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Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 0 - 0, 07.06.2016

Öz

Tirana River is one of the main branches of Ishmi river and serves as collector for wastewater discharge, for the capital city and its surrounding rural areas. This river created  the north administrative border of Tirana and it’s formed from mountainouse conflux in Zall-Dajt area. Besides increasing the amount of sewage discharge into the river, as a result of population growth, it is a fact that in Tirana river solid waste from non-responsible businesses and different urban wastes are being deposited. The purpose of this study is to assess the microbiological quality of Tirana river by collecting reliable information about conditions in different area wherever the river course outside and inside the Tirana city. Samples were taken at four different points during year 2012-2013. The river is tested for indicators of pollution such as Streptoccocus faecali  and Escherichia coli as well as the presence of actinomycetes. Microbiological contamination tests show relatively large water contamination, especially in three areas where the river passes in residential area. Bacteria are transported to the River via storm water, catch basins, sediment, runoff, discharges, and spills. Larger amounts of bacteria reach the river when surrounding lands are more highly developed or "urbanized." The high level presence of these microorganisms indicates that the water quality of the river is very bad according to standards, presenting a risk to health of all the organisms that inhabit the sweet waters. River areas in considerable distance from residential areas, show microbiological level lower than in those close to residential areas. It is noticed also, a growth of temperature and TDS. This growth was more evident during raining days for TDS and temperature during drought periods of monitoring. 

Kaynakça

  • BODE, A. 2012. Impakti ambiental i fakëtorëve antropogjene në pellgun e ujëmbajtësit të Tiranës, pp 33-39. dibmin-fgjm.org/doktorata/DisertacioniABode.pdf
  • BORRELL FONTELLES & WINKLER, 2006. DIRECTIVE 2006/7EC of European Parliament andd the Council of 15 February 2006: Concerning the Management of Bathing Water Quality and Repealing Directive 76/160/EEC. - Official Journal of European Union, nr 64:35-51.
  • EPA, 1986. Method 9131, Total Coli form: Multiple Tube Fermentation technique.
  • FIGUERAS, M. J., BORREGO, J. J. 2000. “Sanitary Inspection and Microbiological Water Quality” Selected from the Book “Monitoring Bathing Water”. A Practical Guide to the Desing and Implementation of Assessment and Monitoring programmers, pp 22-84.
  • GRAY, JAMES R. 2005. "Conductivity Analyzers and Their Application". In Down, R.D; Lehr, J.H. Environmental Instrumentation and Analysis Handbook, by Randy D. Down and Jay H. Lehr Wiley. pp. 491–510.
  • HYSKO M, 2007. Manuali i mikrobiologjisë. Shtypshkronja „Julvin 2“, Tiranë, 246-248 pp. ISBN 99927-996-1-7.
  • MARIAT, F 1963: Sur la distribution geographique et la repartition des agents de mycetomes. Bull.Soc, Experimental Pathology, Exot. 56:35-45.
  • MERCK E, 1982. The testing of water, RFGJ,
  • MIHO, A. HYSKO, M. DUKA, S. 2010. First Report of Environmental Assessment in Tirana River (Place Bregu Lumit). Constructed Wetland for Nutrient Reductions in the Waters of Tirana River (1 November 2009 - 31 August 2010) http://iep-al.org/docs/TIRANA-Raport-July-2010.pdf
  • M490: Actinomycete Isolation Agar. Himedia Laboratories Technical data. himedialabs.com/TD/M490.pdf‎.
  • PADW, 2010. Protocol of Accepted Drinking Water Testing Methods, Version 2.0, Laboratory Services Branch, Ministry of Environmet, Ontario.
  • ROBERT A. CORBITT, 1999. Standard Handbook of Environmental Engineering, Second Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
  • SCHAAL, K.P. AND H. BICKENBACH. 1978. Soil occurrence of pathogenic nocardiae. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Suppl. 6: 429–434.
Yıl 2016, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 0 - 0, 07.06.2016

Öz

Kaynakça

  • BODE, A. 2012. Impakti ambiental i fakëtorëve antropogjene në pellgun e ujëmbajtësit të Tiranës, pp 33-39. dibmin-fgjm.org/doktorata/DisertacioniABode.pdf
  • BORRELL FONTELLES & WINKLER, 2006. DIRECTIVE 2006/7EC of European Parliament andd the Council of 15 February 2006: Concerning the Management of Bathing Water Quality and Repealing Directive 76/160/EEC. - Official Journal of European Union, nr 64:35-51.
  • EPA, 1986. Method 9131, Total Coli form: Multiple Tube Fermentation technique.
  • FIGUERAS, M. J., BORREGO, J. J. 2000. “Sanitary Inspection and Microbiological Water Quality” Selected from the Book “Monitoring Bathing Water”. A Practical Guide to the Desing and Implementation of Assessment and Monitoring programmers, pp 22-84.
  • GRAY, JAMES R. 2005. "Conductivity Analyzers and Their Application". In Down, R.D; Lehr, J.H. Environmental Instrumentation and Analysis Handbook, by Randy D. Down and Jay H. Lehr Wiley. pp. 491–510.
  • HYSKO M, 2007. Manuali i mikrobiologjisë. Shtypshkronja „Julvin 2“, Tiranë, 246-248 pp. ISBN 99927-996-1-7.
  • MARIAT, F 1963: Sur la distribution geographique et la repartition des agents de mycetomes. Bull.Soc, Experimental Pathology, Exot. 56:35-45.
  • MERCK E, 1982. The testing of water, RFGJ,
  • MIHO, A. HYSKO, M. DUKA, S. 2010. First Report of Environmental Assessment in Tirana River (Place Bregu Lumit). Constructed Wetland for Nutrient Reductions in the Waters of Tirana River (1 November 2009 - 31 August 2010) http://iep-al.org/docs/TIRANA-Raport-July-2010.pdf
  • M490: Actinomycete Isolation Agar. Himedia Laboratories Technical data. himedialabs.com/TD/M490.pdf‎.
  • PADW, 2010. Protocol of Accepted Drinking Water Testing Methods, Version 2.0, Laboratory Services Branch, Ministry of Environmet, Ontario.
  • ROBERT A. CORBITT, 1999. Standard Handbook of Environmental Engineering, Second Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
  • SCHAAL, K.P. AND H. BICKENBACH. 1978. Soil occurrence of pathogenic nocardiae. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Suppl. 6: 429–434.
Toplam 13 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Julis Selamaj Bu kişi benim

Milidin Jakup Bakalli

Margarita Hysko Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Haziran 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Selamaj, J., Bakalli, M. J., & Hysko, M. (2016). Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology, 2(1).
AMA Selamaj J, Bakalli MJ, Hysko M. Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area. IJCST. Haziran 2016;2(1).
Chicago Selamaj, Julis, Milidin Jakup Bakalli, ve Margarita Hysko. “Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area”. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology 2, sy. 1 (Haziran 2016).
EndNote Selamaj J, Bakalli MJ, Hysko M (01 Haziran 2016) Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology 2 1
IEEE J. Selamaj, M. J. Bakalli, ve M. Hysko, “Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area”, IJCST, c. 2, sy. 1, 2016.
ISNAD Selamaj, Julis vd. “Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area”. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology 2/1 (Haziran 2016).
JAMA Selamaj J, Bakalli MJ, Hysko M. Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area. IJCST. 2016;2.
MLA Selamaj, Julis vd. “Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area”. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology, c. 2, sy. 1, 2016.
Vancouver Selamaj J, Bakalli MJ, Hysko M. Monitoring of Tirana River and the Margin of Data in Urbanized and Non Rezidental Area. IJCST. 2016;2(1).