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Çocuklarda Yeşil Çay Kullanımının Dental ve Periodontal Sağlığa Etkileri

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 44 Sayı: 5, 738 - 746, 29.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1031948

Öz

Diş çürüğü ve periodontal hastalıkların önlenmesinde öncelikle iyi oral hijyen gereklidir. Antimikrobiyal, antienflamatuar ve antiplak özellikli gargaralar mekanik temizleme yapılamadığı durumlarda oral hijyen sağlamada büyük öneme sahiptir. Yaygın bulunan bir içecek olan yeşil çayın içeriğindeki polifenollerin iyileştirici etkileri birçok çalışmada bildirilmiştir. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, yeşil çayda bulunan başlıca polifenoldür. Antioksidan, antienflamatuar, antibakteriyel ve antikanserojenik özellikleriyle biyolojik olarak en aktif olanıdır. Yeşil çayın ağız ve diş sağlığına etkilerine yönelik birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu derlemede yeşil çayın çocuklarda kullanımının dental ve periodontal sağlığa etkileriyle ilgili güncel literatür bilgileri derlenmiştir. Kullanımında yaş aralığının daha geniş olması, çoğunlukla herhangi bir yan etkisinin olmaması, sınırlı kullanım süresinin olmaması, yutulmasında bir sakınca olmaması gibi özellikleri yeşil çayın klorheksidin vb. gargaralara karşı başlıca avantajlarıdır. Sağlıklı bir ağız için kolay bulunabilen, düşük maliyetli bir bitki olan yeşil çay faydalı bir ajan olabilir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

