YENİLİKÇİ DAVRANIŞ ÖLÇEĞİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: Özel Sayı 1, 1 - 18, 13.11.2020

Gamze Sart

Öz

Rapid changes with globalization have made it necessary for individuals to adapt to new situations. Innovation capacity is an important tool for individuals to stand out from their competitors in business or learning life and stand out in competition. The aim of this study is to develop an “innovative behavior scale (IBS)” to determine the innovation trends of individuals. In this process, the first item pool was created. After the scope validity of the items presented to the expert opinions were provided, possible errors and deficiencies were tried to be eliminated with the pilot study and the scale consisting of 30 items took its final form. The application has been carried out for 2422 people who have attended the entrepreneurship trainings of Istanbul University since 2014 and know the concepts of innovation. In order to determine the discriminative power of the items, the item-total correlation was calculated and the significance of the differences between the item averages of the upper 27% and lower 27% groups was examined using the t test. Corrected item total score correlations range between 0.620 and 0.823. The test results showed that all the differences between the item averages of the upper and lower groups were significant. In order to determine the construct validity of the scale, firstly Explanatory Factor Analysis (AFA) was performed and a two-factor structure that explained 68.10% of the total variance was obtained. Cronbach Alpha (CA) values for the reliability criteria for each dimension and CA value for the overall survey were obtained as expected above 0.70. The model fit of the item-factor structure obtained from AFA was tested by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and it was found that the fit indexes of the two-factor structure of the scale were confirmed as a result of good fit decision. Depending on these results; It was determined that the innovative behavior scale consisting of internal innovation and external-social innovation sub-dimensions is a valid and reliable measurement tool.
Keywords: Innovativeness, Innovation Tendency, Validity, Reliability
Jel Classification: C52, L26, L53

Anahtar Kelimeler

yenilik, geçerlik, güvenirlik, ölçek

Kaynakça

• Afuah, A. (2014). Business Model Innovation: Concepts, Analysis, and Cases. New York: Routledge.
• Aghion, P., Reenen, J. V. & Zingales, L. (2013). Innovation and Institutional Ownership. American Economic Review 103(1), 277-304.
• Akgün, A. E., Keskin, H. & Günsel, A. (2009). Bilgi Yönetimi ve Öğrenen Örgütler, Ankara: Eflatun Yayınevi.
• Amara, N., Landry, R. & Doloreux, D. (2009). Patterns Of Innovation in Knowledge Intensive Business Services, The Service Industries Journal, 29(4), 407-430.
• Baden-Fuller, C. & Haefliger, S. (2013) Business Models and Technological Innovation, Long Range Planning, 46(2), 419-426.
• Başaran, S. & Keleş, S. (2015). Yenilikçi Kimdir? Öğretmenlerin Yenilikçilik Düzeylerinin Incelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(4), 106-118.
• Brinkman, W. P. (2009). Design Of A Questionnaire Instrument. Handbook Of Mobile Technology Research Methods, Netherlands: Nova Publisher.
• Boly, V., Morel, L. & Renaud, J. (2003). Towards A Constructivist Approach Of Technological Innovation Management, The International Handbook On Innovation, 1(1), 790-803.
• Bucherer, E., Eisert, U. & Gassmann, O. (2012). Towards Systematic Business Model Innovation: Lessons from Product Innovation Management, Creativity and Innovation Management, 21(1), 183-198.
• Costello, A. B. & Osborne, J. W. (2005). Exploratory Factor Analysis: Four Recommendations For Getting The Most From Your Analysis, Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation, 10(7), 1-9.
• Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları, Ankara: Pegem Yayınları.
• De Propris, L. (2000). Innovation and Inter-firm Co-operation: The Case of the West Midlands. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 9(5), 421-447.
• Drucker, P.F. (2002). The Discipline of Innovation, Massachusetts: Harvard Business Review.
• Goldsmith, R. E. & Foxall, G. R. (2003). The Measurement of Innovativeness, In L.V. Shavinina (Eds.), The international Handbook of Innovation (pp. 321-329). Elsevier Science Ltd.
• Greenhalgh, T., Robert, G., Macfarlane, F., Bate, P., & Kyriakidou, O. (2004). Diffusion of Innovations in Service Organizations: Systematic Review And Recommendations, Milbank Quarterly, 82(4), 581-629.
• Handa, M. & Gupta, N. (2009). Gender Influence On The Innovativeness Of Young Urban Indian Online Shoppers, The Journal of Business Perspective, 13(1), 25-32. Hirschman, E. C. (1980). Innovativeness, Novelty Seeking and Consumer Creativity, The Journal of Consumer Research, 7(1), 283-295.
• Kılıçer, K. & Odabaşı, H. F. (2010). Bireysel Yenilikçilik Ölçeği (BYÖ): Türkçeye Uyarlama, Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 38(1), 150‐164.
• Örün, O., Orhan D., Dönmez, P. & Kurt, A. A. (2015). Öğretmen Adaylarının Bireysel Yenilikçilik Profilleri ve Teknoloji Tutum Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi, Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(1), 65‐76.
• Raykov, T. & Marcoulides, G. A. (2006). A First Course in Structural Equation Modeling. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahlah-New Jersey-London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
• Rogers, E. M. (1983). Diffusion of Innovation, 3rd Ed., New York: The Free Publication.
• Rogers, M. E. (1995). Diffusion of Innovations (Fifth Edition), New York: Free Press.
• Romero, I. & Martínez-Román, J. A. (2012). Self-Employment And Innovation Exploring The Determinants Of Innovative Behavior in Small Businesses, Research Policy, 41(1), 178-189.
• Ruvio, A. & Shoham, A. (2007). Innovativeness, Exploratory Behavior, Market Mavenship, And Opinion Leadership: An Empirical Examination In The Asian Context, Psychology & Marketing, 24(2), 703-722.