Dijital Finansal Okuryazarlığın Yatırım Tercihlerine Etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 56 - 78, 08.01.2024

Özlem Saydar

Öz

Son yıllarda hemen her alanda kullanılmaya başlayan dijitalleşme, finansal ürün ve hizmetlerin de zamanla değişim ve dönüşüme uğramasına neden olmuştur. Dijital finansal okuryazarlık kavramı finansal işlemler için finansal teknolojiye dayalı ürün ve hizmetleri kullanan kişilerin risk algısını ve yatırım kararlarını etkileyebilecek potansiyele sahiptir. Çalışmanın hazırlanma gerekçesi finansal teknolojinin Türkiye’deki yatırımcılar arasında bilinirliğini araştırarak dijital finansal okuryazarlığın yatırım kararlarına etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmaya finansal kararlarda dijital dünyanın ne derece etkili olduğunu araştırmak ve Türkiye piyasasında faaliyet gösteren yatırımcıların dijital okuryazarlık seviyelerini görmek amacıyla ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Yatırımcıların finansal işlemlerde teknoloji kullanımı konusundaki farkındalıkları ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu kapsamda finans piyasalarında aktif yatırımı bulunan 307 kişiden anket yöntemiyle elde edilen bilgiler derlenerek regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma için tümü internet erişimi yoluyla olmak üzere 500 bireysel yatırımcıya anket formu gönderilmiş, bunlardan 307 geçerli anket analize dahil edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre yatırımcıların dijital finansal okuryazarlıkları geliştikçe finansal teknolojiye dayalı yatırım ürünlerini tercih etme eğilimlerinin artacağı ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dijital finansal okuryazarlık, yatırım tercihi, finansal okuryazarlık, finansal teknoloji

The Effect of Digital Financial Literacy on Investment Preference

Öz

Digitalization, which has been used in almost every field in recent years, has also caused financial products and services to change and transform over time. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of digital financial literacy on investment decisions by investigating the awareness of financial technology among investors in Turkey. The study was needed to investigate how effective the digital world is in financial decisions and to see the digital literacy levels of investors operating in the Turkish market. It has been tried to measure the awareness of investors about the use of technology. For the research, a questionnaire was sent to 500 individual investors, all via Internet access, and 307 valid questionnaires were included in the analysis. According to the results, it has been revealed that as the digital financial literacy of investors improves, their tendency to prefer investment products based on financial technology will increase.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dijital finansal okuryazarlık, yatırım tercihi, finansal okuryazarlık, finansal teknoloji

Kaynakça

• Aggarwal, P. & Gupta, A. (2016). Accelerated fMRI reconstruction using Matrix Completion with Sparse Recovery via Split Bregman. Neurocomputing. 216: 319-330.
• Akgül, A. & Cevik, O. (2005). İstatistiksel Analiz Teknikleri (2. Basım). Emek Ofset Yayınevi.
• Arif, K. (2015). Financial Literacy and Other Factors Influencing Individuals’Investment Decision: Evidence From Developing Economy. Journal of Poverty, Investment And Development, 12, 74- 84.
• BIS-Bank for International Settlements, (2019). Big tech in finance: opportunities and risks, in BIS Annual Economic Report, 2019, pp. 55–79.
• BIS and World Bank, (2016). Payment aspects of financial inclusion, www.worldbank.org, p.45.
• Fettahoğlu, S., & Kıldıze, D. (2019). Dijital Finansal Okuryazarlık ve Bireylerin Finansal Teknoloji Kullanma Konusundaki Tutumları. Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt 12, Ağustos 2019.
• Finau, G. & Rika, N. & Samuwai, J. and Mcgoon, J. (2016). Perceptions of Digital Financial Services in Rural Fiji. Information Technologies & International Development, 12(4), 11-21.
• Genberg, H. (2020). Digital transformation: some ımplications for financial and macroeconomic stability. Asian Development Bank Institute, http://hdl.handle.net/11540/12003.
• George, D. ve Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference. 17.0 update (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson.
• Gilster, P., & Glister, P. (1997). Digital literacy (p. 1). New York: Wiley Computer Pub.. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/8413655/diglit-libre.pdf?1390855345=&responsecontent-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DDigital_Literacy.pdf
• Hair, J.F. & Black, W.C. & Babin, B.J. and Anderson, R.E (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis A Global Perspective. Pearson (7th Ed.). Global Edition.
• Hattie, J. (1985). Methodology review: Assessing unidimensionality of tests and terms. Applied Psychological Measurement. 9(2), 139-164.
• Hospido, L. & Villanueva, E. and Zamarro, G. (2015). Finance for All: The Impact of Financial Literacy Training in Compulsory Secondary Education in Spain. Banco de Espana Working Paper, No. 1502.
• Lankshear, C. & Knobel, M (2003). New literacies: Changing knowledge and classroom practice. Open University Press, 1st Ed., Buckingham, UK.
• Lee, M. C. (2009). Factors influencing the adoption of internet banking: An integration of TAM and TPB with perceived risk and perceived benefits. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 8(3), 130- 141.
• Lusardi, A., Michaud, P. & Mitchell, O. (2013). “Optimal Financial Knowledge and Wealth Inequality.” National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper, 18669.
• Morris, T. and Koffi , V. (2015). The Link Between Financial Literacy and Education of Canadian University Students. International Journal of Innovation and Research In Educational Sciences, 2(3), 160-170.
• Ng, W. (2012). Empowering scientific literacy through digital literacy & multiliteracies. Nova Science Publishers, ISBN:1621007685. New York, United States.
• Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill, New York.
• OECD/INFE. (2019). OECD/INFE Report on financial education in APEC Economies. https://www.oecd.org/financial/education/2019-financial-education-in-apec-economies.pdf
• Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket Programlar ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi (1. Basım). Eskişehir: Kaan Kitapevi. Park, Y. J. (2011). Digital literacy and privacy behavior online. Communication Research, 40(2), 215- 236
• Potrich, A. C. G. & Vieira, K. M. & Coronel, D. A. and Bender Filho, R. (2015). Financial literacy in Southern Brazil: Modeling and invariance between genders. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 6, 1–12.
• Saini, A. (2019). Digital financial literacy: Awareness and access. International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering Vol. 9 Issue 4, April, ISSN: 2249-0558 Impact Factor: 7.119
• Servon & Kaestner (2008). Consumer financial literacy and the impact of online banking on the financial behavior of lower‐income bank customers. Journal of Consumer Affairs, June 2008, 42(2):271 – 305.
• Shih, T. Y. & Ke, S. C. (2014). Determinates of financial behavior: Insights ınto consumer money attitudes and financial literacy. Service Business, 8, 217-238.
• Sipahi, B. & Yurtkoru, S. E. ve Çinko, M. (2006). Sosyal Bilimlerde SPSS’le Veri Analizi. Beta Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
• Totenhagen, C. J.&Deborah, C. M.& Faber, K. M. & Bosch, L. A. & Wiggs, C. B. ve Lynne , B. M. (2015). Youth Financial Literacy: A Review of Key Considerations and Promising Delivery Methods. J Fam Econ Iss, 36, 167-191.
• Van Rooij, M. C. J. & Lusardi, A. and Alessie, R. J. M. (2012). Financial literacy, retirement planning and household wealth. The Economic Journal, 122(560), 449–478.