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A New Source of Information on Circassians, Kabarda and the Kinjal Battle in the Early 18th Century: A Hebrew Chronicle from the Crimean Khanate

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 10, 273 - 296, 31.05.2020

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı Çerkesler hakkında çalışan araştırmacılara eski bir kaynağın İngilizce çevirisini sunmaktır. El yazması bir kronik olan kaynak, 18'nci yüzyılda Çerkesya'nın Kabardey bölgesinde olan olaylara ve 1681-1730/1 Kinjal (Kanjal) Muharebesi'ne odaklanmaktadır. Kırım'daki Karaim (Karay) Yahudileri arasında bir azınlık mezhebi olan Rabbani cemaatinden Eliezer Lekno'nun oğlu David tarafından İbranice yazılmış olan kroniğin 1730 yıllarında Kırım Hanlığı'nda geçen 22,24,36,47 ve 48'nci bölümlerinin çevirisi sunulmuştur. Kroniğin adı 'dudakların fısıltısı' ya da 'iki dudağın kelamı' olarak çevrilebilecek "Debar Śepatayim (okunuşu Devár Sefatáyim) olarak geçer. Bilgiler Kırım Hanlığı'ndan iki yüksek rütbeli  Müslüman tarafından verildiği için bu şekilde adlandırılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Akhiezer, Golda. “The Historical Chronicle of the 18th Century by Rabbi Azaryah ben Eliya the Karaite from the Crimea”, Kovetz al-Yad 20 (30), (2011): 281-385 (Hebrew).
  • Akhiezer, Golda. The Conquest of the Crimea by the Russian Empire through the Eyes of Karaite Chroniclers, Moscow – Jerusalem: Gesharim 2015 (Russian).
  • Borovoj, Saul Ja. “David Lexno i jego Istorija Krymskogo xanstva”, Istoričeskie Zapiski 10 (1941): 295-299 (Russian).
  • Desaive, Dilek and Özalp Gökbilgin. “Le khanat de Crimée et les campagnes militaires de l'Empire ottoman: Fin du XVIIe-début du XVIIIe siècle, 1687-1736”, Cahiers du Monde Russe et Sovietique 11.1 (1970): 110-117.
  • Finkel A. “David` Lexno, perevod`” Zapiski Odesskago Obščestva Istorii i Drevnostej, 2 (1850), pp. 693-704 (Russian).
  • Krolikowska, Natalia. “The Role of Circassian Slaves in the Foreign and Domestic Policy of the Crimean Khanate in the Early Modern Period” in: Stephan Conermann /Gül Şen (eds.) Slaves and Slave Agency in the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Studies / Osmanistische Studien, Vol. 7 Bonn University Press by V&R Unipress. 2020: 335-372.
  • Riza, Sa‘id Muḥammad. al-seb‘ ol-seyar, ili Sem’ Planet … istoriju krymskix xanov, ed. A.K. Kazem-bek, Kazan 1832 (Ottoman Turkish and Russian).
  • Markon, Isaak. “David` Lexno”, Jevrejskaja Starina, II.3.IV (1910): 599-602 (Russian).
  • Markon, Yiṣḥaq-Dov. “The Book Debar Sepatayim Composed by R. David son of R. Eli‘ezer Lekhno”, Dvir 2 (Berlin 1923): 244-273 (Hebrew).
  • Markon, Yiṣḥaq-Dov. “Seper Debar Śefatayim, ḥibbero R’ David b”r ’Eli‘ezer Leḥno”, Debir 2 (Berlin 1923): 244-273.
  • Markon, Yiṣḥaq-Dov. “Notices from the Book Debar Sepatayim by R. David Lekhno Relating to Jewish History and Jewish Community Life”, Kovetz al-Yad 4:10-14 (1946): 163-179 (Hebrew).
  • Markon, Yiṣḥaq-Dov. “Rešumot mis-seper Debar Śefatayim le-Rabbi David Leḥno, k”y haš-šayyakim le-qorot hay-yehudim we-ḥayyehem hap-penimiyim”, Qobeṣ ‘al Yad 4:10-14 (1946): 163-179.
  • Nogmov, Shora. Istorija adyhejskogo naroda, sostavlennaja po predanijam kabardintsev, Tiflis 1861 (Russian).
  • Shapira, Dan. “The Mamshukh Circassian Jews: A Jewish Community that never existed”, Studia Anthropologica. Festschrift in Honour of Michael Chlenov, ed. by A. Fedorchuk and S. Chlenova, Gesharim: Moscow and Jerusalem 2010: 139-144.
  • Shapira, Dan. “Essay Review: Late Fifteenth-Century Hebrew-into-Ruthenian Translations of Philosophical Treatises and Their Significance. Apropos of: Moshe Taube, introd., ed. and trans., The Logika of the Judaizers. A Fifteenth-Century Ruthenian Translation from Hebrew. Critical Edition of the Slavic Texts Presented alongside Their Hebrew Sources with Introduction, English Translation, and Commentary. Jerusalem: The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 2016. 720 pages, glossaries, index, bibliography”, Aleph 18.2 (2018): 295-312.
  • Shapira, Dan. “Judeo-Turkic Krymchak Texts from the 18th Century Found in Kyiv and Sankt-Peterburg”, Jewish History Quarterly 2020 (forthcoming).

