BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fibre

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 109 - 120, 27.03.2016
https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201324253

Öz

The water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix hybrid composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fiber have been investigated. Open moulding method was used to produce polyester hybrid composites of 2, 4, and 6 wt% reinforcement consisting of oil palm ash (OPA) and oil palm fiber (OPF) in weight ratios of 1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:1 respectively. Water immersion test was used to study the adsorption behaviour from which the water diffusion mechanisms of the composites were established. The results show that the amount of water absorbed by the composites increases with increase in the fiber weight ratio of the OPA-OPF hybrid reinforcement and also with the increase in the weight percent of the reinforcement phase. The diffusion transport mechanism as predicted from the diffusion exponent (n) shows that the majority of the hybrid reinforced composite compositions and all the composites reinforced only with OPF exhibited super case II or case II diffusion. But all the composite grades reinforced with OPA only and the unreinforced polyester exhibited Fickian and less Fickian diffusion, respectively. It was only the hybrid composition containing 2 wt% reinforcement having weight ratio OPA: OPF of 3:1 that exhibited the intermediate behavior between Fickian and non-Fickian diffusion. Generally, it is observed that the values of the diffusion exponent (n) increase as the amount of water absorbed by the composites increases.

Kaynakça

  • Bledzki AK and Gassan J. Composites reinforced with cellulose base fibres. Progress Polymer Science, 1999; 24: 221 – 274.
  • Dhakal HN, Zhang ZY and Richardson MOW. Effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hemp fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester composites. Journal of Composite Science and Technology, 2007; 67(7): 1674 – 16
  • Gassan J and Cutowski VS. Effect of corona discharge and UV treatment on the properties of jute–fiber epoxy composites. Composite Science Technology, 2000; 60: 2857 – 2863.
  • Richardson MOW, Santana MTJ and Hague J. Natural fibre composites– the potential for the Asian markets. Progress Rubber Plastic Technology, 1998; 14: 174 – 188.
  • Abdalla AAR, Mohd SS, Khalina A, Megat M and Hamdan MP. Water absorption behaviour of kenaf reinforced unsaturated polyester composites and its influence on their mechanical properties. Journal of Science and Technology, 2010; 18 (2): 433 – 440.
  • Silva RV, Aquino EMF, Rodrigues LPS and Barros ARF. Curaua/Glass hybrid composite: the effect of water aging on the mechanical properties. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 2009; 28(15): 1857 – 1868.
  • Fraga AN, FrulllonI E, De la Osa O, Kenny JM and Vázquez A. Relationship between water absorption and dielectric behaviour of natural fibre composite materials. Polymer Testing, 2006; 25: 181 – 187.
  • Pradeep KK and Rakesh K. Studies on water absorption of bamboo-polyester composites: effect of silane treatment of mercerized bamboo. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 2010; 49: 45 – 52.
  • Lee MC and Peppas NA. Water transport in epoxy resins. Progress Polymer Science, 1993; 8: 947 – 961.
  • Karmaker AC. Effect of water absorption on dimensional stability and impact energy of jute fibre reinforced polypropylene. Journal of Material Science Letters, 1997; 16(6): 462-464.
  • Varelidis PC, Papakostopoulos DG, Pandazis CI and Papaspyrides CD. Polyamide coated kevlar fabric in epoxy resin: mechanical properties and moisture absorption studies. Composites Part A, 2000; 31: 549 – 558.
  • Scheirs J. Compositional and Failure Analysis of Polymers- A Practical Approach, New York, John Wiley, 2000.
  • Collings TA. Moisture absorption–Fickian diffusion kinetics and moisture profiles. Handbook of polymer fibre composites. UK: Longman Scientific and Technical; 1994: 366 –371.
  • Shen CH and Springer G. Moisture absorption and desorption of composite materials. Journal of Composite Materials, 1999; 10: 2 – 20.
  • Oladele IO, Akinwekomi AD, Aribo S and Aladenika AK. Development of fibre reinforced cementitious composite for ceiling application. Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering, 2010; 8(8): 591 – 598.
  • Shakeri A and Ghasemian A. Water absorption and thickness swelling behavior of polypropylene reinforced with hybrid recycled newspaper and glass fiber. Applied Composite Materials, 2010; 17, 183 – 193.