  • 1. Farnsworth NR, Akerele O, Bingel AS, Soejarto DD, Guo Z. Medicinal plants in therapy. Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63(6):965-81.
  • 2. Spille G. Caffeine, Chapter 3. Tea: The Plant and Its Manufacture; Chemistry and Consumption of the Beverage. CRC Press; 1997. p. 1-38.
  • 3. Chopade V, Phatak A, Upaganlawar A, Tankar A. Green tea (Camellia sinensis): Chemistry, traditional, medicinal uses and its pharmacological activities-a review. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2008;2(3):157.
  • 4. McKay DL, Blumberg JB. The role of tea in human health: an update. J Am Coll Nutr. 2002;21(1):1-13.
  • 5. Chacko SM, Thambi PT, Kuttan R, Nishigaki I. Beneficial effects of green tea: a literature review. Chin Med. 2010;5(1):13.
  • 6. de Pace RC, Liu X, Sun M, Nie S, Zhang J, Cai Q, et al. Anticancer activities of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate encapsulated nanoliposomes in MCF7 breast cancer cells. J Liposome Res. 2013;23(3):187-96.
  • 7. Basu A, Lucas EA. Mechanisms and effects of green tea on cardiovascular health. Nutr Rev. 2007;65(8 Pt 1):361-75.
  • 8. Nanjo F, Mori M, Goto K, Hara Y. Radical scavenging activity of tea catechins and their related compounds. Biosci Biotech Bioch. 1999;63(9):1621-3.
  • 9. Belobrov S, Seers C, Reynolds E, Cirillo N, McCullough M. Functional and molecular effects of a green tea constituent on oral cancer cells. J Oral Pathol Med. 2019;48(7):604-10.
  • 10. Crespy V, Williamson G. A review of the health effects of green tea catechins in in vivo animal models. J Nutr. 2004;134(12 Suppl):3431S-40S.
  • 11. Khan N, Mukhtar H. Tea polyphenols for health promotion. Life Sci. 2007;81(7):519-33.
  • 12. Sasazuki S, Kodama H, Yoshimasu K, Liu Y, Washio M, Tanaka K, et al. Relation between green tea consumption and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis among Japanese men and women. Annals of Epidemiology. 2000;10(6):401-8.
  • 13. Peters U, Poole C, Arab L. Does Tea Affect Cardiovascular Disease? A Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2001;154(6):495-503.
  • 14. Takabayashi F, Harada N, Yamada M, Murohisa B, Oguni I. Inhibitory effect of green tea catechins in combination with sucralfate on Helicobacter pylori infection in Mongolian gerbils. J Gastroenterol. 2004;39(1):61-3.
  • 15. Yee YK, Koo MW. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Chinese tea: in vitro study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000;14(5):635-8.
  • 16. Yee YK, Koo MW, Szeto ML. Chinese tea consumption and lower risk of Helicobacter infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17(5):552-5.
  • 17. Gu Q, Hu C, Chen Q, Xia Y, Feng J, Yang H. Development of a rat model by 3, 4-benzopyrene intra-pulmonary injection and evaluation of the effect of green tea drinking on p53 and bcl-2 expression in lung carcinoma. Cancer detection prevention. 2009;32(5-6):444-51.
  • 18. Butt MS, Ahmad RS, Sultan MT, Qayyum MM, Naz A. Green tea and anticancer perspectives: updates from last decade. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55(6):792-805.
  • 19. Thangapazham RL, Singh AK, Sharma A, Warren J, Gaddipati JP, Maheshwari RK. Green tea polyphenols and its constituent epigallocatechin gallate inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett. 2007;245(1-2):232-41.
  • 20. Henning SM, Wang P, Said J, Magyar C, Castor B, Doan N, et al. Polyphenols in brewed green tea inhibit prostate tumor xenograft growth by localizing to the tumor and decreasing oxidative stress and angiogenesis. J Nutr Biochem. 2012;23(11):1537-42.
  • 21. Kanwar J, Taskeen M, Mohammad I, Huo C, Chan TH, Dou QP. Recent advances on tea polyphenols. Frontiers in bioscience. 2012;4:111.
  • 22. Nagao T, Hase T, Tokimitsu I. A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15(6):1473-83.
  • 23. Reygaert WC. The antimicrobial possibilities of green tea. Front Microbiol. 2014;5:434.
  • 24. Armidin RP, Yanti GN. Effectiveness of Rinsing Black Tea Compared to Green Tea in Decreasing Streptococcus mutans. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(22):3799-802.
