The relationship between the conflict action styles and psychological violence: A cross-sectional study

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 15 - 35, 31.01.2024

Ceyda Mızrak Nevin Günaydın

https://doi.org/10.52369/togusagbilderg.1210118

Öz

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate correlation between psychological violence and conflict action styles against nurses and in order to identify factors affecting..
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and correlational study. All registered nurses who communicate with patients and colleagues and work in a hospital setting were included in the study. The data of the study were collected using the "Personal Data Collection Form", "Workplace Psychological Violence Instrument (WPVBI)" and "Conflict Activity Styles Inventory (CASI)". Mann Whitney U test was determined by the Kruskal Wallis H test for independent groups. Dunn's multiple comparison test was used to determine the differences between groups. Extension of Generalized Linear Models (GDM) for assumptions of regression analysis were used.
Results:The current study found that the CASI and WPVBI subscale scores of the nurses statistically differ in relation to the clinics they work in, the type of hospital they are in, their working hours, the number of patients they are caring for, the number of nurses working in shifts, the belief in teamwork, manager support, and the level of communication with the clinicians (p<0.05). Further analysis demonstrated that the total score effects of avoidant and compulsive approaches on WPVBI scores were statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Nurses should be taught to use effective conflict action styles in order not to be exposed to psychological violence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

conflict action styles, healt institutions, nurse, violence, psychological violence

HEMŞİRELERE YÖNELİK PSİKOLOJİK ŞİDDET İLE ÇATIŞMA EYLEM STİLLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: KESİTSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hemşirelere yönelik psikolojik şiddet ile çatışma eylem biçimleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi ve hemşirelere yönelik çatışma biçimlerini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı ve ilişkisel bir çalışmadır. Hastalar ve meslektaşları ile iletişim halinde olan ve hastane ortamında çalışan tüm kayıtlı hemşireler çalışmaya dahil edildi. Araştırmanın verileri, “Kişisel Veri Toplama Formu”, “İş Yeri Psikolojik Şiddet Ölçeği (WPVBI)” ve “Çatışma Etkinlik Tarzları Envanteri (ÇÖDÖ)” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Mann Whitney U testi, bağımsız gruplar için Kruskal Wallis H testi ile belirlendi. Gruplar arasındaki farklılıkları belirlemek için Dunn çoklu karşılaştırma testi kullanıldı. Regresyon analizinin varsayımları için Genelleştirilmiş Doğrusal Modellerin (GDM) uzantısı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada hemşirelerin ÇAÖÖ ve WPVBİ alt ölçek puanlarının çalıştıkları kliniklere, bulundukları hastane türüne, çalışma saatlerine, baktıkları hasta sayılarına, hasta sayısına göre istatistiksel olarak farklılaştığı saptanmıştır. vardiyalı çalışan hemşirelerin takım çalışmasına inanç, yönetici desteği ve klinisyenle iletişim düzeyi (p<0.05). İleri analizler, kaçınmacı ve kompulsif yaklaşımların WPVBI puanları üzerindeki toplam puan etkilerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğunu göstermiştir (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Hemşirelere psikolojik şiddete maruz kalmamaları için etkili çatışma eylem biçimlerini kullanmaları öğretilmelidir