  • Najafi SK and Kordkheili HY. Effect of sea water on water absorption and flexural properties of wood-polypropylene composites. European Journal for Wood Production, 2011; 69: 553 – 556.
  • Kord B and Kiaeifar A. Hygroscopic thickness swelling rate of wood polymer nanocomposite. Reinforced Plastic Composite, 2010; 29(23): 3480 – 3485. Kushwaha PK and Kumar R. Studies on water absorption of bamboo-polyester composites: Effect of silane treatment of mercerized bamboo. Polymer-Plastic Technology and Engineering, 2011; 49: 45 – 52.
  • Khairunisa A and Mohd H. Fire resistance properties of palm oil fuel ash cement based aerated concrete. Concrete Research Letters, 2010; 1(3): 107 – 114. American Society of Testing and Materials. Standard test method for moisture absorption property and equilibrium condition polymer matrix composite materials, ASTM D5229M-12, ASTM, 2012.
  • Osman EA, Vakhguelt A, Sbarski I and Mutasher SA. Kenaf/recycled jute natural fibres unsaturated polyester composites: water absorption/dimensional stability and mechanical properties. International Journal of Computational Materials And Engineering, 2012; 1(1): 1 – 17.
  • Sombastsompop N and Chaochanchaikul K. Effect of moisture content on mechanical properties, thermal and structural stability and extruded texture of poly (vinyl chloride)/wood sawdust composites. Polymer International, 2004; 53: 1210 – 1218.
  • Dhakal HN, Zhang ZY and Richardson MOW. Effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hemp fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester composites. Journal of Composite Science and Technology, 2007; 67(7): 1674 – 16
  • Bismarck A, Askargorta IA, Springer J, Lampke T, Wielage B and Stamboulis A. Surface characterization of flax, hemp and cellulose fibres; surface properties and the water uptake behaviour. Polymer Composite, 2002; 23: 872 – 894. Thwe MM and Liao K. Effects of environmental ageing on the mechanical properties of bamboo-glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix hybrid composites. Composites Part A, 2002; 33: 43 – 52.
  • Crank J. The Mathematics of Diffusion, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1975.
  • Cárdenas A, Argüelles Monal W, Goycoolea FM, Higuera Ciapara I and Peniche C. Diffusion through membranes of the polyelectrolyte complex of chitosan and alginate. Macromol Bioscience, 2003; 3: 535 – 539.
  • Munday DL and Cox PL. Compressed xanthan and karaya gum matrices: hydration, erosion and drug release mechanisms. International Journal of Pharmacy, 2002; 203: 179 – 192.
  • Wang J, Wu W and Lin Z. Kinetics and thermodynamics of the water sorption of hydroxyethyl methacrylate/styrene copolymer hydrogels. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2008; 109: 3018 – 3023.

Water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fibre

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 109 - 120, 27.03.2016
https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201324253

Öz

The water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix hybrid composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fiber have been investigated. Open moulding method was used to produce polyester hybrid composites of 2, 4, and 6 wt% reinforcement consisting of oil palm ash (OPA) and oil palm fiber (OPF) in weight ratios of 1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:1 respectively. Water immersion test was used to study the adsorption behaviour from which the water diffusion mechanisms of the composites were established. The results show that the amount of water absorbed by the composites increases with increase in the fiber weight ratio of the OPA-OPF hybrid reinforcement and also with the increase in the weight percent of the reinforcement phase. The diffusion transport mechanism as predicted from the diffusion exponent (n) shows that the majority of the hybrid reinforced composite compositions and all the composites reinforced only with OPF exhibited super case II or case II diffusion. But all the composite grades reinforced with OPA only and the unreinforced polyester exhibited Fickian and less Fickian diffusion, respectively. It was only the hybrid composition containing 2 wt% reinforcement having weight ratio OPA: OPF of 3:1 that exhibited the intermediate behavior between Fickian and non-Fickian diffusion. Generally, it is observed that the values of the diffusion exponent (n) increase as the amount of water absorbed by the composites increases.

