The Effect of the Toothbrushing and Surface Treatments on the Surface Roughness of Interim Crown Materials Used for Conventional, Subtractive, and Additive Manufacturing Techniques: An in Vitro Study

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 554 - 559, 25.12.2023

Hatice Nalan Bozoğulları Ayşegül Köroğlu Onur Şahin Beşar İzzetağa

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.1268305

Öz

Background: This study aimed to compare the effect of the surface treatment and toothbrushing abrasion on the surface roughness of interim crown material specimens manufactured using conventional, subtractive, and additive processing techniques.
Material and methods: 80 disk-shaped specimens were prepared from 4 different interim crown materials; one auto-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA);(IM) and one bis-acryl composite resin;(AC) for conventional technique, one computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) PMMA block;(TC) for subtractive process, one 3-dimensionally (3D) printed resin;(CB) for additive process. Specimens of each interim crown material were divided into two subgroups according to applied surface treatments; conventional polishing or surface sealant agent coupling (n=10). The surface roughness values of specimens before (Ra0) and after 10,000 cycles of toothbrushing (Ra1) were measured with a profilometer. Data were statistically analyzed.
Results: The polished groups of all interim crown materials showed significantly higher Ra0 values compared to the sealant groups before toothbrushing (p˂0.05). While the polished IM groups exhibited the highest Ra0 value (0.44±0.08), the sealed TC groups exhibited the lowest Ra0 value (0.23±0.06). The Ra values of all material groups increased after simulated 1-year toothbrushing. While the polished IM group exhibited the highest Ra1 value (0.45±0.14), the sealed CB group had the lowest Ra1 value (0.31±0.09).
Conclusion: It was observed that toothbrushing caused an increase in the surface roughness of all interim materials. The application of a surface sealant agent to these materials is more effective than polishing to reduce surface roughness. Sealed 3D printed resin for additive process exhibited the lowest mean roughness value after toothbrushing.
Keywords: Additive Manufactured, Interim Crown Material, Roughness, Subtractive Manufactured, Toothbrushing Abrasion

Anahtar Kelimeler

Additive Manufactured, Interim Crown Material, Roughness

Proje Numarası

yok

Konvansiyonel, Eksiltmeli ve Eklemeli İmalat Tekniklerinde Kullanılan Geçici Kron Materyallerinin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğüne Diş Fırçalama ve Yüzey İşlemlerinin Etkisi: İn Vitro Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Çalışma konvansiyonel, eksiltmeli ve eklemeli imalat yöntemleri kullanılarak üretilen geçici kron örneklerin yüzey pürüzlülüğüne yüzey işlemi ve diş fırçası aşınmasının etkisini karşılaştırmayı amaçladı.
Gereç ve yöntemler: 4 farklı geçici kron materyalinden toplamada 80 adet disk şeklinde örnek hazırlandı; konvansiyonel üretim için bir oto-polimerizan polimetil metakrilat resin (PMMA);(IM) ve bis-akrilik kompozit resin;(AC), eksiltmeli imalat için bilgisayar destekli tasarım-bilgisayar destekli üretim (CAD-CAM) PMMA blok;(TC), eklemeli imalat için 3 boyutlu yazıcı resini (3D);(CB). Her bir geçici kron materyaline ait örnekler uygulanacak yüzey işlemlerine göre iki alt gruba ayrıldı; konvansiyonel polisaj veya yüzey örtücü ajan uygulaması (n=10). Örneklerin 10.000 diş fırçalama öncesi (Ra0) ve sonrası (Ra1) yüzey pürüzlülük değerleri profilometre ile ölçüldü. Veriler 2 yönlü ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc ve paired sample t-testi ile istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Tüm geçici kron materyallerinin konvansiyonel polisaj işlemi uygulanmış gruplarının Ra0 değerleri, yüzey örtücü uygulanmış gruplarına kıyasla anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti (p˂0.05). Polisajlı IM grupları en yüksek Ra0 değerine sahipken (0,44±0,08), yüzey örtücü uygulanmış TC grubu en düşük Ra0 değeri göstermiştir (0,23±0,06). 1 yıllık diş fırçalaması sonrası tüm materyal gruplarının Ra değerleri artmıştır. Polisajlı IM grubu en yüksek Ra1 değerine sahipken (0,45±0,14), örtücü uygulanan CB grubu en düşük Ra1 değeri göstermiştir (0,31±0,09).
Sonuç: Test edilen materyallere yüzey örtücü uygulaması yüzey pürüzlülüğünü azaltmada konvansiyonel polisaja kıyasla daha etkilidir. Fırçalamanın test edilen tüm geçici kron materyallerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğünde artışa neden olduğu görülmüştür. Fırçalama sonrası tüm materyaller içinde yüzey örtücü uygulanmış 3D yazıcı rezinin yüzey pürüzlülüğü en düşüktür

