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The Role of Organizational Justice Perceived by Teachers on the Ethical Dilemmas They Experience

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 362 - 406, 29.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.46778/goputeb.1387121

Öz

This study aims to examine the role of organizational justice perceived by teachers in the ethical dilemmas they experience. The research, conducted using a correlation survey model, included a sample of 379 teachers (215 female and 164 male) working in secondary and high schools. The findings of the research revealed that there were no significant differences in the ethical dilemmas experienced by teachers based on variables such as gender, age, type of institution, and education level. However, it was found that there was a significant difference in the behavioral ethical dilemma dimension, structural ethical dilemma dimension, and the overall score of ethical dilemmas at schools based on the teachers' branch of specialization. Furthermore, differences were identified in the structural ethical dilemma dimension based on the type of employment. In addition, the study revealed that there was a negative, low-level, and significant relationship between teachers' ethical dilemma levels and their perceptions of organizational justice. Organizational justice was found to predict 8% of the total variation in ethical dilemmas. Moreover, the behavioral ethical dilemma dimension was found to significantly contribute to the total score of ethical dilemmas in schools. However, the structural ethical dilemma dimension and the interactional ethical dilemma dimension did not significantly contribute to the overall score of ethical dilemmas in schools.

Kaynakça

  • Akdeniz, A. (2018). Relationship between teachers’ perceptions of organizational justice and perceptions of work engagement in educational organizations and examined according to some variables [Unpublished master's thesis]. Gazi University.
  • Aktaş, H. (2022). Question the reasons for the ethical dilemmas experienced by high school administrators [Unpublished master's thesis]. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University.
  • Alanoğlu, M. (2019). Analysis of the relationships between perceived school principal management styles and teachers' participation in decision-making, organizational justice, job satisfaction, and burnout perceptions [Unpublished master's thesis]. Fırat University.
  • Altınkurt, Y., & Yılmaz, K. (2011). Prospective teachers’ views about teachers’ occupational unethical behaviors. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty of Education Journal, 11(22), 113-128.
  • Altınkurt, Y., & Yılmaz, K. (2012). Relationship between management by values, organizational justice, and job satisfaction in secondary schools. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 2(2), 50-68.
  • Arik, S. (2021). The predictive powers of organizational trust and justice on enabling school structure: A structural equation modeling approach. African Educational Research Journal, 9(2), 449-460. https://doi.org/10.30918/AERJ.92.21.044
  • Babaoğlan, E., & Ertürk, E. (2013). The relationship between teachers’ organizational justice perception and organizational commitment. H. U. Journal of Education, 28(2), 87-101.
  • Baş, G., & Şentürk, C. (2011). Elementary school teachers’ perceptions of organizational justice, organizational citizenship behaviors, and organizational trust. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 17(1), 29-62.
  • Boydak Özan, M., Özdemir, T. Y., & Yirci, R. (2017). Ethical leadership behaviors of school administrators from teachers’ point of view. Foro de Educación, 15(23), 161-184. https://doi.org/10.14516/fde.520
  • Camadan, F., Topsakal, C., & Sadıkoğlu, İ. (2020). An examination of the ethical dilemmas of school counselors: opinions and solution recommendations. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2020.16
  • Chandrawaty, C., & Widodo, W. (2021). Investigating OCB’s mediating effect of school organizational justice on teachers’ performance: Evidence from Indonesia. East African Scholars J Edu Humanit Lit, 4(4), 167-172.
  • Çeçen, M. (2019). Organizational justice perceptions of school managers and teachers in elementary schools (Siirt sample) [Unpublished master's thesis]. Gaziantep University.
  • Çelik, O. T., & Gürsel, M. (2017). The relationship between elementary school teachers' perceptions of organizational justice and job satisfaction. Inonu University Journal of the Graduate School of Education, 4(7), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.29129/inujgse.347677
  • Çiçek, H. (2014). Influence of organizational justice level of physical education teachers in work environments on the ethical leadership behaviors (Kırıkkale province example) [Unpublished master's thesis]. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University.
  • Çubukçu, Z. (2020). Unethical behavior in school and education, ethical dilemmas and solutions. In B. Oral, A. Çoban, & M. Bars (Eds.), Morality and ethics in education (pp. 211-222). Pegem Academy.
  • Dipaola, M., & Guy, S. (2009). The impact of organizational justice on climate and trust in high schools. Journal of School Leadership, 19(4), 382-405. https://doi.org/10.1177/105268460901900401
  • Dowd, M. C. (2012). A national study of the ethical dilemmas faced by student conduct administrators [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Minnesota State University. https://cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu/etds/84/
  • Duran, K. (2014). A study on the perception level of preschool teachers’ professional ethical behaviors and ethical dilemmas in preschool education [Unpublished master's thesis]. Hacettepe University.
  • Ehrich, L. C., Kimber, M., Millwater, J., & Cranston, N. (2011). Ethical dilemmas: A model to understand teacher practice. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 17(2), 173-185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2011.539794
  • Erdoğan, O. (2019). Ethical dilemmas that school administrators and teachers experience: An analysis related to demographic variables. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 25(3), 569-620. https://doi.org/10.14527/-kuey.2019.014
