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Rhetorical analysis of IFI Interiors Declaration

Year 2023, Volume: 6 , 88 - 111, 28.03.2023

Guler Ufuk Demırbas , Özgen Osman Demirbaş

https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.1215968

Abstract

In 2011; after a series of workshops, round table discussions, think-tank sessions and meetings with hundreds of professionals from various fields, International Federation of Interior Architects/Designers (IFI) introduced a striking document coined “IFI Interiors Declaration” as a manifestation of the interiors discipline. This manifesto focuses on the interiors phenomenon through seven predetermined concepts as value, relevance, responsibility, culture, business, knowledge and identity. The IFI Interiors Declaration (IFI ID) is a consensus based vision/mission statement that is manifesting the discipline of interiors through its purpose and value. Rather than trying to come up with a detailed explanatory document like a constitution, it was aimed to provide a more general and brief document for interiors internationally. The study aims to reconsider this historical document through a rhetorical analysis which aims to examine and understand the discourse of the declaration through seven specific concepts in relation with several other discourses and theories. It is concluded that the IFI Interiors Declaration is open for interpretation in relation with cultural and regional means but as a common understanding it is specifically addressing the fact that interior architecture/design supports life and humanity by all its activities, functions and actions.

Keywords

Interior Architecture Interior Design IFI Interior Declaration

Supporting Institution

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Project Number

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Thanks

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References

  • Abercrombie, S. (1990). A philosophy of interior design. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Akkoyunlu, B. (1995). Bilgi Teknolojilerinin Okullarda Kullanımı ve Öğretmenlerin Rolü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (11), 105-09.
  • Aktan, Ç.C. (2007). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk: İşletmeler ve Sosyal Sorumluluk, Ed. Aktan, C. C. İstanbul: İktisadi Girişim ve İş Ahlakı Derneği Yayını, 7-9.
  • Aşıcı, M. (2009). Kişisel ve Sosyal Bir Değer olarak Okuryazarlık. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 7(17), 9-26.
  • Attiwill, S. (2004).Towards an interior history. IDEA Journal, 5(1) 2004, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.37113/ideaj.vi0.215.
  • Balay, R. (2004). Küreselleşme, Bilgi Toplumu ve Eğitim. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 37(2), 61-82.
  • Baxter, P. (1991). Thirty years of growth in the literature of interior design. Journal of Design History, 4(4), 241-250.
  • Bhradwaj, I. (2005). Value-oriented Education. Journal of Value Education, (Jan-July 2005), 58-68.
  • Bowen, H. (1953). Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. New York: Harper.
  • Brooker, G. & Stone, S. (2012a). İç Mimarlıkta Bağlam+Çevre. İstanbul: Literatür Kitapevi.
  • Brooker, G. & Stone, S. (2012b). İç Mimarlıkta Biçim + Yapı. İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları.
  • Caan, S. (2007), Consensus or Confusion. Thinking inside the Box: A Reader in Interior Design for the 21st Century, Ed. Milligan A., Hollis, Ed., Gigli, J., Plunkett, D., Milton, A. & Hay, F. Ifs- Interiors Forum Scotland, Glasgow UK, 49-56.
  • Carlson, D.G. (2007). Determinate being. In: A Commentary to Hegel’s Science of Logic. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Coles, J. & House, N. (2007). İç Mimarlığın Temelleri. İstanbul: Literatür Kitapevi.