Anahtar Kelimeler

çatışma eylerm stilleri, sağlık kurumları, hemşire, psikolojik şiddet

Kaynakça

• 1. Polat Oğuz. “Violence”, Marmara University Faculty of Law Journal of Legal Studies. 2016;22 (1): 15-34.
• 2. Karabulutlu O. Nursing students' views and experiences on violence. Hacettepe Univ Fac Nurs Jo. 2015; 2(1):26-36.
• 3. Özüdoğru AA, Akgül Ö. Mental Health Workers' Lifelong Violence Experiences. TPD. 2018;33(82):20-29,(2018).
• 4. Özkan G. Violence Against Women -A Study of Domestic Violence and International Texts on the Subject. Hacettepe HFD. 2017;7(1):533–564.
• 5. Christie W, Jones S. b“Lateral Violence in Nursing and the Theory of the Nurse as Wounded Healer" OJIN. 2014; 19(1).
• 6. Leymann H. The Definition of Mobbing at Workplaces. The Mobbing Encyclopedia. Accessed: 26 Mayıs 2019.
• 7. Karip E. Conflict Management. Ankara: Pegem Academy Publications,(2013).
• 8. Karadağ E, Tosun Ü. Conflict Action Styles Scale [CESO]: Language validity and preliminary psychometric analysis of its adaptation to Turkish. J Psychol Stud,2014; 34(1):45-69.
• 9. Büyükbayram A, Okcay H. Socio-cultural factors affecting violence against healthcare workers. J Psychiatr Nurs.2013; 4:46–53.
• 10. Demirci S. Uğurluoğlu, Ö. Violence Against Healthcare Professionals: Example of a Public Hospital. ACU Health Sci J. 2018;11(1):89-97.
• 11. Muzembo BA, Mbutshu LH, Ngatu NR, Malonga KF, Eıtoku M., Hırota R. Suganuma, N., Workplace violence towards Congolese health care workers: a survey of 436 healthcare facilities in Katanga province democratic republic of congo. J Occup Health. 2015;57(1):69-80,(2015).
• 12. Converso D, Sottimano I, Balducci C. Violence exposure and burnout in the healthcare sector: the mediating role of workability. Med lav. 2021;112(1):58.
• 13. Magnavita N, Heponiemi T, Chirico F. Workplace violence is associated with impaired work functioning in nurses: an Italian cross‐sectional study. JNS. 2020; 52(3):281-291.
• 14. Yeşilçiçek Çalık, K, Aktaş S, Kobya Bulut H, Özdaş Anahar E. The Effect of Working Order as Shift and Seizure System on Nurses. JHSM.2015;1(1):33-45.
• 15. Bayer Dal AA, Research on psychological violence and reactions in nurses. J Bus Res-Turk. 2018;10(4):459-481.
• 16. Hsieh HF, Chang SC, Wang HH. The relationships among personality, social support, and resilience of abused nurses at emergency rooms and psychiatric wards in Taiwan. Women Health. 2017; 57(1):40-51.
• 17. Lee J, Lee B. Psychological workplace violence and health outcomes in South Korean nurses. WHS, 2022;70(5):228-234.
• 18. Tambağ H, Can R, Erenoğlu R, Özbay R. Investigation of Psychological Violent Behaviors of Nurses in the Workplace. Bakirkoy Med J. 2018;14, 24-30.
• 19. Li P, Xing K, Qiao H, Fang H, Ma H, Jiao M, et. al. Psychological violence against general practitioners and nurses in Chinese township hospitals: incidence and implications. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018;16(1):1-10.
• 20. Musengamana V, Adejumo O, Banamwana G, Mukagendaneza MJ, Twahirwa TS, Munyaneza E, et. al. Workplace violence experience among nurses at a selected university teaching hospital in Rwanda. PAMJ. 2022;41.
• 21. Bahar A, Şahin S, Akkaya Z, Alkayiş M. An Investigation on Psychological Violence in Nurses and Their Reactions. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2015;6(2):57-64.
• 22. Al‐Hamdan Z, Al‐Ta'amneh IA, Rayan A, Bawadi H The impact of emotional intelligence on conflict management styles used by Jordanian nurse managers. J Nurs Manag. 2019;27:560–566.
• 23. International Council of Nurses. ICN position statement: Abuse and violence against nursing personnel, (2000). Retrieved from http://www.icn.ch/images/stories/documents/publications/position_statements/C01_Abuse_Violence_Nsg_Personnel.
• 24. [International Labour Organization International Council of Nurses, World Health Organization, & Public Services International, (2002). World report on violence and health. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
• 25. Öksüz Y, Baba Öztürk M. The relationship between teacher candidates' conflict action styles and their intercultural sensitivity. Manas J Soc Res. 2016;5(4):1-12.
• 26. Eren E. Organizational behavior and management psychology (15th Edition). Istanbul: Beta Publishing, 2015.
• 27. Oktay F. Examining the relationship between conflict management and organizational support. Gaziantep Univ J Soc Sci. 2016;15(4):1146-1155.
• 28. Johnson DW, Johnson FP. Joining Together. New York: Pearson Education Inc.,2003.
• 29. Rahim MA. Toward a theory of managing organizational conflict, Int J Confl Manag. 2002;13(3):206-235.
• 30. Rahim MA, Garrett JE, Buntzman GF. “Ethics of Managing Interpersonal Conflict in Organizations”, J Bus Ethics. 1992;11(5/6): 423–432.
• 31. Al-Omari H. Physical and verbal workplace violence against nurses in Jordan. Int Nurs Rev. 2015;62(1):111–118.
• 32. Azami M, Moslemirad M, YektaKooshali MH, Rahmati S., Soleymani A, Bigdeli Shamloo M. Bet. Al. Workplace violence against Iranian nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Violence Victi. 2018;33(6):1148–1175.