Kaynakça

  • Bledzki AK and Gassan J. Composites reinforced with cellulose base fibres. Progress Polymer Science, 1999; 24: 221 – 274.
  • Dhakal HN, Zhang ZY and Richardson MOW. Effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hemp fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester composites. Journal of Composite Science and Technology, 2007; 67(7): 1674 – 16
  • Gassan J and Cutowski VS. Effect of corona discharge and UV treatment on the properties of jute–fiber epoxy composites. Composite Science Technology, 2000; 60: 2857 – 2863.
  • Richardson MOW, Santana MTJ and Hague J. Natural fibre composites– the potential for the Asian markets. Progress Rubber Plastic Technology, 1998; 14: 174 – 188.
  • Abdalla AAR, Mohd SS, Khalina A, Megat M and Hamdan MP. Water absorption behaviour of kenaf reinforced unsaturated polyester composites and its influence on their mechanical properties. Journal of Science and Technology, 2010; 18 (2): 433 – 440.
  • Silva RV, Aquino EMF, Rodrigues LPS and Barros ARF. Curaua/Glass hybrid composite: the effect of water aging on the mechanical properties. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 2009; 28(15): 1857 – 1868.
  • Fraga AN, FrulllonI E, De la Osa O, Kenny JM and Vázquez A. Relationship between water absorption and dielectric behaviour of natural fibre composite materials. Polymer Testing, 2006; 25: 181 – 187.
  • Pradeep KK and Rakesh K. Studies on water absorption of bamboo-polyester composites: effect of silane treatment of mercerized bamboo. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 2010; 49: 45 – 52.
  • Lee MC and Peppas NA. Water transport in epoxy resins. Progress Polymer Science, 1993; 8: 947 – 961.
  • Karmaker AC. Effect of water absorption on dimensional stability and impact energy of jute fibre reinforced polypropylene. Journal of Material Science Letters, 1997; 16(6): 462-464.
  • Varelidis PC, Papakostopoulos DG, Pandazis CI and Papaspyrides CD. Polyamide coated kevlar fabric in epoxy resin: mechanical properties and moisture absorption studies. Composites Part A, 2000; 31: 549 – 558.
  • Scheirs J. Compositional and Failure Analysis of Polymers- A Practical Approach, New York, John Wiley, 2000.
  • Collings TA. Moisture absorption–Fickian diffusion kinetics and moisture profiles. Handbook of polymer fibre composites. UK: Longman Scientific and Technical; 1994: 366 –371.
  • Shen CH and Springer G. Moisture absorption and desorption of composite materials. Journal of Composite Materials, 1999; 10: 2 – 20.
  • Oladele IO, Akinwekomi AD, Aribo S and Aladenika AK. Development of fibre reinforced cementitious composite for ceiling application. Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering, 2010; 8(8): 591 – 598.
  • Shakeri A and Ghasemian A. Water absorption and thickness swelling behavior of polypropylene reinforced with hybrid recycled newspaper and glass fiber. Applied Composite Materials, 2010; 17, 183 – 193.
  • Najafi SK and Kordkheili HY. Effect of sea water on water absorption and flexural properties of wood-polypropylene composites. European Journal for Wood Production, 2011; 69: 553 – 556.
  • Kord B and Kiaeifar A. Hygroscopic thickness swelling rate of wood polymer nanocomposite. Reinforced Plastic Composite, 2010; 29(23): 3480 – 3485. Kushwaha PK and Kumar R. Studies on water absorption of bamboo-polyester composites: Effect of silane treatment of mercerized bamboo. Polymer-Plastic Technology and Engineering, 2011; 49: 45 – 52.
  • Khairunisa A and Mohd H. Fire resistance properties of palm oil fuel ash cement based aerated concrete. Concrete Research Letters, 2010; 1(3): 107 – 114. American Society of Testing and Materials. Standard test method for moisture absorption property and equilibrium condition polymer matrix composite materials, ASTM D5229M-12, ASTM, 2012.
  • Osman EA, Vakhguelt A, Sbarski I and Mutasher SA. Kenaf/recycled jute natural fibres unsaturated polyester composites: water absorption/dimensional stability and mechanical properties. International Journal of Computational Materials And Engineering, 2012; 1(1): 1 – 17.
  • Sombastsompop N and Chaochanchaikul K. Effect of moisture content on mechanical properties, thermal and structural stability and extruded texture of poly (vinyl chloride)/wood sawdust composites. Polymer International, 2004; 53: 1210 – 1218.
  • Dhakal HN, Zhang ZY and Richardson MOW. Effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hemp fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester composites. Journal of Composite Science and Technology, 2007; 67(7): 1674 – 16
  • Bismarck A, Askargorta IA, Springer J, Lampke T, Wielage B and Stamboulis A. Surface characterization of flax, hemp and cellulose fibres; surface properties and the water uptake behaviour. Polymer Composite, 2002; 23: 872 – 894. Thwe MM and Liao K. Effects of environmental ageing on the mechanical properties of bamboo-glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix hybrid composites. Composites Part A, 2002; 33: 43 – 52.
  • Crank J. The Mathematics of Diffusion, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1975.
  • Cárdenas A, Argüelles Monal W, Goycoolea FM, Higuera Ciapara I and Peniche C. Diffusion through membranes of the polyelectrolyte complex of chitosan and alginate. Macromol Bioscience, 2003; 3: 535 – 539.
  • Munday DL and Cox PL. Compressed xanthan and karaya gum matrices: hydration, erosion and drug release mechanisms. International Journal of Pharmacy, 2002; 203: 179 – 192.
  • Wang J, Wu W and Lin Z. Kinetics and thermodynamics of the water sorption of hydroxyethyl methacrylate/styrene copolymer hydrogels. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2008; 109: 3018 – 3023.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