  • Damasio, A. (2010). Self Comes to Mind: Constructing the Conscious Brain. New York: Phanthenon.
  • Décor Aid Team. (2021). Interior Design History And Origins Explained. Decoraid. https://www.decoraid.com/blog/interior-design-history/#:~:text=The%20practice%20of%20interior%20design,%2C%20sculptures%2C%20and%20painted%20urns.
  • Demirbaş, Ö.O. (2010). Learning Styles and Academic performances of Design Students. Saarbrücken: Lab Lambert A.P.
  • Demirbaş, Ö.O. (2001). The relation of learning styles and performance scores of the students in interıor architecture education. PhD Dissertation, Ankara: Bilkent University.
  • Demirbaş, Ö.O. (2007). Learning styles of design students and the relationship of academic performance and gender in design education. Learning and Instruction, 17(3), 345-359.
  • Foucault, M. (1972). The Archeology of Knowledge and Discourse on Language. New York: Pantheon Books.
  • Gagich, M. & Zickel, E. (2017) In Practice: A Guide to Rhetoric, Genre, and Success in First-Year Writing. Cleveland: MSL Academic Endeavors, 97-114.
  • Gavin, W.J. (1987). Heroes and Deconstruction: Lermontov's "A Hero of Our Time". Studies in Soviet Thought, 34(4), 255-266.
  • Gieryn, T.F. (2000). A Space for Place in Sociology. Annual Review of Sociology, 26, 243-496.
  • Gürel, M. & Potthoff J.K. (2006). Interior Design in Architectural Education. International Journal of Art & Design Education, 25(2), 217-230.
  • Harvey D. (1996). Justice, Nature and the Geog-raphy of Difference. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
  • Havenhand, L.K (2004). A View from the Margin: Interior Design. Design Issues, 20(4), 32-42.
  • Heidegger, M. (2013). The Essence of Truth: On Plato’s Cave Allegory and Theaetetus. New York: Bllomsbury Academic.
  • Hintehuber, H. H. & Friedrich, S. A. (2002). The technology dimension of strategic leadership: The leadership challenge for production economists. International Journal of Production Economic, (77), 191-203.
  • Hoebel, E. A. (1966) Anthropology: The Study of Man. NewYork: McGraw-Hill.
  • IFI (2022). International Federation of Interior Architects. https://ifiworld.org/
  • IFI (2011). IFI Interiors Declaration (IFI ID). https://ifiworld.org/programs-events/interiors-declaration-adoptions/
  • Joty, S. , Carenini, G. & Ng, Raymond T. (2015). CODRA: A Novel Discriminative Framework for Rhetorical Analysis. Computational Linguistics, 41(3): 385–435.
  • Kaptan, B. B. (2013) İçmimarlıkta meslek kuruluşu ve örgütlenme sorunu - I: Meslek kuruluşu ve örgütlenme süreci. İçmimar, (30), 77-80.
  • Kaptan, B. B. (2003). 20. yüzyıldaki toplumsal değişimler paralelinde iç mekan tasarımı eğitimin gelişimi. Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • Kaptan, B. (1998). İç Mimarlığın Oluşumu ve Örgütlenme Süreci. Anadolu Sanat, (8), 64-67.
  • Karslı, U. T. (2013). Integrating sustainability in interior design studio. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 4th International Conference on New Horizons in Education, (106), 1532-1539.
  • Keuler-Venter, S. (2011). An Installation Proposal for the IFI InsideOut Interiors Biennale 2013: A Celebratiom of the Found Space. Master Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Sıuth Africa.
  • Königk, R. (2015). Interior design’s occupational closure: an ethical opportunity. The Design Education Forum of Southern Africa, International DEFSA Design Education Conference, (7th: 2015), Midrand, South Africa, 182-190.
  • Königk, R. & Bakker, K.A. (2012). Architecture's 'other' : an ontological reading of the abject relationship with interior design. Image & Text: A Journal for Design, 20(1), 110-126.
  • Königk, R. (2010). Interior design as architecture’s ‘Other’. Master of Interior Architecture in the Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology. Pretoria: University of Pretoria.