  • 25. Vilela MM, Salvador SL, Teixeira IGL, Del Arco MCG, De Rossi A. Efficacy of green tea and its extract, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, in the reduction of cariogenic microbiota in children: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Oral Biol. 2020;114:104727.
  • 26. Sarin S, Marya C, Nagpal R, Oberoi SS, Rekhi A. Preliminary Clinical Evidence of the Antiplaque, Antigingivitis Efficacy of a Mouthwash Containing 2% Green Tea - A Randomised Clinical Trial. Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. 2015;13(3):197-203.
  • 27. Yun JH, Pang EK, Kim CS, Yoo YJ, Cho KS, Chai JK, et al. Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and on the formation of osteoclasts. J Periodontal Res. 2004;39(5):300-7.
  • 28. Rassameemasmaung S, Phusudsawang P, Sangalungkarn V. Effect of green tea mouthwash on oral malodor. ISRN Prev Med [Internet]. 2013 2013; 2013:[975148 p.].
  • 29. Morin MP, Bedran TB, Fournier-Larente J, Haas B, Azelmat J, Grenier D. Green tea extract and its major constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibit growth and halitosis-related properties of Solobacterium moorei. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015;15:48.
  • 30. Carlson JR, Bauer BA, Vincent A, Limburg PJ, Wilson T. Reading the tea leaves: anticarcinogenic properties of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82(6):725-32.
  • 31. Elattar T, Virji AS. Effect of tea polyphenols on growth of oral squamous carcinoma cells in vitro. Anticancer research. 2000;20(5B):3459-65.
  • 32. Irimie AI, Braicu C, Zanoaga O, Pileczki V, Gherman C, Berindan-Neagoe I, et al. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis and autophagy in oral cancer SSC-4 cells. OncoTargets and therapy. 2015;8:461.
  • 33. Malinowska E, Inkielewicz I, Czarnowski W, Szefer P. Assessment of fluoride concentration and daily intake by human from tea and herbal infusions. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008;46(3):1055-61.
  • 34. Suyama E, Tamura T, Ozawa T, Suzuki A, Iijima Y, Saito T. Remineralization and acid resistance of enamel lesions after chewing gum containing fluoride extracted from green tea. Australian dental journal. 2011;56(4):394-400.
  • 35. Schonthal AH. Adverse effects of concentrated green tea extracts. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011;55(6):874-85.
  • 36. Mira L, Fernandez MT, Santos M, Rocha R, Florencio MH, Jennings KR. Interactions of flavonoids with iron and copper ions: a mechanism for their antioxidant activity. Free Radical Res. 2002;36(11):1199-208.
  • 37. Samman S, Sandstrom B, Toft MB, Bukhave K, Jensen M, Sorensen SS, et al. Green tea or rosemary extract added to foods reduces nonheme-iron absorption. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(3):607-12.
  • 38. Zeyuan D, Bingying T, Xiaolin L, Jinming H, Yifeng C. Effect of green tea and black tea on the metabolisms of mineral elements in old rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1998;65(1):75-86.
  • 39. Yamane T, Nakatani H, Kikuoka N, Matsumoto H, Iwata Y, Kitao Y, et al. Inhibitory effects and toxicity of green tea polyphenols for gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. Cancer. 1996;77(8 Suppl):1662-7.
  • 40. Mazzanti G, Di Sotto A, Vitalone A. Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update. Arch Toxicol. 2015;89(8):1175-91.
  • 41. Addy M. Chlorhexidine compared with other locally delivered antimicrobials. A short review. J Clin Periodontol. 1986;13(10):957-64.
  • 42. Moghbel A, Farajzadeh A, Aghel N, Agheli H, Raisi N. Formulation and evaluation of green tea mouthwash: A new, safe and nontoxic product for children and pregnant women. Toxicology Letters. 2009;189(189):S257-S.
  • 43. Karim B, Bhaskar DJ, Agali C, Gupta D, Gupta RK, Jain A, et al. Effect of Aloe vera mouthwash on periodontal health: triple blind randomized control trial. Oral health dental management. 2014;13(1):14-9.
  • 44. Ali AMM, Ahmed WH, Abd El-Baky RM, Amer ME. Antibacterial efficacy of green tea mouth rinse in children with early childhood caries. Tanta Dental Journal. 2019;16(1):6.