  • Erdoğan, O., & Sezgin, F. (2020). Ethical dilemmas that school administrators and teachers experience: Reasons and coping strategies. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 10(2), 593-634. http://dx.doi.org/10.14527/pegegog.2020.020
  • Field, A., Miles, J., & Field, Z. (2012). Discovering statistics using R (1st ed.). Sage Publication.
  • Greenfield, W. D. (1993). Articulating values and ethics in administrator preparation. In K. R. Howe & O. B. Miramontes (Eds.), The ethics of special education (pp. 267-287). Teachers College. https://doi.org/10.36349/easjehl.2021.v04i04.003
  • İkiz, F. E., & Camadan, F. (2021). Ethical dilemmas and avoiding: An example of Turkish psychological counselors. Turkish Studies-Educational Sciences, 16(4), 1959-1977.
  • Jameel, A. S., Mahmood, Y. N., & Jwmaa, S. J. (2020). Organizational justice and organizational commitment among secondary school teachers. Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v4n1y2020.pp1-6
  • Kahveci, G., Kandemir, K. İ., & Bayram, S. (2019). An examination of the relationship between teachers’ organizational hypocrisy and organizational justice perceptions. Elementary Education Online, 18(2), 788-807. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2019.562061
  • Karasar, N. (2018). Scientific method of research: Concepts, principals, techniques (33th ed.). Nobel Publishing.
  • Maslovaty, N. (2000). Teachers' choice of teaching strategies for dealing with socio-moral dilemmas in the elementary school. Journal of Moral Education, 29(4), 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1080/713679394
  • Mataş Sancak, Y. (2014). Ethical organizational leadership and organizational cynicism an application of justice [Unpublished master's thesis]. Haliç University.
  • Millerborg, A., & Hyle, A. E. (1991). Ethics or the law: What drives administrative decisions? ERIC Document Reproduction Services. (Report Nu: ED335768). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED335768
  • Moorman, R. H. (1991). Relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior: Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship? Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(6), 845-855.
  • Niehoff, B. P., & Moorman, R. H. (1993). Justice as a mediator of the relationship between monitoring methods and organizational citizenship behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 36 (3), 527-556.
  • Oduol, T., & Cornforth, S. (2019). Ethical dilemmas in education: a case study of challenges faced by secondary school leaders in Kenya. Journal of Educational Administration, 57(6), 601-614. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-05-2017-0060
  • Özivgen, H., & Karaçam, A. (2020). Examining the relationship between physical education and sports teachers' ethical dilemmas and their zest for work: the case of Küçükçekmece. Journal of Sport and Recreation Researches, 2(2), 14-25.
  • Öztürk, A. G. (2020). A phenomenological study on teachers’ organizational justice perceptions [Unpublished master's thesis]. Gazi University.
  • Pallant, J. (2013). SPSS survival manual (1st ed.). Open University Press.
  • Polat, S. (2007). The relationship between the reception levels of secondary education teachers concerning organizational justice, organizational trust, and organizational citizenship treatment [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Kocaeli University.
  • Polat, S., & Celep, C. (2008). Perceptions of secondary school teachers on organizational justice, organizational trust, organizational citizenship behaviors. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 54, 307-331.
  • Pope, K. S., & Vasquez, M. J. (2016). Ethics in psychotherapy and counseling: A practical guide (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Rauf, F. H. A. (2014). Perception of organizational justice as a predictor of organizational citizenship behavior: An empirical study at schools in Sri Lanka. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(12), 124-131.
  • Selamat, N., Nordin, N., & Fook, C. Y. (2017). Organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior: Evidence from a developing country. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 9(1), 383-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0030-0_8
  • Strike, K. A., Haller, E. J., & Soltis, J. F. (2005). The ethics of school administration (3rd ed.). Teachers College Press.
  • Şencan, H. (2005). Reliability and validity in social and behavioral measurement. Seçkin Publication.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2015). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Tekel, E., & Karadağ, E. (2017). A qualitative study on the moral dilemmas of elementary and high school principals. Turkish Journal of Business Ethics, 10(1), 77–98.
  • Tezcan, G., & Güvenç, H. (2020). Middle school teachers’ professional ethical dilemmas. PAU Journal of Education, 49, 439-460. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.588753
  • Titrek, O. (2009). The level of organizational justice in schools according to school types. International Journal of Human Sciences, 6(2), 551-573.
  • Turhan, M., Erol, Y. C., Demirkol, M., & Özdemir, T. Y. (2019). The relationship between organizational justice perception and job involvement in teachers. SDU International Journal of Educational Studies, 6(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.33710/sduijes.637366
  • Uysal, B. (2019). The relationship between ethical leadership behaviors of school administrators and teachers' perceptions of organizational justice. [Unpublished master's thesis]. Ondokuz Mayıs University.
  • Üztemur, S., & Dinç, E. (2021). Ethical decision-making, ethical dilemmas, problems, and solutions. In A. İlğan (Ed.), Morality and ethics in education (pp. 213-245). Pegem Academy.
  • Yıldırım, A. (2010). An application of the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational justice. [Unpublished master's thesis]. Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey University.
  • Yılmaz, K., & Taşdan, M. (2009). Organizational citizenship and organizational justice in Turkish primary schools. Journal of Educational Administration, 47(1), 108-126.
  • Yoldaş, A. (2018). Examination of the effects of ethical leadership behaviors of school administrators upon teachers’ perceptions on organizational justice [Unpublished master's thesis]. Bahçeşehir University.