  • Kristeva, J. (1982). Powers of horror: an essay on abjection. New York: Colombia University Press.
  • Kucko, J. (2016). Reflections on Global Citizenship: A Personal Journey (and Call to Action). Journal of Interior Design 41(2), 5–10.
  • Kuçuradi, İ. (1998). İnsan ve Değerler. Ankara: Türk Felsefe Kurumu Yayınları.
  • Lefebvre H. (1991). The Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Levine, D. (1971). On Individuality and Social Forms (Introduction section), Ed. Donald Levine; Author Simmel, G. Chicago University Press.
  • Macionis, J. & Gerber, L. (2010). Sociology (7th edition). Canada: Pearson Education.
  • Mackenzie, D. & Spinardi, G. (1995). Tacit Knowledge, Weapons Design, and Uninvention of Nuclear Weapons. American Journal of Sociology,101(1), 44-99.
  • Merriam Webster Dictionary, (2022). https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary.
  • Morgan, T.D. (1977). The Evolving Concept of Professional Responsibility. Harvard Law Review I, 90(4), 702-7043.
  • Niiniluoto, I. (2014). Values in design science. Studies in History and Philosophy of Sciences, 46, 11-15.
  • Oxford Dictionaries, (2015). http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/value.
  • Özdamar, M. & Bilge, B. (2017). The Interaction of the Design Studios with the Professional Life in Interior Architecture/Design. Current Researches in Geography, IASSR International Assosiation of Social Science Research. Eds. Hasan Arslan, Mehmt Ali İçbay & Kosyo Stoychev. www.e-bwn.com, 319-326.
  • Parekh, B. (2002). Çokkültürlülüğü Yeniden Düşünmek; Kültürel Çeşitlilik ve Siyasi Teori. Tanrıseven, B. (translator), Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Portillo, M. (2015). Janus Redux: Looking Back, Looking Forward. Journal of Interior Design. 40(3), v–vii.
  • Pottgiesser, U. (2011). Interior as a Academic Discipline in Germany. Journal of Interior Design, 36(4), v-xiv.
  • Preston, J. (ed.) (1999). P.K. Feyerabend: Knowledge, Science and Relativism. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Proto, M.E. (2014). Marmara Üniversitesi-İçmimarlık ve Çevre Tasarımı Bölümü Başkanı Prof. Meltem Eti Proto Söyleşisi. İçmimar, (32), 68-72.
  • Report, D. (2011) Design+Culture: A Return to Fundamentalism. www.davidreport.com
  • Rice, C. (2003). Bourgeois inhabitations: Theory and the historical emergence of the interior. Architectural Theory Review, 8(2), 143-151.
  • Rowe, P. (1987). Design Thinking. London: MIT Press
  • Sanoff, H. (2007). Special issue on participatory design. Design Studies, 28(3), 213-215.
  • Schon, D. A. (1987). Educating the reflective practitioner: Towards a new design for teaching in the professions. San Francisco: Jossey-BassPublishers.
  • Schon, D. A. (1984). The architectural studio as an exemplar of education for reflection-in action. Journal of Architectural Education, 38, 2-9.
  • Tate, A. & Smith, C. R. (1986). Interior Design in the 20th Century. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Thompson, J.A.A. (1992). ASID-Professional Practice Manual. New York: Whitney Library of Design.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK). Türkçe Sözlük, http://www.tdk.gov.tr
  • Ulusoy, K. & Dinçman, B. (2015). Değerler Eğitimi. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Waxman, L. (2017). The role of place in well-being. Health and Well-being for Interior Architecture, Ed. Kopec, D. New York: Routledge, 159-168.
  • Yazıcıoğlu, D. (2014). İç mekan tasarımında mekansal algının artırılmasına yönelik ön çalışmalar. İçmimar, (32), 90-91.
  • Zachry, M. (2009) Rhetorical Analysis. Handbook of Business Discourse. Ed. Francessca Bargiela-Chiappini. Edinburg: Edinburgh University Press, 68-79.