  • 45. Hegde RJ, Kamath S. Comparison of the Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus colony count changes in saliva following chlorhexidine (0.12%) mouth rinse, combination mouth rinse, and green tea extract (0.5%) mouth rinse in children. Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2017;35(2):150-5.
  • 46. Tehrani MH, Asghari G, Hajiahmadi M. Comparing Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus colony count changes following green tea mouth rinse or sodium fluoride mouth rinse use in children (Randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial). Dental research journal. 2011;8(Suppl1):S58.
  • 47. Thomas A, Thakur SR, Shetty SB. Anti-microbial efficacy of green tea and chlorhexidine mouth rinses against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli spp. and Candida albicans in children with severe early childhood caries: A randomized clinical study. Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2016;34(1):65-70.
  • 48. Sajadi FS, Rostamizadeh M, Hasheminejad J, Hasheminejad N, Borna R, Bazrafshani M. Effect of Chlorhexidine, Fluoride and Green Tea Oral Gel on Pediatric Salivary Cariogenic Bacteria: A Clinical Trial Study. Int J Pediatr-Massha. 2021;9(7):13947-56.
  • 49. Ferrazzano GF, Roberto L, Amato I, Cantile T, Sangianantoni G, Ingenito A. Antimicrobial properties of green tea extract against cariogenic microflora: an in vivo study. J Med Food. 2011;14(9):907-11.
  • 50. Goyal AK, Bhat M, Sharma M, Garg M, Khairwa A, Garg R. Effect of green tea mouth rinse on Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva in children: An in vivo study. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics Preventive Dentistry. 2017;35(1):41.
  • 51. Salama MT, Alsughier ZA. Effect of Green Tea Extract Mouthwash on Salivary Streptococcus mutans Counts in a Group of Preschool Children: An In Vivo Study. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry. 2019;12(2):133-8.
  • 52. Ahmadi MH, Sarrami L, Yegdaneh A, Homayoni A, Bakhtiyari Z, Danaeifar N, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Green Tea Mouth Rinse and Green Tea Gel on the Salivary Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus Colony Count in 12-18-year-old Teenagers: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Contemporary clinical dentistry. 2019;10(1):81-5.
  • 53. Antunes DP, Salvia ACRD, de Araújo RM, Di Nicoló R, Koga Ito CY, de Araujo MAM. Effect of green tea extract and mouthwash without alcohol on Candida albicans biofilm on acrylic resin. Gerodontology. 2015;32(4):291-5.
  • 54. Tafazoli A, Tafazoli Moghadam E. Camellia Sinensis Mouthwashes in Oral Care: a Systematic Review. Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran). 2020;21(4):249-62.
  • 55. Evensen NA, Braun PC. The effects of tea polyphenols on Candida albicans: inhibition of biofilm formation and proteasome inactivation. Can J Microbiol. 2009;55(9):1033-9.
  • 56. Kamalaksharappa SK, Rai R, Babaji P, Pradeep MC. Efficacy of probiotic and green tea mouthrinse on salivary pH. Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2018;36(3):279-82.
  • 57. Manikandan S, Behera S, Karthikeyan R, Niranjana A, Bharathan R, Mohammed OFB. Effect of Green Tea Extract Mouthrinse and Probiotic Mouthrinse on Salivary pH in a Group of Schoolchildren: An In Vivo Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2020;12(Suppl 1):S404-S9.
  • 58. Hambire CU, Jawade R, Patil A, Wani VR, Kulkarni AA, Nehete PB. Comparing the antiplaque efficacy of 0.5% Camellia sinensis extract, 0.05% sodium fluoride, and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash in children. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015;5(3):218-26.
  • 59. Deshpande A, Deshpande N, Raol R, Patel K, Jaiswal V, Wadhwa M. Effect of green tea, ginger plus green tea, and chlorhexidine mouthwash on plaque-induced gingivitis: A randomized clinical trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2021;25(4):307-12.
  • 60. Abdelmegid F, Al-Agamy M, Alwohaibi A, Ka'abi H, Salama F. Effect of Honey and Green Tea Solutions on Streptococcus mutans. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2015;39(5):435-41.

