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Memory Interfaces in Urban Soundscapes: Downtown Trabzon

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 25 - 37, 25.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1456500

Öz

Public spaces that reflect the collective consciousness of societies in establishing a bond between the past and the future are among the key determinant factors of urban identity. The soundscape approach can be used as a tool to define the sonic environment as a part of urban identity. This study aimed to reveal the sonic identity of downtown Trabzon by determining the elements of soundscape, namely keynotes, signals, and soundmarks, along with lost/disappearing sounds considering their association with collective memory, and continuous sounds that have remained unchanged from past to present. The methodology of this study consisted of soundwalks and surveys. Sonic regions belonging to Atatürk Square, Kunduracılar Street, Kemeraltı Street, and Mumhaneönü Boulevard were identified based on soundwalks and sonic environment assessments in line with the predetermined routes. The findings obtained from soundwalks showed that sonic identities differed by region, suggesting the presence of sui generis sound environments that define the sonic image of each region. The limitations of this study were the soundwalks performed in the regions that were considered to be representative of downtown Trabzon and the users’ sonic environment assessments.

Kaynakça

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Kentsel Ses Peyzajında Bellek Arayüzleri: Trabzon Kent Merkezi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 25 - 37, 25.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1456500

Öz

Geçmiş ile gelecek arasında bağ kurma noktasında, toplumun kolektif bilincini yansıtan kamusal mekânlar, kent kimliğini oluşturan unsurlar arasındadır. Kent kimliğinin bir parçası olarak sonik çevrenin tanımlanmasında ses peyzajı yaklaşımından yararlanılabilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, ses peyzajını tanımlayan “arka-plan sesler”, “ön-plan sesler”, “sembol sesler” ve kolektif bellek ile ilişkili olması yönüyle “kaybolan/yitikleşen sesler” ile geçmişten günümüze kadar “devamlılığı/sürekliliği olan seslerin” tespiti yoluyla Trabzon kent merkezinin sonik kimliğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmanın metodolojisini, ses yürüyüşleri ve anket uygulamaları oluşturmaktadır. Atatürk Alanı, Kunduracılar Caddesi, Kemeraltı Sokağı ve Mumhaneönü Meydanı’na ait sonik bölgeler; ses yürüyüşleri ve belirlenen güzergâhlar doğrultusunda sonik çevre değerlendirmeleri yoluyla belirlenmiştir. Ses yürüyüşlerinden elde edilen bulgular, bölgelere ait sonik kimliklerin farklılaştığını göstermektedir. Bu sonuç, bölgelerin sonik imgelerini tanımlayan ve kendilerine özgü olan ses çevrelerinin varlığını ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmanın sınırlılığını, Trabzon kent merkezini temsil ettiği düşünülen bölgelerde gerçekleştirilen ses yürüyüşleri ve kullanıcıların sonik çevre değerlendirmeleri oluşturmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Akbarishahabi, L. (2022). An evaluation of urban spaces designed at human scale and urban residents' sense of belonging. Urban Academy, 15(1), 136-154. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.991918
  • Akkaya, B. (2014). Urban soundscapes: Evaluating the sonic layers of Kadıköy Historical Bazaar and near surroundings [Unpublished master thesis]. Istanbul Technical University.
  • Amen, M. A., & Nia, H. A. (2021). The effect of cognitive semiotics on the interpretation of urban space configuration. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism (pp. 260-274), Turkey: Alanya HEP University. https://doi.org/10.38027/ICCAUA2021227N9
  • Arendt, H. (1998). The human condition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Argan, A. (2019). The effects of aural and visual fiction on the sensation and management of space in landscape design [Unpublished master thesis]. Ordu University.
  • Asar, H. (2013). Examination of the analysis of perceptional experience in architectural space reading with the help of a method [Unpublished master thesis]. Eskisehir Osmangazi University.
  • Askarizad, R., & Safari, H. (2020). The influence of social interactions on the behavioral patterns of the people in urban spaces (Case study: The pedestrian zone of Rasht Municipality Square, Iran), Cities, 101, 102687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102687
  • Assmann, J. (2015). Kültürel bellek: Eski yüksek kültürlerde yazı, hatırlama ve politik kimlik. Istanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1971). The control of short-term memory. Scientific American, 225(2), 82-91.
  • Aydın, D. Ç., Uysal, E., & Akça, Y. B. Ö. (2017). Diyarbakır tarihi Suriçi bölgesi akustik mirasının değerlendirilmesi. Dicle Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Mühendislik Dergisi, 8(2), 255-266.
  • Berglund, B., & Nilsson, M. E. (2006). On a tool for measuring soundscape quality in urban residential areas. Acta Acustica United with Acustica, 92(6), 938-944.
  • Bergson, H. (2015). Madde ve Bellek: Beden-tin ilişkisi üzerine deneme (I. Ergüden, Trans.). Ankara: Dost Kitabevi.
  • Boivin, N., Brumm, A., Lewis, H., Robinson, D., & Korisettar, R. (2007). Sensual, material, and technological understanding: Exploring prehistoric soundscapes in South India. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute (N.S.) 13(2), 267-294.
  • Brambilla G., De Gregorio L., Maffei L., Can Y. Z., & Özçevik A. (2007). Comparison of the soundscape in historical centres of Istanbul and Naples. INTER-NOISE 2007 Proceedings, 5, 36th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering (pp. 3068-3075). New York: Curran Associates, Inc.
  • Brown, A. L. (2010). Soundscapes and environmental noise management. Noise Control Engineering Journal, 58 (5), 493-500. https://doi.org/10.3397/1.3484178
  • Bruce, N. S., Davies, W. J., & Adams, M. D. (2009). Expectation as a factor in the perception of soundscapes. Euronoise 2009, Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics Volume 31 Pt. 3 (pp. 1439-1446). New York: Curran Associates, Inc.
  • Cain, R., Jennings, P., & Poxon, J. (2013). The development and application of the emotional dimensions of a soundscape. Applied Acoustics, 74(2), 232-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2011.11.006