IFI Interiors deklarasyonunun retorik analizi

Year 2023, Volume: 6 , 88 - 111, 28.03.2023

Guler Ufuk Demırbas , Özgen Osman Demirbaş

https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.1215968

Abstract

2011 yılında; Uluslararası İçmimarlar/Tasarımcılar Federasyonu (IFI), bir dizi çalıştay, yuvarlak masa tartışmaları, think-tank oturumları ve çeşitli alanlardan yüzlerce profesyonelle yapılan toplantıların ardından, iç mekan disiplininin bir tezahürü olarak ortaya atılan “İç Mekanlar Deklarasyonu” adlı çarpıcı bir belgeyi tanıttı. Bu manifesto; değer, ilinti, sorumluluk, kültür, iş dünyası, bilgi ve kimlik gibi önceden belirlenmiş yedi kavram aracılığıyla iç mekan olgusuna odaklanmaktadır. IFI İç Mekanlar Deklarasyonu (IFI ID), amacı ve değeri aracılığıyla iç mekan disiplinini ortaya koyan fikir birliğine dayalı bir vizyon/misyon beyanıdır. Anayasa gibi detaylı açıklayıcı bir belge ortaya konulmaya çalışmak yerine, içmimarlık üzerine uluslararası düzeyde daha genel ve kısa bir belge konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma, bu tarihsel belgeyi deklarasyonun söyleminin dayandığı yedi özel kavram üzerinden diğer birçok söylem ve kuramla bağlantılı olarak incelemeyi ve anlamayı amaçlayan retorik bir analizle yeniden ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. IFI İç Mekanlar Deklarasyonu'nun kültürel ve bölgesel anlamda yoruma açık olduğu ancak ortak bir anlayış olarak iç mimarinin tüm faaliyet, işlev ve eylemleriyle yaşamı ve insanlığı desteklediği gerçeğini özel olarak ele aldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

