ASYMMETRIC EFFECTS OF THE EU’S FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS AND TURKEY / AB’nin Serbest Ticaret Anlaşmalarının Asimetrik Etkisi Ve Türkiye

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 117 - 140, 30.04.2020

Gökhan Aktaş Zeynep Kaplan

https://doi.org/10.29216/ueip.646314

Öz

The Customs Union, signed between Turkey and the European
Union, has an important role in Turkey’s integration with the European and global
markets. However, recent changes in European Union’s trade policy demonstrated
the necessity for the modernization of the Customs Union. In this framework, the
study aims to investigate the asymmetric effects of the European Union’s free
trade agreements concluded with third countries on Turkey’s foreign trade. The
study investigate trade deviation of top five product group categories imported
from South Africa and Mexico for the period 2000-2017. The study measures and
compares the degree of trade deviation by considering the imports coming directly
from South Africa and Mexico and imports coming from these countries via the European
Union market. The study concludes that the trade deviation was low on the goods
subject to low or zero tariff rates, while trade deviation was high with the
goods subject to higher tariff rates or non-tariff barriers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trade Deviation, Economic Integration, Customs Union, Free Trade Agreement

AB’NİN SERBEST TİCARET ANLAŞMALARININ ASİMETRİK ETKİSİ VE TÜRKİYE / Asymmetric Effects Of The EU’s Free Trade Agreements And Turkey

Öz

Türkiye ile AB arasında imzalanan
Gümrük Birliği, Türkiye’nin hem Avrupa hem de küresel pazarlara entegrasyonunu
sağlayan önemli bir işleve sahip olmuştur. Ancak, Avrupa Birliği’nin ticaret
politikasında son yıllarda meydana gelen gelişmeler Gümrük Birliği’nin
güncellemesini gerekli hale getirmiştir. Bu çerçevede, çalışmanın amacı, Avrupa
Birliği’nin üçüncü ülkelerle imzaladığı serbest ticaret anlaşmalarının
Türkiye’nin dış ticaretinde yol açtığı asimetrik etkiyi incelemektir. Bu
çerçevede, 2000-2017 yılları arasında Türkiye’ye ithal edilen Güney Afrika ve
Meksika menşeli beş ürün grubunda ticaret sapmasının varlığı incelenmiştir.
Çalışmada Güney Afrika ve Meksika’dan Türkiye’ye doğrudan yapılan ithalat ile
AB pazarı üzerinden yapılan ithalat ölçülmüş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Türkiye’nin
ithalatta düşük veya sıfır vergi oranı uyguladığı mal gruplarında ticaret
sapması olmadığı veya düşük düzeylerde kaldığı, ithalat vergilerinin yüksek
olduğu veya tarife dışı engellerle ithalatın zorlaştırıldığı mal gruplarında
ise ticaret sapmasının yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ticaret sapması, İktisadi Entegrasyon, Gümrük Birliği, Serbest Ticaret Anlaşması, Avrupa Birliği

Kaynakça

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