Öğretmenlerin Yaşadıkları Etik İkilemler Üzerinde Algıladıkları Örgütsel Adaletin Rolü

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 362 - 406, 29.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.46778/goputeb.1387121

Öz

Bu araştırmada, öğretmenlerin yaşadıkları etik ikilemler üzerinde algıladıkları örgütsel adaletin rolünün incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İlişkisel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmanın örneklemi ortaokul ve liselerde görev yapan 379 (215 kadın, 164 erkek) öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin yaşadıkları etik ikilemlerin cinsiyet, yaş, kurum türü, öğrenim düzeyi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği belirlenmiştir. Ancak branş değişkenine göre davranışsal etik ikilem boyutunda, yapısal etik ikilem boyutunda ve okullarda etik ikilem toplam puanında; istihdam şekline göre ise yapısal etik ikilem boyutunda anlamlı farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, araştırma öğretmenlerin yaşadıkları etik ikilem düzeyleri ile örgütsel adalet algıları arasında negatif yönde, düşük düzeyde ve anlamlı bir ilişkinin bulunduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Örgütsel adaletin etik ikilemdeki toplam değişimin %8’ini açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, Dağıtımsal Adalet Algısının öğretmenlerin Okullarda Etik İkilem Ölçeği Toplam’ından aldıkları puanları anlamlı şekilde açıkladığı; İşlemsel Adalet ve Etkileşimsel Adalet Algısının ise öğretmenlerin Okullarda Etik İkilem Ölçeği Toplam’ından aldıkları puanları anlamlı şekilde açıklamadığı bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Akdeniz, A. (2018). Relationship between teachers’ perceptions of organizational justice and perceptions of work engagement in educational organizations and examined according to some variables [Unpublished master's thesis]. Gazi University.
  • Aktaş, H. (2022). Question the reasons for the ethical dilemmas experienced by high school administrators [Unpublished master's thesis]. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University.
  • Alanoğlu, M. (2019). Analysis of the relationships between perceived school principal management styles and teachers' participation in decision-making, organizational justice, job satisfaction, and burnout perceptions [Unpublished master's thesis]. Fırat University.
  • Altınkurt, Y., & Yılmaz, K. (2011). Prospective teachers’ views about teachers’ occupational unethical behaviors. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty of Education Journal, 11(22), 113-128.
  • Altınkurt, Y., & Yılmaz, K. (2012). Relationship between management by values, organizational justice, and job satisfaction in secondary schools. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 2(2), 50-68.
  • Arik, S. (2021). The predictive powers of organizational trust and justice on enabling school structure: A structural equation modeling approach. African Educational Research Journal, 9(2), 449-460. https://doi.org/10.30918/AERJ.92.21.044
  • Babaoğlan, E., & Ertürk, E. (2013). The relationship between teachers’ organizational justice perception and organizational commitment. H. U. Journal of Education, 28(2), 87-101.
  • Baş, G., & Şentürk, C. (2011). Elementary school teachers’ perceptions of organizational justice, organizational citizenship behaviors, and organizational trust. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 17(1), 29-62.
  • Boydak Özan, M., Özdemir, T. Y., & Yirci, R. (2017). Ethical leadership behaviors of school administrators from teachers’ point of view. Foro de Educación, 15(23), 161-184. https://doi.org/10.14516/fde.520
  • Camadan, F., Topsakal, C., & Sadıkoğlu, İ. (2020). An examination of the ethical dilemmas of school counselors: opinions and solution recommendations. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2020.16
  • Chandrawaty, C., & Widodo, W. (2021). Investigating OCB’s mediating effect of school organizational justice on teachers’ performance: Evidence from Indonesia. East African Scholars J Edu Humanit Lit, 4(4), 167-172.
  • Çeçen, M. (2019). Organizational justice perceptions of school managers and teachers in elementary schools (Siirt sample) [Unpublished master's thesis]. Gaziantep University.