İçmimari İç mekan tasarımı IFI İç mekanlar deklarasyonu

Project Number

-

References

  • Abercrombie, S. (1990). A philosophy of interior design. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Akkoyunlu, B. (1995). Bilgi Teknolojilerinin Okullarda Kullanımı ve Öğretmenlerin Rolü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (11), 105-09.
  • Aktan, Ç.C. (2007). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk: İşletmeler ve Sosyal Sorumluluk, Ed. Aktan, C. C. İstanbul: İktisadi Girişim ve İş Ahlakı Derneği Yayını, 7-9.
  • Aşıcı, M. (2009). Kişisel ve Sosyal Bir Değer olarak Okuryazarlık. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 7(17), 9-26.
  • Attiwill, S. (2004).Towards an interior history. IDEA Journal, 5(1) 2004, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.37113/ideaj.vi0.215.
  • Balay, R. (2004). Küreselleşme, Bilgi Toplumu ve Eğitim. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 37(2), 61-82.
  • Baxter, P. (1991). Thirty years of growth in the literature of interior design. Journal of Design History, 4(4), 241-250.
  • Bhradwaj, I. (2005). Value-oriented Education. Journal of Value Education, (Jan-July 2005), 58-68.
  • Bowen, H. (1953). Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. New York: Harper.
  • Brooker, G. & Stone, S. (2012a). İç Mimarlıkta Bağlam+Çevre. İstanbul: Literatür Kitapevi.
  • Brooker, G. & Stone, S. (2012b). İç Mimarlıkta Biçim + Yapı. İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları.
  • Caan, S. (2007), Consensus or Confusion. Thinking inside the Box: A Reader in Interior Design for the 21st Century, Ed. Milligan A., Hollis, Ed., Gigli, J., Plunkett, D., Milton, A. & Hay, F. Ifs- Interiors Forum Scotland, Glasgow UK, 49-56.
  • Carlson, D.G. (2007). Determinate being. In: A Commentary to Hegel’s Science of Logic. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Coles, J. & House, N. (2007). İç Mimarlığın Temelleri. İstanbul: Literatür Kitapevi.
  • Damasio, A. (2010). Self Comes to Mind: Constructing the Conscious Brain. New York: Phanthenon.
  • Décor Aid Team. (2021). Interior Design History And Origins Explained. Decoraid. https://www.decoraid.com/blog/interior-design-history/#:~:text=The%20practice%20of%20interior%20design,%2C%20sculptures%2C%20and%20painted%20urns.
  • Demirbaş, Ö.O. (2010). Learning Styles and Academic performances of Design Students. Saarbrücken: Lab Lambert A.P.
  • Demirbaş, Ö.O. (2001). The relation of learning styles and performance scores of the students in interıor architecture education. PhD Dissertation, Ankara: Bilkent University.
  • Demirbaş, Ö.O. (2007). Learning styles of design students and the relationship of academic performance and gender in design education. Learning and Instruction, 17(3), 345-359.
  • Foucault, M. (1972). The Archeology of Knowledge and Discourse on Language. New York: Pantheon Books.
  • Gagich, M. & Zickel, E. (2017) In Practice: A Guide to Rhetoric, Genre, and Success in First-Year Writing. Cleveland: MSL Academic Endeavors, 97-114.
  • Gavin, W.J. (1987). Heroes and Deconstruction: Lermontov's "A Hero of Our Time". Studies in Soviet Thought, 34(4), 255-266.
  • Gieryn, T.F. (2000). A Space for Place in Sociology. Annual Review of Sociology, 26, 243-496.
  • Gürel, M. & Potthoff J.K. (2006). Interior Design in Architectural Education. International Journal of Art & Design Education, 25(2), 217-230.
  • Harvey D. (1996). Justice, Nature and the Geog-raphy of Difference. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
  • Havenhand, L.K (2004). A View from the Margin: Interior Design. Design Issues, 20(4), 32-42.
  • Heidegger, M. (2013). The Essence of Truth: On Plato’s Cave Allegory and Theaetetus. New York: Bllomsbury Academic.
  • Hintehuber, H. H. & Friedrich, S. A. (2002). The technology dimension of strategic leadership: The leadership challenge for production economists. International Journal of Production Economic, (77), 191-203.
  • Hoebel, E. A. (1966) Anthropology: The Study of Man. NewYork: McGraw-Hill.
  • IFI (2022). International Federation of Interior Architects. https://ifiworld.org/
  • IFI (2011). IFI Interiors Declaration (IFI ID). https://ifiworld.org/programs-events/interiors-declaration-adoptions/
  • Joty, S. , Carenini, G. & Ng, Raymond T. (2015). CODRA: A Novel Discriminative Framework for Rhetorical Analysis. Computational Linguistics, 41(3): 385–435.
  • Kaptan, B. B. (2013) İçmimarlıkta meslek kuruluşu ve örgütlenme sorunu - I: Meslek kuruluşu ve örgütlenme süreci. İçmimar, (30), 77-80.
  • Kaptan, B. B. (2003). 20. yüzyıldaki toplumsal değişimler paralelinde iç mekan tasarımı eğitimin gelişimi. Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • Kaptan, B. (1998). İç Mimarlığın Oluşumu ve Örgütlenme Süreci. Anadolu Sanat, (8), 64-67.
  • Karslı, U. T. (2013). Integrating sustainability in interior design studio. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 4th International Conference on New Horizons in Education, (106), 1532-1539.