Effects of Green Tea Use on Dental and Periodontal Health in Children

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 44 Sayı: 5, 738 - 746, 29.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1031948

Öz

Oral hygiene is essential for prevention of dental caries and periodontal diseases. If mechanical cleaning cannot be performed, mouthwashes, which have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antiplaque effects, are of great importance in providing oral hygiene. The healing effects of polyphenols in content of green tea, which is a common beverage, have been reported in many studies. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is major polyphenol found in green tea. It is most biologically active with its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial and anticarcinogenic properties.In this review, current literature information has been compiled dental and periodontal effects of green tea use in children. Green tea; Chlorhexidine etc. features such as wide age range in its use, mostly no side effects, no limited usage period, no harm in swallowing. are its main advantages over mouthwashes. Green tea, an easy-to-find, low-cost herb for oral healthy can be a beneficial agent.

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

  • 1. Farnsworth NR, Akerele O, Bingel AS, Soejarto DD, Guo Z. Medicinal plants in therapy. Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63(6):965-81.
  • 2. Spille G. Caffeine, Chapter 3. Tea: The Plant and Its Manufacture; Chemistry and Consumption of the Beverage. CRC Press; 1997. p. 1-38.
  • 3. Chopade V, Phatak A, Upaganlawar A, Tankar A. Green tea (Camellia sinensis): Chemistry, traditional, medicinal uses and its pharmacological activities-a review. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2008;2(3):157.
  • 4. McKay DL, Blumberg JB. The role of tea in human health: an update. J Am Coll Nutr. 2002;21(1):1-13.
  • 5. Chacko SM, Thambi PT, Kuttan R, Nishigaki I. Beneficial effects of green tea: a literature review. Chin Med. 2010;5(1):13.
  • 6. de Pace RC, Liu X, Sun M, Nie S, Zhang J, Cai Q, et al. Anticancer activities of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate encapsulated nanoliposomes in MCF7 breast cancer cells. J Liposome Res. 2013;23(3):187-96.
  • 7. Basu A, Lucas EA. Mechanisms and effects of green tea on cardiovascular health. Nutr Rev. 2007;65(8 Pt 1):361-75.
  • 8. Nanjo F, Mori M, Goto K, Hara Y. Radical scavenging activity of tea catechins and their related compounds. Biosci Biotech Bioch. 1999;63(9):1621-3.
  • 9. Belobrov S, Seers C, Reynolds E, Cirillo N, McCullough M. Functional and molecular effects of a green tea constituent on oral cancer cells. J Oral Pathol Med. 2019;48(7):604-10.
  • 10. Crespy V, Williamson G. A review of the health effects of green tea catechins in in vivo animal models. J Nutr. 2004;134(12 Suppl):3431S-40S.
  • 11. Khan N, Mukhtar H. Tea polyphenols for health promotion. Life Sci. 2007;81(7):519-33.
  • 12. Sasazuki S, Kodama H, Yoshimasu K, Liu Y, Washio M, Tanaka K, et al. Relation between green tea consumption and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis among Japanese men and women. Annals of Epidemiology. 2000;10(6):401-8.
  • 13. Peters U, Poole C, Arab L. Does Tea Affect Cardiovascular Disease? A Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2001;154(6):495-503.
  • 14. Takabayashi F, Harada N, Yamada M, Murohisa B, Oguni I. Inhibitory effect of green tea catechins in combination with sucralfate on Helicobacter pylori infection in Mongolian gerbils. J Gastroenterol. 2004;39(1):61-3.
  • 15. Yee YK, Koo MW. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Chinese tea: in vitro study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000;14(5):635-8.
  • 16. Yee YK, Koo MW, Szeto ML. Chinese tea consumption and lower risk of Helicobacter infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17(5):552-5.
  • 17. Gu Q, Hu C, Chen Q, Xia Y, Feng J, Yang H. Development of a rat model by 3, 4-benzopyrene intra-pulmonary injection and evaluation of the effect of green tea drinking on p53 and bcl-2 expression in lung carcinoma. Cancer detection prevention. 2009;32(5-6):444-51.
  • 18. Butt MS, Ahmad RS, Sultan MT, Qayyum MM, Naz A. Green tea and anticancer perspectives: updates from last decade. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55(6):792-805.
  • 19. Thangapazham RL, Singh AK, Sharma A, Warren J, Gaddipati JP, Maheshwari RK. Green tea polyphenols and its constituent epigallocatechin gallate inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett. 2007;245(1-2):232-41.