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diş Fırçası abrazyonu, Eklemeli imalat, Eksiltmeli imalat, Geçici kron materyali, Pürüzlülük

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

yok

Kaynakça

• 1. Patras M, Naka O, Doukoudakis S, Pissiotis A. Management of provisional restorations' deficiencies: a literature review. J Esthet Restor Dent 2012;24:26-38.
• 2. Kerby RE, Knobloch LA, Sharples S, Peregrina A. Mechanical properties of urethane and bis-acryl interim resin materials. J Prosthet Dent 2013;110:21-8.
• 3. Lee WS, Lee DH, Lee KB. Evaluation of internal fit of interim crown fabricated with CAD/CAM milling and 3D printing system. J Adv Prosthodont 2017;9:265-70.
• 4. Perry RD, Magnuson B. Provisional materials: key components of interim fixed restorations. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2012;33:59-60, 62.
• 5. Kelvin Khng KY, Ettinger RL, Armstrong SR, Lindquist T, Gratton DG, Qian F. In vitro evaluation of the marginal integrity of CAD/CAM interim crowns. J Prosthet Dent 2016;115:617-23.
• 6. Beyth N, Bahir R, Matalon S, Domb AJ, Weiss EI. Streptococcus mutans biofilm changes surface-topography of resin composites. Dent Mater 2008;24:732-36.
• 7. Ayuso-Montero R, Martinez-Gomis J, Lujan-Climent M, Salsench J, Peraire M. Influence of matrix type on surface roughness of three resins for provisional crowns and fixed partial dentures. J Prosthodont 2009;18:141-44.
• 8. Berger JC, Driscoll CF, Romberg E, Luo Q, Thompson G. Surface roughness of denture base acrylic resins after processing and after polishing. J Prosthodont 2006;15:180-86.
• 9. Anagnostou M, Mountouris G, Silikas N, Kletsas D, Eliades G. Chemical, mechanical and biological properties of contemporary composite surface sealers. Dent Mater 2015;31:1474-86.
• 10. Heintze SD, Forjanic M, Ohmiti K, Rousson V. Surface deterioration of dental materials after simulated toothbrushing in relation to brushing time and load. Dent Mater 2010;26:306-19.
• 11. de Andrade GS, Augusto MG, Simões BV, Pagani C, Saavedra GSFA, Bresciani E. Impact of simulated toothbrushing on surface properties of chairside CAD-CAM materials: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2021;125:469.e1-469.e6.
• 12. Köroğlu A, Sahin O, Dede DÖ, Yilmaz B. Effect of different surface treatment methods on the surface roughness and color stability of interim prosthodontic materials. J Prosthet Dent 2016;115:447-55.
• 13. Taşın S, Ismatullaev A, Usumez A. Comparison of surface roughness and color stainability of 3-dimensionally printed interim prosthodontic material with conventionally fabricated and CAD-CAM milled materials. J Prosthet Dent 2022;128:1094-1101.
• 14. Köroğlu A, Şahin O, Küçükekenci AS, Dede DÖ, Yıldırım H, Yilmaz B. Influences of Toothbrushing and Different Toothpastes on the Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Interim Prosthodontic Materials. Materials (Basel) 2022;24;15:5831.
• 15. Goldstein GR, Lerner T. The effect of toothbrushing on a hybrid composite resin. J Prosthet Dent 1991;66:498-500.
• 16. Quirynen M, Bollen CM, Papaioannou W, Van Eldere J, van Steenberghe D. The influence of titanium abutment surface roughness on plaque accumulation and gingivitis: short-term observations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1996;11:169-78.
• 17. Bollen CM, Papaioanno W, Van Eldere J, Schepers E, Quirynen M, van Steenberghe D. The influence of abutment surface roughness on plaque accumulation and peri-implant mucositis. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7:201-11.
• 18. Alt V, Hannig M, Wöstmann B, Balkenhol M. Fracture strength of temporary fixed partial dentures: CAD/CAM versus directly fabricated restorations. Dent Mater 2011;27:339-47
• 19. Simoneti DM, Pereira-Cenci T, Dos Santos MBF. Comparison of material properties and biofilm formation in interim single crowns obtained by 3D printing and conventional methods. J Prosthet Dent 2022;127:168-72.