  • Keuler-Venter, S. (2011). An Installation Proposal for the IFI InsideOut Interiors Biennale 2013: A Celebratiom of the Found Space. Master Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Sıuth Africa.
  • Königk, R. (2015). Interior design’s occupational closure: an ethical opportunity. The Design Education Forum of Southern Africa, International DEFSA Design Education Conference, (7th: 2015), Midrand, South Africa, 182-190.
  • Königk, R. & Bakker, K.A. (2012). Architecture's 'other' : an ontological reading of the abject relationship with interior design. Image & Text: A Journal for Design, 20(1), 110-126.
  • Königk, R. (2010). Interior design as architecture’s ‘Other’. Master of Interior Architecture in the Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology. Pretoria: University of Pretoria.
  • Kristeva, J. (1982). Powers of horror: an essay on abjection. New York: Colombia University Press.
  • Kucko, J. (2016). Reflections on Global Citizenship: A Personal Journey (and Call to Action). Journal of Interior Design 41(2), 5–10.
  • Kuçuradi, İ. (1998). İnsan ve Değerler. Ankara: Türk Felsefe Kurumu Yayınları.
  • Lefebvre H. (1991). The Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Levine, D. (1971). On Individuality and Social Forms (Introduction section), Ed. Donald Levine; Author Simmel, G. Chicago University Press.
  • Macionis, J. & Gerber, L. (2010). Sociology (7th edition). Canada: Pearson Education.
  • Mackenzie, D. & Spinardi, G. (1995). Tacit Knowledge, Weapons Design, and Uninvention of Nuclear Weapons. American Journal of Sociology,101(1), 44-99.
  • Merriam Webster Dictionary, (2022). https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary.
  • Morgan, T.D. (1977). The Evolving Concept of Professional Responsibility. Harvard Law Review I, 90(4), 702-7043.
  • Niiniluoto, I. (2014). Values in design science. Studies in History and Philosophy of Sciences, 46, 11-15.
  • Oxford Dictionaries, (2015). http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/value.
  • Özdamar, M. & Bilge, B. (2017). The Interaction of the Design Studios with the Professional Life in Interior Architecture/Design. Current Researches in Geography, IASSR International Assosiation of Social Science Research. Eds. Hasan Arslan, Mehmt Ali İçbay & Kosyo Stoychev. www.e-bwn.com, 319-326.
  • Parekh, B. (2002). Çokkültürlülüğü Yeniden Düşünmek; Kültürel Çeşitlilik ve Siyasi Teori. Tanrıseven, B. (translator), Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Portillo, M. (2015). Janus Redux: Looking Back, Looking Forward. Journal of Interior Design. 40(3), v–vii.
  • Pottgiesser, U. (2011). Interior as a Academic Discipline in Germany. Journal of Interior Design, 36(4), v-xiv.
  • Preston, J. (ed.) (1999). P.K. Feyerabend: Knowledge, Science and Relativism. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Proto, M.E. (2014). Marmara Üniversitesi-İçmimarlık ve Çevre Tasarımı Bölümü Başkanı Prof. Meltem Eti Proto Söyleşisi. İçmimar, (32), 68-72.
  • Report, D. (2011) Design+Culture: A Return to Fundamentalism. www.davidreport.com
  • Rice, C. (2003). Bourgeois inhabitations: Theory and the historical emergence of the interior. Architectural Theory Review, 8(2), 143-151.
  • Rowe, P. (1987). Design Thinking. London: MIT Press
  • Sanoff, H. (2007). Special issue on participatory design. Design Studies, 28(3), 213-215.
  • Schon, D. A. (1987). Educating the reflective practitioner: Towards a new design for teaching in the professions. San Francisco: Jossey-BassPublishers.
  • Schon, D. A. (1984). The architectural studio as an exemplar of education for reflection-in action. Journal of Architectural Education, 38, 2-9.
  • Tate, A. & Smith, C. R. (1986). Interior Design in the 20th Century. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Thompson, J.A.A. (1992). ASID-Professional Practice Manual. New York: Whitney Library of Design.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK). Türkçe Sözlük, http://www.tdk.gov.tr
  • Ulusoy, K. & Dinçman, B. (2015). Değerler Eğitimi. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Waxman, L. (2017). The role of place in well-being. Health and Well-being for Interior Architecture, Ed. Kopec, D. New York: Routledge, 159-168.
  • Yazıcıoğlu, D. (2014). İç mekan tasarımında mekansal algının artırılmasına yönelik ön çalışmalar. İçmimar, (32), 90-91.
  • Zachry, M. (2009) Rhetorical Analysis. Handbook of Business Discourse. Ed. Francessca Bargiela-Chiappini. Edinburg: Edinburgh University Press, 68-79.
There are 70 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Architecture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Guler Ufuk Demırbas 0000-0001-6235-6836

Özgen Osman Demirbaş 0000-0002-8279-2157

Project Number -
Publication Date March 28, 2023
Submission Date December 7, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6

Cite

APA Demırbas, G. U., & Demirbaş, Ö. O. (2023). Rhetorical analysis of IFI Interiors Declaration. GRID - Mimarlık Planlama Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 6, 88-111. https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.1215968
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