  • 20. Henning SM, Wang P, Said J, Magyar C, Castor B, Doan N, et al. Polyphenols in brewed green tea inhibit prostate tumor xenograft growth by localizing to the tumor and decreasing oxidative stress and angiogenesis. J Nutr Biochem. 2012;23(11):1537-42.
  • 21. Kanwar J, Taskeen M, Mohammad I, Huo C, Chan TH, Dou QP. Recent advances on tea polyphenols. Frontiers in bioscience. 2012;4:111.
  • 22. Nagao T, Hase T, Tokimitsu I. A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15(6):1473-83.
  • 23. Reygaert WC. The antimicrobial possibilities of green tea. Front Microbiol. 2014;5:434.
  • 24. Armidin RP, Yanti GN. Effectiveness of Rinsing Black Tea Compared to Green Tea in Decreasing Streptococcus mutans. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(22):3799-802.
  • 25. Vilela MM, Salvador SL, Teixeira IGL, Del Arco MCG, De Rossi A. Efficacy of green tea and its extract, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, in the reduction of cariogenic microbiota in children: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Oral Biol. 2020;114:104727.
  • 26. Sarin S, Marya C, Nagpal R, Oberoi SS, Rekhi A. Preliminary Clinical Evidence of the Antiplaque, Antigingivitis Efficacy of a Mouthwash Containing 2% Green Tea - A Randomised Clinical Trial. Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. 2015;13(3):197-203.
  • 27. Yun JH, Pang EK, Kim CS, Yoo YJ, Cho KS, Chai JK, et al. Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and on the formation of osteoclasts. J Periodontal Res. 2004;39(5):300-7.
  • 28. Rassameemasmaung S, Phusudsawang P, Sangalungkarn V. Effect of green tea mouthwash on oral malodor. ISRN Prev Med [Internet]. 2013 2013; 2013:[975148 p.].
  • 29. Morin MP, Bedran TB, Fournier-Larente J, Haas B, Azelmat J, Grenier D. Green tea extract and its major constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibit growth and halitosis-related properties of Solobacterium moorei. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015;15:48.
  • 30. Carlson JR, Bauer BA, Vincent A, Limburg PJ, Wilson T. Reading the tea leaves: anticarcinogenic properties of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82(6):725-32.
  • 31. Elattar T, Virji AS. Effect of tea polyphenols on growth of oral squamous carcinoma cells in vitro. Anticancer research. 2000;20(5B):3459-65.
  • 32. Irimie AI, Braicu C, Zanoaga O, Pileczki V, Gherman C, Berindan-Neagoe I, et al. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis and autophagy in oral cancer SSC-4 cells. OncoTargets and therapy. 2015;8:461.
  • 33. Malinowska E, Inkielewicz I, Czarnowski W, Szefer P. Assessment of fluoride concentration and daily intake by human from tea and herbal infusions. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008;46(3):1055-61.
  • 34. Suyama E, Tamura T, Ozawa T, Suzuki A, Iijima Y, Saito T. Remineralization and acid resistance of enamel lesions after chewing gum containing fluoride extracted from green tea. Australian dental journal. 2011;56(4):394-400.
  • 35. Schonthal AH. Adverse effects of concentrated green tea extracts. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011;55(6):874-85.
  • 36. Mira L, Fernandez MT, Santos M, Rocha R, Florencio MH, Jennings KR. Interactions of flavonoids with iron and copper ions: a mechanism for their antioxidant activity. Free Radical Res. 2002;36(11):1199-208.
  • 37. Samman S, Sandstrom B, Toft MB, Bukhave K, Jensen M, Sorensen SS, et al. Green tea or rosemary extract added to foods reduces nonheme-iron absorption. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(3):607-12.
  • 38. Zeyuan D, Bingying T, Xiaolin L, Jinming H, Yifeng C. Effect of green tea and black tea on the metabolisms of mineral elements in old rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1998;65(1):75-86.
  • 39. Yamane T, Nakatani H, Kikuoka N, Matsumoto H, Iwata Y, Kitao Y, et al. Inhibitory effects and toxicity of green tea polyphenols for gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. Cancer. 1996;77(8 Suppl):1662-7.
  • 40. Mazzanti G, Di Sotto A, Vitalone A. Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update. Arch Toxicol. 2015;89(8):1175-91.
  • 41. Addy M. Chlorhexidine compared with other locally delivered antimicrobials. A short review. J Clin Periodontol. 1986;13(10):957-64.
  • 42. Moghbel A, Farajzadeh A, Aghel N, Agheli H, Raisi N. Formulation and evaluation of green tea mouthwash: A new, safe and nontoxic product for children and pregnant women. Toxicology Letters. 2009;189(189):S257-S.
  • 43. Karim B, Bhaskar DJ, Agali C, Gupta D, Gupta RK, Jain A, et al. Effect of Aloe vera mouthwash on periodontal health: triple blind randomized control trial. Oral health dental management. 2014;13(1):14-9.
  • 44. Ali AMM, Ahmed WH, Abd El-Baky RM, Amer ME. Antibacterial efficacy of green tea mouth rinse in children with early childhood caries. Tanta Dental Journal. 2019;16(1):6.