A New Source of Information on Circassians, Kabarda and the Kinjal Battle in the Early 18th Century: A Hebrew Chronicle from the Crimean Khanate

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 10, 273 - 296, 31.05.2020

Öz

The aim of this publication is bringing to the attention of Circassian scholars the new-old source of one of the events in the early 18th century Kabarda territory of Circassia in English translation. Here are translated Chapters 22, 24, 36, 47 and 48 of a Hebrew Chronicle entitled Debar Śepatayim written around 1730 in the Crimean Khanate by David son of Eli‘ezer Lechno/Lekhno, a Rabbi of the Crimean Rabbanite community, a Jewish minority amongst the Jewish-Karaite majority in the Crimea. The chronicle is based on the information provided by two high-ranked Muslim informants from the Crimean Khanate and covers events around the Kinjal Battle between 1681-1730/1.

Kaynakça

  • Akhiezer, Golda. “The Historical Chronicle of the 18th Century by Rabbi Azaryah ben Eliya the Karaite from the Crimea”, Kovetz al-Yad 20 (30), (2011): 281-385 (Hebrew).
  • Akhiezer, Golda. The Conquest of the Crimea by the Russian Empire through the Eyes of Karaite Chroniclers, Moscow – Jerusalem: Gesharim 2015 (Russian).
  • Borovoj, Saul Ja. “David Lexno i jego Istorija Krymskogo xanstva”, Istoričeskie Zapiski 10 (1941): 295-299 (Russian).
  • Desaive, Dilek and Özalp Gökbilgin. “Le khanat de Crimée et les campagnes militaires de l'Empire ottoman: Fin du XVIIe-début du XVIIIe siècle, 1687-1736”, Cahiers du Monde Russe et Sovietique 11.1 (1970): 110-117.
  • Finkel A. “David` Lexno, perevod`” Zapiski Odesskago Obščestva Istorii i Drevnostej, 2 (1850), pp. 693-704 (Russian).
  • Krolikowska, Natalia. “The Role of Circassian Slaves in the Foreign and Domestic Policy of the Crimean Khanate in the Early Modern Period” in: Stephan Conermann /Gül Şen (eds.) Slaves and Slave Agency in the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Studies / Osmanistische Studien, Vol. 7 Bonn University Press by V&R Unipress. 2020: 335-372.
  • Riza, Sa‘id Muḥammad. al-seb‘ ol-seyar, ili Sem’ Planet … istoriju krymskix xanov, ed. A.K. Kazem-bek, Kazan 1832 (Ottoman Turkish and Russian).
  • Markon, Isaak. “David` Lexno”, Jevrejskaja Starina, II.3.IV (1910): 599-602 (Russian).
  • Markon, Yiṣḥaq-Dov. “The Book Debar Sepatayim Composed by R. David son of R. Eli‘ezer Lekhno”, Dvir 2 (Berlin 1923): 244-273 (Hebrew).
  • Markon, Yiṣḥaq-Dov. “Seper Debar Śefatayim, ḥibbero R’ David b”r ’Eli‘ezer Leḥno”, Debir 2 (Berlin 1923): 244-273.
  • Markon, Yiṣḥaq-Dov. “Notices from the Book Debar Sepatayim by R. David Lekhno Relating to Jewish History and Jewish Community Life”, Kovetz al-Yad 4:10-14 (1946): 163-179 (Hebrew).
  • Markon, Yiṣḥaq-Dov. “Rešumot mis-seper Debar Śefatayim le-Rabbi David Leḥno, k”y haš-šayyakim le-qorot hay-yehudim we-ḥayyehem hap-penimiyim”, Qobeṣ ‘al Yad 4:10-14 (1946): 163-179.
  • Nogmov, Shora. Istorija adyhejskogo naroda, sostavlennaja po predanijam kabardintsev, Tiflis 1861 (Russian).
  • Shapira, Dan. “The Mamshukh Circassian Jews: A Jewish Community that never existed”, Studia Anthropologica. Festschrift in Honour of Michael Chlenov, ed. by A. Fedorchuk and S. Chlenova, Gesharim: Moscow and Jerusalem 2010: 139-144.
  • Shapira, Dan. “Essay Review: Late Fifteenth-Century Hebrew-into-Ruthenian Translations of Philosophical Treatises and Their Significance. Apropos of: Moshe Taube, introd., ed. and trans., The Logika of the Judaizers. A Fifteenth-Century Ruthenian Translation from Hebrew. Critical Edition of the Slavic Texts Presented alongside Their Hebrew Sources with Introduction, English Translation, and Commentary. Jerusalem: The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 2016. 720 pages, glossaries, index, bibliography”, Aleph 18.2 (2018): 295-312.
  • Shapira, Dan. “Judeo-Turkic Krymchak Texts from the 18th Century Found in Kyiv and Sankt-Peterburg”, Jewish History Quarterly 2020 (forthcoming).
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Belge Yayını
Çevirmenler

Dan Shapira

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 10

Kaynak Göster

MLA Shapira, Dan, çeviren. “A New Source of Information on Circassians, Kabarda and the Kinjal Battle in the Early 18th Century: A Hebrew Chronicle from the Crimean Khanate”. Kafkasya Çalışmaları, c. 5, sy. 10, 2020, ss. 273-96.
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