Farklı özelliklere sahip U matkaplar ile AA2024-T351’in delinmesinde çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindirikliğin incelenmesi”, GUMMFD, c. 39, sy. 2, ss. 1167–1178, 2023, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.1136798.
ISNAD Akdulum, Aslan - Kayır, Yunus. “Farklı özelliklere Sahip U Matkaplar Ile AA2024-T351’in Delinmesinde çaptan Sapma, Dairesellik Ve silindirikliğin Incelenmesi”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 39/2 (Kasım 2023), 1167-1178. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1136798.
JAMA Akdulum A, Kayır Y. Farklı özelliklere sahip U matkaplar ile AA2024-T351’in delinmesinde çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindirikliğin incelenmesi. GUMMFD. 2023;39:1167–1178.
MLA Akdulum, Aslan ve Yunus Kayır. “Farklı özelliklere Sahip U Matkaplar Ile AA2024-T351’in Delinmesinde çaptan Sapma, Dairesellik Ve silindirikliğin Incelenmesi”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 39, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 1167-78, doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.1136798.
Vancouver Akdulum A, Kayır Y. Farklı özelliklere sahip U matkaplar ile AA2024-T351’in delinmesinde çaptan sapma, dairesellik ve silindirikliğin incelenmesi. GUMMFD. 2023;39(2):1167-78.