  • Carmona, M., & Tiesdell, S. (2007). Urban design reader. Oxford: Architectural Press.
  • Ching, F. (2007). Architecture: Form, space, & order. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Çiçek, D. (2019). The evolution of audial and spatial perception at the special enviromental comfort [Unpublished master thesis]. Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University.
  • Cliffe, L., Mansell, J., Cormac, J., Greenhalgh, C., Greenhalgh C., & Hazzard, A. (2019). The audible artefact: Promoting cultural exploration and engagement with audio augmented reality. Proceedings of the 14th International Audio Mostly Conference: A Journey in Sound (pp. 176-182). https://doi.org/10.1145/3356590.3356617
  • Cüceloğlu, D. (2019). İnsan ve davranışı. Istanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Deng, L., Luo, H., Ma, J., Huang, Z., Sun, L., Jiang, M., Zhu, C., & Li, X. (2020). Effects of integration between visual stimuli and auditory stimuli on restorative potential and aesthetic preference in urban green spaces. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 53, 126702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126702
  • Dubois D., Guastavino C., & Raimbault M. (2006). A cognitive approach to urban soundscapes: Using verbal data to access everyday life auditory categories. Acta Acustica United with Acustica, 92(6), 865-874.
  • Farina, A., Lattanzi, E., Malavasi, R., Pieretti, N., & Piccioli, L. (2011). Avian soundscapes and cognitive landscapes: Theory, application and ecological perspectives. Landscape Ecology, 26, 1257-1267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-011-9617-z
  • Gehl, J. (1987). Life between buildings: Using public space. (J. Koch, Trans.). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
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  • Gozalo, G. R., Carmona, J. T., Morillas, J. M. B., Gomez, R., & Escobar, V. (2015). Relationship between objective acoustic indices and subjective assessments for the quality of soundscapes, Applied Acoustics, 97, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2015.03.020
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  • Lefebvre, H. (2009). State, space, world: Selected essays. (N. Brenner & S. Elden, Eds.) Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Liu, J., Kang, J., Luo, T., Behm, H., & Coppack, T. (2013). Spatiotemporal variability of soundscapes in a multiple functional urban area. Landscape and Urban Planning, 115, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.03.008
  • Liu, J., Yang, L., Xiong, Y., & Yang, Y. (2019). Effects of soundscape perception on visiting experience in a renovated historical block. Building and Environment, 165, 106375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106375
  • Manahasa, E., & Manahasa, O. (2020). Defining urban identity in a post-socialist turbulent context: The role of housing typologies and urban layers in Tirana. Habitat International, 102, 102202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2020.102202
  • Mianroodi, N. H., Majedi, H., Zarabadi, S. Z. S., & Ziari, Y. (2020). A comparative study of the memorability level of urban spaces using semiotic patterns; Case studies: Azadi and Hasanabad Squares. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 12(29), 241-255. https://doi.org/10.22034/AAUD.2020.103363
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  • Özer M. N., & Ayten, M. A. (2005). Kamusal odak olarak kent meydanları. Planlama, 3, 96-103.
  • Özkan, D. G, Sarıışık, B., & Özkan, S. D. (2017). Trabzon kenti Kemeraltı bölgesi mevcut durum değerlendirmesi. TURAN-SAM Uluslararası Bilimsel Hakemli Dergisi, 9(36), 476-482.
  • Özkan, D. G. (2017). Kentsel rekreasyon alanı olarak alışveriş caddelerinin incelenmesi: Trabzon örneği. Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2(2), 444-453. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.365102
  • Pallasmaa, J. (2018). Tenin gözleri: Mimarlık ve Duyular. Istanbul: YEM Yayın.
  • Pérez-Martínez, G., Torija, A. J., & Ruiz, D. P. (2018). Soundscape assessment of a monumental place: A methodology based on the perception of dominant sounds. Landscape and Urban Planning, 169, 12-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.07.022
  • Piaget, J., & Inhelder, B. (2005). The child's conception of space (F. J. Langdon & J. L. Lunzer, Trans.). New York: Routledge.
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  • Turkish Design Council (2019, August 15). Trabzon Mumhane Önü dolgu alanı (Moloz Bölgesi) Kentsel Tasarım Atölyesi Raporu, Trabzon. https://www.turkiyetasarimvakfi.org/media/Trabzon_Moloz_At%C3%B6lye_Raporu.pdf
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  • Wallace, M. Y. (2012). Acoustic ecology in landscape architecture: A case study in the soundscapes of İzmir [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Ege University.
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  • Yang, W., & Kang, J. (2005). Soundscape and sound preferences in urban squares: A case study in Sheffield. Journal of Urban Design, 10(1), 61-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574800500062395
  • Yılmaz, S. (2008). A design approach based on perceptual illusions for enhancing the “width” impact of zoo exhibition areas [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Karadeniz Technical University.
  • Yu, L., & Kang, J. (2008). Effects of social, demographic and behavioral factors on sound level evaluation in urban open spaces. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 123, 772-783. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2821955
Toplam 85 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Peyzaj Mimarlığı (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hare Kılıçaslan 0000-0002-6113-7962

Aslıhan Argan 0000-0001-5148-6563

Şeyma Nur Çelik 0000-0001-8638-6749

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 28 Mart 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kılıçaslan, H., Argan, A., & Çelik, Ş. N. (2024). Kentsel Ses Peyzajında Bellek Arayüzleri: Trabzon Kent Merkezi. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research, 8(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1456500

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