PREVALENCE OF TONGUE ANOMALIES IN TURKISH CHILDREN IN THE EASTERN ANATOLIA REGION

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 95 - 99, 25.08.2022

Sacide Duman Pelin Senem Özsunkar

Öz

Background: In this study, the prevalence of tongue anomalies in children was investigated according to age, gender, systemic diseases and allergies.
Materials and Methods: Eight hundred children of ages between 3-14 were examined. The age (3-6, 7-10, 11-14 years), sex and tongue anomalies (fissured tongue, geographic tongue, ankyloglossia, atrophic tongue, hairy tongue) were recorded together with any history of systemic diseases and allergies.
Results: 800 children in total(mean age:8.37±2.8 years) were evaluated; 414(51.8%) females, 386(48.3%) males. The number of children determined to have tongue anomalies was 94(11.7%). The most common tongue anomaly was fissured tongue, followed by ankyloglossia, geographic tongue, and atrophic tongue. While the prevalence of fissured tongue increased due to age, the prevalence of geographic tongue decreased(p=0.00). The number of children with a fissured tongue accompanied by geographic tongue was 6(0.8%). Of the children, 5.1%(n=41) had systemic disease, 1.5%(n=12) were allergic, and 1.1%(n=9) were syndromic. Tongue anomaly was found in 6 children with systemic disease and in 1 of the syndromic patients, no tongue anomalies were found in children with a history of allergy. Tongue anomalies were more common in males.
Conclusions: Assessment of tongue anomalies during the pediatric examination may provide clues in determining the child's lifestyle, eating habits, and underlying systemic diseases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fissured tongue, geographic tongue, pediatric population, systemic disease, tongue anomalies.

DOĞU ANADOLU BÖLGESiNDEKi TÜRK ÇOCUKLARINDA DiL ANOMALiLERiNiN YAYGINLIĞI

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, çocukların dil anomalilerinin yaygınlığı yaş, cinsiyet, sistemik hastalıklar ve alerjilere göre araştırıldı.
Materyal ve Method: 3-14 yaş arası sekiz yüz çocuk muayene edildi. Herhangi bir sistemik hastalık ve alerji öyküsü ile birlikte yaş (3-6, 7-10, 11-14 yaş), cinsiyet ve dil anomalileri (fissürlü dil, coğrafi dil, ankiloglossi, atrofik dil, kıllı dil) kaydedildi. Bulgular: Toplam 800 çocuk (ortalama yaş: 8.37±2.8 yıl) değerlendirildi; 414 (%51,8) kadın, 386 (%48,3) erkek. Dil anomalisi saptanan çocuk sayısı 94 (%11,7) idi. En yaygın dil anomalisi fissürlü dildi, bunu ankiloglossi, coğrafi dil ve atrofik dil izledi. Yaşa bağlı olarak fissürlü dil prevalansı artarken coğrafi dil prevalansı azaldı (p=0,00). Coğrafi dilin eşlik ettiği fissür dil anomalisi olan çocuk sayısı 6 (%0,8) idi. Çocukların %5,1'i (n=41) sistemik hastalıklı , %1,5'i (n=12) alerjik, %1,1'i (n=9) sendromikti. Sistemik hastalığı olan 6 çocukta ve sendromik hastaların 1'inde dil anomalisi saptandı, alerji öyküsü olan çocuklarda dil anomalisine rastlanmadı. Dil anomalileri erkeklerde kadınlara göre daha yaygındı.
Sonuç: Pediatrik muayene sırasında dil anomalilerinin değerlendirilmesi, çocuğun yaşam tarzı, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve altta yatan sistemik hastalıkların belirlenmesinde ipuçları sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coğrafik dil, dil anomalileri, fissürlü dil, pediatrik popülasyon, sistemik hastalıklar.

Kaynakça

• Referans1) Lynch MA, Bright man VJ, Greenberg MS. Burket's Oral Medicine. 9th ed.Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1994. p.241-60.
• Referans2) Brouillelte RT, Thach BT. Control of genioglossus muscle inspiratory activity. J Appl Physiol 1980;49(5):801.
• Referans3) Vörös‐Balog T, Vincze N, Banoczy J. Prevalence of tongue lesions in Hungarian children. Oral Dis 2003;9(2):84-7.
• Referans4) Unur M, Kayhan KB, Altop MS, Metin ZB, Keskin Y. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children: a single center study. JIUFD 2015;49(3):29.
• Referans5) Khozeymeh F, Rasti A. The prevalence of tongue abnormalities among the school children in Borazjan, Iran. Dent Res J 2006;3:1.
• Referans6) Majorana A, Bardellini E, Flocchini P, Amadori F, Conti G, Campus G. Oral mucosal lesions in children from 0 to 12 years old: ten years' experience. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;110(1);e13-8.
• Referans7) Ugar-Cankal D, Denizci S, Hocaoglu T. Prevalence of tongue lesions among Turkish schoolchildren. Saudi Med J 2005;26(12):1962-67.
• Referans8) Al-Maweri SA, Al-Soneidar WA, Halboub ES. Oral lesions and dental status among institutionalized orphans in Yemen: A matched case-control study. Contemp Clin Dent 2014;5(1):81.
• Referans9) Järvinen J, Mikkonen JJ, Kullaa AM. Fissured tongue: A sign of tongue edema?. Med Hypotheses 2014;82(6):709-12.
• Referans10) Reamy BV, Derby R, Bunt CW. Common tongue conditions in primary care. Am Fam Physician 2010;81:627–34.
• Referans11) Avcu N, Kanli A. The prevalence of tongue lesions in 5150 Turkish dental outpatients. Oral Dis 2003;9:188-95.
• Referans12) Petersen PE, Estupinan-Day S, Ndiaye C. WHO’s action for continuous improvement in oral health. Bull World Health Organ 2005;83:642.
• Referans13) Kramer IR, Pindborg JJ, Bezroukov V, Infirri JS. Guide to epidemiology and diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases and conditions. World Health Organization. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1980;8:1–26.
• Referans14) Abdullah BA, Ahmed SA, Alzubaidee AFM. Prevalence and Distribution of Oral Conditions among Dental out Patients Children Aged 0–13 Years Attending Khanzad Polyclinic Center in Erbil City. Polytechnic J 2020;10(2):81-6.
• Referans15) Dos Santos PJB, Bessa CFN, De Aguiar MCF, Do Carmo MAV. Cross-sectional study of oral mucosal conditions among a central Amazonian Indian community, Brazil. J Oral Pathol Med 2004; 33(1): 7-12.
• Referans16) Koay C, Lim J, Siar C. The prevalence of tongue lesions in Malaysian dental outpatients from the Klang Valley area. Oral Dis 2011;17(2):210-6.
• Referans17) Shinde SB, Sheikh NN, SR A, Nayak A, KA K, Sande A. Prevalence of tongue lesions in western population of Maharashtra. International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences 2017;3(3): 104-8.
• Referans18) Shayeb MA, Fathy E, Nadeem G, El-Sahn NA, Elsahn H, EL Khader I, et al. Prevalence of most common tongue lesions among a group of UAE population: retrospective study. Oncology and Radiotherapy 2020;14(1):1-5.
• Referans19) Shulman JD. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children and youths in the USA. Int J Paediatr Dent 2005;15(2):89-97.