  • Çelik, O. T., & Gürsel, M. (2017). The relationship between elementary school teachers' perceptions of organizational justice and job satisfaction. Inonu University Journal of the Graduate School of Education, 4(7), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.29129/inujgse.347677
  • Çiçek, H. (2014). Influence of organizational justice level of physical education teachers in work environments on the ethical leadership behaviors (Kırıkkale province example) [Unpublished master's thesis]. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University.
  • Çubukçu, Z. (2020). Unethical behavior in school and education, ethical dilemmas and solutions. In B. Oral, A. Çoban, & M. Bars (Eds.), Morality and ethics in education (pp. 211-222). Pegem Academy.
  • Dipaola, M., & Guy, S. (2009). The impact of organizational justice on climate and trust in high schools. Journal of School Leadership, 19(4), 382-405. https://doi.org/10.1177/105268460901900401
  • Dowd, M. C. (2012). A national study of the ethical dilemmas faced by student conduct administrators [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Minnesota State University. https://cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu/etds/84/
  • Duran, K. (2014). A study on the perception level of preschool teachers’ professional ethical behaviors and ethical dilemmas in preschool education [Unpublished master's thesis]. Hacettepe University.
  • Ehrich, L. C., Kimber, M., Millwater, J., & Cranston, N. (2011). Ethical dilemmas: A model to understand teacher practice. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 17(2), 173-185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2011.539794
  • Erdoğan, O. (2019). Ethical dilemmas that school administrators and teachers experience: An analysis related to demographic variables. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 25(3), 569-620. https://doi.org/10.14527/-kuey.2019.014
  • Erdoğan, O., & Sezgin, F. (2020). Ethical dilemmas that school administrators and teachers experience: Reasons and coping strategies. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 10(2), 593-634. http://dx.doi.org/10.14527/pegegog.2020.020
  • Field, A., Miles, J., & Field, Z. (2012). Discovering statistics using R (1st ed.). Sage Publication.
  • Greenfield, W. D. (1993). Articulating values and ethics in administrator preparation. In K. R. Howe & O. B. Miramontes (Eds.), The ethics of special education (pp. 267-287). Teachers College. https://doi.org/10.36349/easjehl.2021.v04i04.003
  • İkiz, F. E., & Camadan, F. (2021). Ethical dilemmas and avoiding: An example of Turkish psychological counselors. Turkish Studies-Educational Sciences, 16(4), 1959-1977.
  • Jameel, A. S., Mahmood, Y. N., & Jwmaa, S. J. (2020). Organizational justice and organizational commitment among secondary school teachers. Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v4n1y2020.pp1-6
  • Kahveci, G., Kandemir, K. İ., & Bayram, S. (2019). An examination of the relationship between teachers’ organizational hypocrisy and organizational justice perceptions. Elementary Education Online, 18(2), 788-807. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2019.562061
  • Karasar, N. (2018). Scientific method of research: Concepts, principals, techniques (33th ed.). Nobel Publishing.
  • Maslovaty, N. (2000). Teachers' choice of teaching strategies for dealing with socio-moral dilemmas in the elementary school. Journal of Moral Education, 29(4), 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1080/713679394
  • Mataş Sancak, Y. (2014). Ethical organizational leadership and organizational cynicism an application of justice [Unpublished master's thesis]. Haliç University.
  • Millerborg, A., & Hyle, A. E. (1991). Ethics or the law: What drives administrative decisions? ERIC Document Reproduction Services. (Report Nu: ED335768). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED335768
  • Moorman, R. H. (1991). Relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior: Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship? Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(6), 845-855.
  • Niehoff, B. P., & Moorman, R. H. (1993). Justice as a mediator of the relationship between monitoring methods and organizational citizenship behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 36 (3), 527-556.
  • Oduol, T., & Cornforth, S. (2019). Ethical dilemmas in education: a case study of challenges faced by secondary school leaders in Kenya. Journal of Educational Administration, 57(6), 601-614. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-05-2017-0060