K.K. Alaneme Bu kişi benim

S.R. Oke Bu kişi benim

J.A. Omotoyinbo - Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Mart 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Alaneme, K., Oke, S., & -, J. O. (2016). Water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fibre. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences, 2(2), 109-120. https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201324253
AMA Alaneme K, Oke S, - JO. Water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fibre. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences. Mart 2016;2(2):109-120. doi:10.12748/uujms.201324253
Chicago Alaneme, K.K., S.R. Oke, ve J.A. Omotoyinbo -. “Water Absorption Characteristics of Polyester Matrix Composites Reinforced With Oil Palm Ash and Oil Palm Fibre”. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences 2, sy. 2 (Mart 2016): 109-20. https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201324253.
EndNote Alaneme K, Oke S, - JO (01 Mart 2016) Water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fibre. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences 2 2 109–120.
IEEE K. Alaneme, S. Oke, ve J. O. -, “Water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fibre”, Usak University Journal of Material Sciences, c. 2, sy. 2, ss. 109–120, 2016, doi: 10.12748/uujms.201324253.
ISNAD Alaneme, K.K. vd. “Water Absorption Characteristics of Polyester Matrix Composites Reinforced With Oil Palm Ash and Oil Palm Fibre”. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences 2/2 (Mart 2016), 109-120. https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201324253.
JAMA Alaneme K, Oke S, - JO. Water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fibre. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences. 2016;2:109–120.
MLA Alaneme, K.K. vd. “Water Absorption Characteristics of Polyester Matrix Composites Reinforced With Oil Palm Ash and Oil Palm Fibre”. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences, c. 2, sy. 2, 2016, ss. 109-20, doi:10.12748/uujms.201324253.
Vancouver Alaneme K, Oke S, - JO. Water absorption characteristics of polyester matrix composites reinforced with oil palm ash and oil palm fibre. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences. 2016;2(2):109-20.