Computational Design Approaches in Urban Design: Cellular Automata-Based Model Framework

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 827 - 851, 16.05.2024

Emirhan Coşkun

https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1445095

Öz

Technological developments have enabled the acceleration of a shift from Computer Aided Design to Computational Design. The productive structure of Computational Design plays an important role in revealing the mechanisms that make up traditional design thinking. The traditional design thinking approach lacks an explicit structure for understanding and formulating the design process, the mechanisms involved, and the formation of design knowledge and representation. As a result, it is difficult to develop productive and evaluative knowledge. In contrast, the computational design approach facilitates the discovery of tacit knowledge, leading to the creation of productive and evaluative knowledge. The aim of this study is to create a learning framework for using the productive and evaluative knowledge discovered through the computational design approach in urban design. The study will discuss how to handle Cellular Automata, one of the most frequently used generative systems that reflects computational design thinking, in the context of urban design. This section will analyse the contributions of the generative method in the context of urban design, after discussing the computational thinking and approach methods used in Cellular Automata studies. Cellular Automata approaches are useful in urban development scenarios as they allow for the recognition of relationships and patterns between parts, and rediscovery of them during and after the generative process. They develop the ability to see the whole from the parts. It is important to maintain objectivity and avoid biased language.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urban Design, Computational Design, Cellular Automata, Generative Systems, Geographic Information Systems

Kentsel Tasarımda Hesaplamalı Tasarım Yaklaşımların Kullanılması Hücresel Otomata Tabanlı Model Çerçevesi

Öz

Teknolojik gelişmeler Bilgisayar Destekli Tasarımdan Hesaplamalı Tasarıma doğru bir yönelimin hız kazanmasına olanak sağlamıştır. Bu yönelimde Hesaplamalı Tasarımın sahip olduğu üretken yapının, geleneksel tasarım düşüncesini oluşturan mekanizmaları anlama ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmada önemli bir yeri vardır. Geleneksel tasarım düşüncesinin sahip olduğu örtük yapı, tasarım sürecinin nasıl gerçekleştiği, tasarım sürecinde hangi mekanizmaların yer aldığı, tasarım bilgisinin ve temsilin nasıl oluştuğu anlamamıza ve formüle etmemize izin vermediğinden üretken ve değerlendirici bir bilgiden söz etmek mümkün olmamaktadır. Hesaplamalı tasarım yaklaşımı geleneksel tasarım düşüncesindeki örtük bilginin keşfedilmesini sağlayarak üretken ve değerlendirici bir bilgi oluşturur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Hesaplamalı tasarım yaklaşımının keşfetmemizi sağladığı üretken ve değerlendirici bilginin kentsel tasarımda kullanımına yönelik bir öğrenme çerçevesini oluşturma düşüncesinden ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Hesaplamalı tasarım düşüncesinin yansıması olan ve oldukça sık kullanılan üretken sistemlerden Hücresel Otomatların (Cellular Automata) kentsel tasarım bağlamında nasıl ele alınabileceği tartışılacaktır. Hücresel Otomata çalışmalarında hesaplama düşüncesi ve yaklaşım yöntemleri tartışıldıktan sonra kentsel tasarım bağlamında bu üretken yöntemin katkıları incelenecektir. Hücresel Otomata yaklaşımları, parçalardan bütünü görme, parçalar arasındaki ilişkileri ve örüntüleri fark etme ve bunları üretken süreç sırasında ve sonrasında yeniden keşfetme yeteneğini geliştiren keşifsel süreçler olduğundan, özellikle kentsel gelişim senaryolarının bir parçası olmak açısından önemli bir role sahip olmaktadırlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kentsel Tasarım, Hesaplamalı Tasarım, Hücresel Otomata, Üretken Sistemler, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri

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