Five-Year Clinical Outcomes and Factors Associated With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Transient ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate five-year clinical outcomes and investigate baseline factors associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients presenting with transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Material and Methods: This retrospective, single-center, observational study included 52 patients who presented between January 2019 and December 2020 with ST-segment elevation on the initial electrocardiogram followed by complete resolution before coronary angiography. The primary outcome was five-year MACE, defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, revascularization, and ischemic cerebrovascular events. Follow-up data were obtained from hospital records and the national electronic health record system. Patients with and without MACE were compared, and associated factors were examined using univariable logistic regression.
Results: The median age was 54.5 years, and 80.8% of patients were male. During five-year follow-up, MACE occurred in 11 patients (21.2%). All-cause mortality was 7.7%, cardiovascular mortality was 1.9%, and acute coronary syndrome and revascularization each occurred in 15.4%. Patients with MACE were older (63.0 vs. 51.0 years; p=0.003) and more frequently had hypertension (72.7% vs. 29.3%; p=0.014) and hyperlipidemia (45.5% vs. 12.2%; p=0.025). In univariable analysis, age (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02-1.17; p=0.016), hypertension (OR: 6.44; 95% CI: 1.46-28.53; p=0.014), and hyperlipidemia (OR: 6.00; 95% CI: 1.32-27.19; p=0.020) were significantly associated with five-year MACE.
Conclusion: Long-term cardiovascular risk was not negligible after transient STEMI despite resolution of ST-segment elevation. Age, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were associated with five-year MACE in univariable analyses and may help identify patients at higher long-term cardiovascular risk.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Health Services and Systems (Other)
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
October 27, 2026
Submission Date
August 2, 2026
Acceptance Date
October 12, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 18 Number: 3
