Üniversite Sınavına Hazırlanan Lise Öğrencilerinin Yaşadığı Beslenme Sorunlarının Saptanması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 128 - 138, 27.03.2024

Mücahit Muslu Çiğdem Gözübek Kevser Karlı Hatice Bozali

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1271157

Öz

Bu araştırma üniversite sınavına hazırlanan lise öğrencilerinin yaşadığı beslenme sorunlarını saptayarak güncel literatüre dayalı sağlık ve beslenme önerilerinin geliştirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırma, Kastamonu Merkez’de ikamet eden 400 lise öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Öğrencilere yüz yüze Sosyodemografik Anket, Beslenme Durumu ve Davranışlarını Saptama Anketi ve Besin Tüketim Sıklığı Formu uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar BEBİS 9 ve NCSS 2020 Statistical Software programları ile değerlendirilmiştir. Besin tüketimlerinin değerlendirilmesinde Türkiye Beslenme Rehberi 2022 önerileri referans alınmıştır. Üniversite sınavına hazırlık sürecinin lise öğrencilerinde beslenme, fiziksel aktivite, uyku, psikolojik durum, sosyal yaşam, sıvı tüketimi ve iştah durumunu etkileyerek genel sağlık durumunu üzerinde olumsuz etki oluşturabileceği görülmüştür. Ayrıca beslenme ile ilgili olarak enerji, makro ve mikro besin ögesi alımlarında dengesizlikler, önerilmeyen beden kütle indeksi değerleri, kahvaltı başta olmak üzere öğün atlama, uygun olmayan besin tercihleri ve beslenme tutumları ile fazla kafein tüketimi sorunları saptanmıştır. Bu sorunların engellenmesi için öğrencilerin ihtiyaçlarına yönelik beslenme ve sağlık eğitimlerinin verilmesi, okulun ve çevresinin öğrenciler için sağlıklı yaşama uygun hale getirilmesi, kantinlerde ve yemekhanelerde gerekli besin çeşitliliğini sağlaması için mevzuatların geliştirilmesi, düzenli olarak okulların yemekhanelerinin ve kantinlerinin mevzuata uygunluğu konusunda denetlenmesi, gerekli yerlerde ücretsiz yemek veya zenginleştirilmiş besinlerin dağıtılması, öğrencilerin sağlığının korunmasının halk sağlığı politikası haline getirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beslenme, Beslenme Sorunları, Ergenlik, Lise Öğrencileri, Üniversite Sınavı

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Determination of Nutritional Problems of High School Students Preparing for the University Exam

Öz

This study aims to determine the nutritional problems experienced by high school students preparing for the university exam and to develop health and nutrition recommendations based on the current literature. The descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 400 high school students residing in Kastamonu Center. Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Nutritional Status and Behavior Detection Questionnaire and Food Consumption Frequency Form were applied face to face to the students. The results obtained were evaluated with BEBIS 9 and NCSS 2020 Statistical Software programs. Türkiye Dietary Guidelines 2022 recommendations were taken as reference in the evaluation of food consumption. It has been observed that the preparation process for the university exam may have a negative impact on the general health status of high school students by affecting their nutrition, physical activity, sleep, psychological state, social life, fluid consumption and appetite. In addition, in terms of nutrition, imbalances in energy, macro and micro nutrient intakes, non-recommended body mass index values, skipping meals, especially at breakfast, inappropriate food preferences and nutritional attitudes, and excessive caffeine consumption were determined. In order to prevent these problems, it is recommended to provide nutrition and health education for the needs of students, to make the school and its surroundings suitable for a healthy life for students, to develop legislation to provide the necessary food diversity in canteens and cafeterias, and to regularly inspect schools' cafeterias and canteens for compliance with the legislation, distributing free meals or enriched foods where necessary, making the protection of students' health a public health policy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nutrition, Nutritional Problems, Puberty, High School Students, University Exam

Kaynakça

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