  • Özivgen, H., & Karaçam, A. (2020). Examining the relationship between physical education and sports teachers' ethical dilemmas and their zest for work: the case of Küçükçekmece. Journal of Sport and Recreation Researches, 2(2), 14-25.
  • Öztürk, A. G. (2020). A phenomenological study on teachers’ organizational justice perceptions [Unpublished master's thesis]. Gazi University.
  • Pallant, J. (2013). SPSS survival manual (1st ed.). Open University Press.
  • Polat, S. (2007). The relationship between the reception levels of secondary education teachers concerning organizational justice, organizational trust, and organizational citizenship treatment [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Kocaeli University.
  • Polat, S., & Celep, C. (2008). Perceptions of secondary school teachers on organizational justice, organizational trust, organizational citizenship behaviors. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 54, 307-331.
  • Pope, K. S., & Vasquez, M. J. (2016). Ethics in psychotherapy and counseling: A practical guide (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Rauf, F. H. A. (2014). Perception of organizational justice as a predictor of organizational citizenship behavior: An empirical study at schools in Sri Lanka. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(12), 124-131.
  • Selamat, N., Nordin, N., & Fook, C. Y. (2017). Organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior: Evidence from a developing country. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 9(1), 383-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0030-0_8
  • Strike, K. A., Haller, E. J., & Soltis, J. F. (2005). The ethics of school administration (3rd ed.). Teachers College Press.
  • Şencan, H. (2005). Reliability and validity in social and behavioral measurement. Seçkin Publication.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2015). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Tekel, E., & Karadağ, E. (2017). A qualitative study on the moral dilemmas of elementary and high school principals. Turkish Journal of Business Ethics, 10(1), 77–98.
  • Tezcan, G., & Güvenç, H. (2020). Middle school teachers’ professional ethical dilemmas. PAU Journal of Education, 49, 439-460. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.588753
  • Titrek, O. (2009). The level of organizational justice in schools according to school types. International Journal of Human Sciences, 6(2), 551-573.
  • Turhan, M., Erol, Y. C., Demirkol, M., & Özdemir, T. Y. (2019). The relationship between organizational justice perception and job involvement in teachers. SDU International Journal of Educational Studies, 6(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.33710/sduijes.637366
  • Uysal, B. (2019). The relationship between ethical leadership behaviors of school administrators and teachers' perceptions of organizational justice. [Unpublished master's thesis]. Ondokuz Mayıs University.
  • Üztemur, S., & Dinç, E. (2021). Ethical decision-making, ethical dilemmas, problems, and solutions. In A. İlğan (Ed.), Morality and ethics in education (pp. 213-245). Pegem Academy.
  • Yıldırım, A. (2010). An application of the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational justice. [Unpublished master's thesis]. Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey University.
  • Yılmaz, K., & Taşdan, M. (2009). Organizational citizenship and organizational justice in Turkish primary schools. Journal of Educational Administration, 47(1), 108-126.
  • Yoldaş, A. (2018). Examination of the effects of ethical leadership behaviors of school administrators upon teachers’ perceptions on organizational justice [Unpublished master's thesis]. Bahçeşehir University.
Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Öğretmen Eğitimi ve Eğitimcilerin Mesleki Gelişimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Esra Saçlı 0000-0001-9588-4176

Fatih Camadan 0000-0003-1516-4350

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 25 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Saçlı, E., & Camadan, F. (2024). The Role of Organizational Justice Perceived by Teachers on the Ethical Dilemmas They Experience. Uluslararası Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1), 362-406. https://doi.org/10.46778/goputeb.1387121