• 33. Cheung T, Yip PS. Workplace violence towards nurses in Hong Kong: Prevalence and correlates. BMC Public Health. 2017; 17(1):196.
• 34. Niu SF, Lee TY, Tsai JC, Hsing SC, Wu SC, Kao CC. Workplace violence against nurses in northern Taiwan: A cross-sectional study. Hu li za zhi. 2018;65(6):44–54.
• 35. Copeland D, Henry M. Workplace violence and perceptions of safety among emergency department staff members: experiences, expectations, tolerance, reporting, and recommendations. J Trauma Nurs. 2017;24(2):65-77.
• 36. Ayakdaş D. Psychological Violence Between Nurses and Related Factors. Master Thesis, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, 2014.
• 37. Yıldırım D, Yıldırım A. Development and psychometric evaluation of workplace psychologically violent behaviors instrument. J Clin Nurs. 2008;17(10):1361- 1370.
• 38. Yıldırım D, Yıldırım A. Psychological violent behaviors faced by academics working in the field of health and the effects of these behaviors. Turkey Clinics J Med Sci. 2010;30(2):559- 70.
• 39. Akbolat M, Ünal Ö, Durmuş A, Aarat M, Turan M. The effect of exposure to vıolence on doctors and nurses and the fear of vıolence on the exhaust. 3. ınternatıonal congress on dıfferent vıolence dımensıons and socıal perceptıon, Verbal Presentation, 2018.
• 40. Fafliora, E., Bampalis, V. G., Zarlas, G., Sturaitis, P., Lianas, D., Mantzouranis, G. Workplace violence against nurses in three different Greek healthcare settings. Work., 2015;53(3):551–560.
• 41. Ferri, P., Silvestri, M., Artoni, C., & Di Lorenzo, R. Workplace violence in different settings and among various health professionals in an Italian general hospital: a cross-sectional study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 2016;9:263–275.
• 42. Cheung, T., Lee, P. H., & Yip, P.S. F. Workplace violence toward physicians and nurses: Prevalence and correlates in Macau. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2017;14(8):1–15.
• 43. Cho, H., Pavek, K., Steege, L. Workplace verbal abuse, nurse‐reported quality of care and patient safety outcomes among early‐career hospital nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 2020; 28(6):1250-1258.
• 44. Shi, L., Zhang, D., Zhou, C., Yang, L., Sun, T., Hao, T., Peng, X., Gao, L., Liu, W., Mu, Y., Han, Y., & Fan, L. A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and associated risk factors for workplace violence against Chinese nurses. BMJ Open, 2017;7(6):1–9.
• 45. Zeng, J. Y., An, F. R., Xiang, Y. T., Qi, Y. K., Ungvari, G. S., Newhouse, R., Yu, D. S. F., Lai, K. Y. C., Yu, L. Y., Ding, Y. M., Tang, W. K., Wu, P. P., Hou, Z. J., Chiu, H. F. K. Frequency and risk factors of workplace violence on psychiatric nurses and its impact on their quality of life in China. Psychiatry Res. 2013;210(2):510–514.
• 46. Zhang, S. E., Liu, W., Wang, J., Shi, Y., Xie, F., Cang, S., Sun, T., Fan, L. Impact of workplace violence and compassionate behaviour in hospitals on stress, sleep quality and subjective health status among Chinese nurses: A cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open, 2018;8(10):1–8.
• 47. Liu, W., Zhao, S., Shi, L., Zhang, Z., Liu, X., Li, L., Duan, X., Li, G., Lou, F., Jia, X., Fan, L., Sun, T., Ni, X. Workplace violence, job satisfaction, burnout, perceived organisational support and their effects on turnover intention among Chinese nurses in tertiary hospitals: A cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2018; 8(6).
• 48. Jiao, M., Ning, N., Li, Y., Gao, L., Cui, Y., Sun, H., Kang, Z., Liang, L., Wu, Q., Hao, Y. Workplace violence against nurses in Chinese hospitals: A cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open. 2015;5(3):1–9.
• 49. Chirico, F, Heponiemi, T, Pavlova, M, Zaffina, S, Magnavita, N. Psychosocial Risk Prevention in a Global Occupational Health Perspective. A Descriptive Analysis. Int J Env Res Public Health. 2019;16(14): 2470–
• 50. Baddar F, Salem OA, Villagracia HN. Conflict resolution strategies of nurses in a selected government tertiary hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi. J Nurs Educa Pract. 2016;6(5):91-99.
• 51. Ardalan F, Valiee R, Valiee S, The level of job conflicts and management styles from the viewpoint of Iranian nurses. Nurs Pract Today. 2017;4(1):44-51.
• 52. Dur N, Akbulut Z, Eryalcin O, Korkmaz M. Evaluation of the violence experienced by nurses of different generations and their strategies for coping with the stress resulting from violence. Int J Caring Sci. 2018;11(3):1756-1762.
• 53. Turan N, Öncü B. Workplace Psychological Violence (Mobbing): Examining the Relationship Between Personality Traits and Workload. Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2018;10(2):95-102.
• 54. Çankaya M, Çiftçi GE. The effect of emotional intelligence on nurses' coping with stress: an application in Çorum province. Anadolu Univ J Soc Sci. 2019;19(2):391-414.
• 55. Göçmen Avcı G, Öztürk G, Azaklı N. Türker Çekinmez S, Determination of work-related stress levels of nurses and style of coping with stress. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Univ Fac Health Sci J. 2018;3(1):1-7.