Kirzner’in Girişimcilik Teorisinin Avusturya İktisat Okulundaki Yeri ve Önemi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3, 15 - 28, 01.06.2018

Sibel Cengiz

https://doi.org/10.31006/gipad.396298

Cited By: 2

Öz

Avusturya İktisat Okulunun temsilcilerinden biri olan Kirzner’in
“Girişimsel Keşif Teorisi” Mises’in ve Hayek’in piyasa süreciyle ilgili
görüşlerinden esinlenmiştir. Ana akım iktisatla çok ortak noktası olan Hayek’in
analizinin bazı problemleri vardır. Çünkü Hayek, piyasadaki tüm katılımcıların
fiyat alıcı olduğunu varsaymaktadır. Fiyatların nasıl belirlendiği ve onların
tekrar nasıl dengeye geleceği bir sorun olarak varlığını devam ettirmiştir.
Kirzner, Hayek’in bu teorik boşluğunu Mises tarafından geliştirilen “Girişimsel
Fiyat Ayarlama Teorisini” kullanarak doldurmaya çalışmıştır. Kirzner’in
teorisinde, fiyat alıcı olan girişimcidir. Girişimciler ekonomik koşullardaki
değişimleri algılar ve yeni piyasa koşullarına uyum sağlamak için uyarlanan
fiyatlar ve bireysel kararlar arasındaki eksik koordinasyonu keşfederler.
Kirzner’in girişimcilik perspektifi modern piyasa ekonomilerinde ekonomik
koordinasyon sürecinin açıklanmasıdır. Dolayısıyla çalışma, hem Kirzner’in
girişimcilik teorisinin Avusturya İktisat Okulundaki yerini ve önemini hem de
modern girişimcilik teorilerine katkılarını analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kirzner’in Girişimcilik Teorisi, Girişimcilik, Avusturya İktisat Okulu

The Place and Importance of Kirzner's Entrepreneurship Theory in the School Austria Economy

Öz

One of the
representatives of the Austrian School of Economics, Kirzner's “Enterprising
Discovery Theory” was inspired by Mises and Hayek's views on the market
process. Hayek’s analysis, which is very common with mainstream economics, has
some problems. Because Hayek assumes that all participants in the market are
price takers. How the prices are determined and how they will come to the
balance again remains as an issue. Kirzner tried to fill this theoretical gap
of Hayek using the “Enterprising Price Adjustment Theory” developed by
Mises. In Kirzner's theory, the price taker is the entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs
perceive changes in economic conditions and exploit incomplete coordination
between prices and individual decisions to adapt to new market conditions.
Kirzner's entrepreneurial perspective is the disclosure of the economic
coordination process in modern market economies. Therefore, Kirzner's theory of
entrepreneurship in the Austrian School of Economics will be analysed with
similarities and differences in terms of its contributions to modern
entrepreneurship theories.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Entrepreneurship, Kirzner’s Entrepreneurship Theory, Austrian School of Economics

Kaynakça

• Foss, N. J. & Klein P. G. (2010). Alertness, Action, and the Antecedents of Entrepreneurship. The Journal of Private Enterprise, 25(2):145-164.
• Humphreys, J. (2007). “Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Austrian Economics”, Review-Institute of Public Affairs, Volume:59, Issue:1.
• Garrison R. W. (2008). “Austrian Economics”, in William A. Darity Jr. (ed.). International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 2nd ed., volume 1: 210 –212. Detroit, USA: Macmillan.http://www.auburn.edu/~garriro/austrecon.pdf (Erişim:20.12.2016)
• Hayek, F. A. (1945). “The Use of Knowledge in Society”, reprint form the American Economic Review, XXXV, number 4; September, 1945: 519 – 30.
• Hayek, F. A. (1948). “Individualism and the Economic Order”, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. drich A. von (1952). The Counterrevolution of Science, reprint 1979, Indianapolis: Liberty Press.
• Hayek, F. A. (1952). “The Sensory Order”, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd.
• Hayek, F. A. (1967). “Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics”, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
• Hayek, F. A. (1978). “New Studies in Philosophy, Politics, Economics and the History of Ideas”, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
• High, J. (1986). “Equilibration and Disequilibration in the Market Process”, in I.M. Kirzner (ed.). Subjectivism, Intelligibility and Economic Understanding, New York: New York University Press, 111–121.
• Kirzner, I. M. (1973). Competition and entrepreneurship. Chicago: University Press.
• Kirzner, I. M. (1983). “Entrepreneurs and the Entrepreneurial Function: A Commentary” in J. Ronen (ed.). Entrepreneurship, Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 281–290.
• Kirzner, I. M. (1984). “The Entrepreneurial Process”, in C.A. Kent (ed.). The Environment for Entrepreneurship, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 41–58.
• Kirzner, I. M. (1999). “Creativity and/or Alertness: A Reconsideration of the Schumpeterian Entrepreneur”, The Review of Austrian Economics, 11: 5–17 http://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/revaec/v11y1999i1-2p5-17.html. (E.T.: 10.05.2016).
• Lachmann, L. M. (1994). Expectations and the Meaning of Institutions: Essays in Economics by Ludwig Lachmann, ed. Don Lavoie, London and New York: Routledge.
• Menger, C. (1871). Principles of Economics, 2007 Ludwig von Mises Institute. Alabama. http://mises.org/books/mengerprinciples.pdf, (Erişim:22.02.2016).
• Mises, L. (1949). Human Action. A Treatise on Economics, 1998 Scholar’s edition, reprint of first edition with 1954 index. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute. http://mises.org/Books/HumanActionScholars.pdf (Erişim:17.12.2016).
• Swedberg, R. (2002). Entrepreneurship: The Social Science View, Oxford: University Press.