• 20. Rayyan MM, Aboushelib M, Sayed NM, Ibrahim A, Jimbo R. Comparison of interim restorations fabricated by CAD/CAM with those fabricated manually. J Prosthet Dent 2015;114:414-19.
• 21. Arnold C, Monsees D, Hey J, Schweyen R. Surface Quality of 3D-Printed Models as a Function of Various Printing Parameters. Materials (Basel) 2019;12:1970.
• 22. Nasiry Khanlar L, Revilla-León M, Barmak AB, Ikeda M, Alsandi Q, Tagami J, Zandinejad A. Surface roughness and shear bond strength to composite resin of additively manufactured interim restorative material with different printing orientations. J Prosthet Dent 2023;1295:788-95.
• 23. Revilla-León M, Jordan D, Methani MM, Piedra-Cascón W, Özcan M, Zandinejad A. Influence of printing angulation on the surface roughness of additive manufactured clear silicone indices: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2021;125:462-68.
• 24. Gad MM, Fouda SM, Abualsaud R, Alshahrani FA, Al-Thobity AM, Khan SQ, Akhtar S, Ateeq IS, Helal MA, Al-Harbi FA. Strength and Surface Properties of a 3D-Printed Denture Base Polymer. J Prosthodont 2022;315:412-18.
• 25. Shim JS, Kim JE, Jeong SH, Choi YJ, Ryu JJ. Printing accuracy, mechanical properties, surface characteristics, and microbial adhesion of 3D-printed resins with various printing orientations. J Prosthet Dent 2020;124:468-75.
• 26. Cakan U, Kara HB. Effect of liquid polishing materials on the stainability of bis-acryl interim restorative material in vitro. J Prosthet Dent 2015;113:475-79.
• 27. Akova T, Ozkomur A, Uysal H. Effect of food-simulating liquids on the mechanical properties of provisional restorative materials. Dent Mater 2006;22:1130-34.
• 28. Borchers L, Tavassol F, Tschernitschek H. Surface quality achieved by polishing and by varnishing of temporary crown and fixed partial denture resins. J Prosthet Dent 1999;82:550-56.
• 29. Eslemez Topcu E, Şahin O, Köroğlu A, Cömert F, Yilmaz B. Surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans adhesion on surface sealant agent coupled interim crown materials after dynamic loading. BMC Oral Health 2022;221:299.
• 30. Halis G, Köroğlu A, Şahin O, Dede DÖ, Yilmaz B. Effect of simulated tootbrushing on surface roughness of sealant agent coupled nanohybrid composite resins. J Esthet Restor Dent 2022;34:907-14.
• 31. Teixeira EC, Thompson JL, Piascik JR, Thompson JY. In vitro toothbrush-dentifrice abrasion of two restorative composites. J Esthet Restor Dent 2005;17:172-82.
• 32. dos Santos PH, Consani S, Correr Sobrinho L, Coelho Sinhoreti MA. Effect of surface penetrating sealant on roughness of posterior composite resins. Am J Dent 2003;16:197-201.
• 33. Sarac D, Sarac YS, Kulunk S, Ural C, Kulunk T. The effect of polishing techniques on the surface roughness and color change of composite resins. J Prosthet Dent 2006;96:33-40.
• 34. Sangpanya A, Fuangtharnthip P, Nimmanon V, Pachimsawat P. Toothbrush-Dentifrice Abrasion of Dental Sealants: An In Vitro Study. Eur J Dent 2022;16:549-56.
• 35. Doray PG, Eldiwany MS, Powers JM. Effect of resin surface sealers on improvement of stain resistance for a composite provisional material. J Esthet Restor Dent 2003;15:244-50.
• 36. Zimmerli B, Koch T, Flury S, Lussi A. The influence of toothbrushing and coffee staining on different composite surface coatings. Clin Oral Investig 201216:469-79.
• 37. Sideridou I, Tserki V, Papanastasiou G. Study of water sorption, solubility and modulus of elasticity of light-cured dimethacrylate-based dental resins. Biomaterials 2003;24:655-65.
• 38. Aldahian N, Khan R, Mustafa M, Vohra F, Alrahlah A. Influence of Conventional, CAD-CAM, and 3D Printing Fabrication Techniques on the Marginal Integrity and Surface Roughness and Wear of Interim Crowns. Appl Sci 2021;11:8964.