  • 45. Hegde RJ, Kamath S. Comparison of the Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus colony count changes in saliva following chlorhexidine (0.12%) mouth rinse, combination mouth rinse, and green tea extract (0.5%) mouth rinse in children. Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2017;35(2):150-5.
  • 46. Tehrani MH, Asghari G, Hajiahmadi M. Comparing Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus colony count changes following green tea mouth rinse or sodium fluoride mouth rinse use in children (Randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial). Dental research journal. 2011;8(Suppl1):S58.
  • 47. Thomas A, Thakur SR, Shetty SB. Anti-microbial efficacy of green tea and chlorhexidine mouth rinses against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli spp. and Candida albicans in children with severe early childhood caries: A randomized clinical study. Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2016;34(1):65-70.
  • 48. Sajadi FS, Rostamizadeh M, Hasheminejad J, Hasheminejad N, Borna R, Bazrafshani M. Effect of Chlorhexidine, Fluoride and Green Tea Oral Gel on Pediatric Salivary Cariogenic Bacteria: A Clinical Trial Study. Int J Pediatr-Massha. 2021;9(7):13947-56.
  • 49. Ferrazzano GF, Roberto L, Amato I, Cantile T, Sangianantoni G, Ingenito A. Antimicrobial properties of green tea extract against cariogenic microflora: an in vivo study. J Med Food. 2011;14(9):907-11.
  • 50. Goyal AK, Bhat M, Sharma M, Garg M, Khairwa A, Garg R. Effect of green tea mouth rinse on Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva in children: An in vivo study. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics Preventive Dentistry. 2017;35(1):41.
  • 51. Salama MT, Alsughier ZA. Effect of Green Tea Extract Mouthwash on Salivary Streptococcus mutans Counts in a Group of Preschool Children: An In Vivo Study. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry. 2019;12(2):133-8.
  • 52. Ahmadi MH, Sarrami L, Yegdaneh A, Homayoni A, Bakhtiyari Z, Danaeifar N, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Green Tea Mouth Rinse and Green Tea Gel on the Salivary Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus Colony Count in 12-18-year-old Teenagers: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Contemporary clinical dentistry. 2019;10(1):81-5.
  • 53. Antunes DP, Salvia ACRD, de Araújo RM, Di Nicoló R, Koga Ito CY, de Araujo MAM. Effect of green tea extract and mouthwash without alcohol on Candida albicans biofilm on acrylic resin. Gerodontology. 2015;32(4):291-5.
  • 54. Tafazoli A, Tafazoli Moghadam E. Camellia Sinensis Mouthwashes in Oral Care: a Systematic Review. Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran). 2020;21(4):249-62.
  • 55. Evensen NA, Braun PC. The effects of tea polyphenols on Candida albicans: inhibition of biofilm formation and proteasome inactivation. Can J Microbiol. 2009;55(9):1033-9.
  • 56. Kamalaksharappa SK, Rai R, Babaji P, Pradeep MC. Efficacy of probiotic and green tea mouthrinse on salivary pH. Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2018;36(3):279-82.
  • 57. Manikandan S, Behera S, Karthikeyan R, Niranjana A, Bharathan R, Mohammed OFB. Effect of Green Tea Extract Mouthrinse and Probiotic Mouthrinse on Salivary pH in a Group of Schoolchildren: An In Vivo Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2020;12(Suppl 1):S404-S9.
  • 58. Hambire CU, Jawade R, Patil A, Wani VR, Kulkarni AA, Nehete PB. Comparing the antiplaque efficacy of 0.5% Camellia sinensis extract, 0.05% sodium fluoride, and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash in children. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015;5(3):218-26.
  • 59. Deshpande A, Deshpande N, Raol R, Patel K, Jaiswal V, Wadhwa M. Effect of green tea, ginger plus green tea, and chlorhexidine mouthwash on plaque-induced gingivitis: A randomized clinical trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2021;25(4):307-12.
  • 60. Abdelmegid F, Al-Agamy M, Alwohaibi A, Ka'abi H, Salama F. Effect of Honey and Green Tea Solutions on Streptococcus mutans. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2015;39(5):435-41.
Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm DERLEMELER / REVIEWS
Yazarlar

Handan Vural 0000-0003-3155-5837

Sacide Duman 0000-0001-6884-9674

Proje Numarası Yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 44 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Vural H, Duman S. Çocuklarda Yeşil Çay Kullanımının Dental ve Periodontal Sağlığa Etkileri. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2022;44(5):738-46.


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