Abstract
In this comprehensive exploration, the study explores the relationship between shape and the di-mensional accuracy of components manufactured through additive manufacturing processes. The methodology involves the adept utilization of Autodesk Inventor Software, strategically embossing capital letters from A to O onto a rectangular plate. The resulting models are exported in STL for-mat, laying the foundation for rapid prototyping. The investigation unfolds with the application of a Prusa İ3 desktop 3D printer, where specific settings, including layer height (ranging from 90 to 300 microns), 20% infill density, and a heated bed temperature of 60 ºC, are scrupulously chosen. Three different embossing methods are examined in this study to see how each affects dimensional cor-rectness. These methods are join, cut half, and cut through. Through a meticulous comparative analysis, facilitated by high-resolution image acquisition and advanced processing techniques like binarizing and edge detection, the study discerns that embossing with join yields shapes character-ized by higher dimensional accuracy, a conclusion substantiated by correlation coefficient analysis. This research stands as a significant contribution, offering valuable insights into optimizing additive manufacturing processes and elevating dimensional precision in 3D printed components.
Keywords
Additive Manufacturing Shape Effects Image Processing Edge Detection Dimensional Accuracy STL Format.
References
- 1.Turner, N., Strong, B. and Gold, S.A., “Review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing pro-cesses: I. Process design and modeling”, Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 20, Issue 3, Pages 192-204, 2014.
- 2.Turner, B.N and Gold, S.A., “A review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing processes: II. Materials, dimensional accuracy, and surface roughness”, Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages 250-261, 2015.
- 3.Ahn, S.H., Montero, M., Odell, D., Roundy., S and Wright, P.K., “Anisotropic material proper-ties of fused deposition modeling ABS”, Rapid prototyping journal, Vol. 8, Issue 4, Pages 248-257, 2002.
- 4.Rodríguez, J.F., Thomas, J.P and Renaud, J.E., "Mechanical behavior of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) fused deposition materials. Exper-imental investigation”, Rapid Prototyping Jour-nal, Vol. 7, Issue 3, Pages 148-158, 2001.
- 5.Hanon, M., László Z. and Quanjin M., "Accura-cy investigation of 3D printed PLA with various process parameters and different colors", Mate-rials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 42, Pages 3089-3096, 2021.
- 6.Akbaş, O. E., Hıra, O., Hervan, S. Z., Samankan, S. and Altınkaynak A., “A. Dimensional accuracy of FDM-printed polymer parts”, Rapid Prototyp-ing Journal, Vol. 26, Issue 2, Pages 288-298, 2020.
- 7.Borra N. and Venkata N., "Parametric optimiza-tion for dimensional correctness of 3D printed part using masked stereolithography: Taguchi method", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 29, Issue 1, Pages 166-184, 2023.
- 8.Resende, C. C. D., Barbosa, T. A. Q., Moura, G. F., Rizzante, F. A. P., Mendonça, G., Zancopé, K., and Neves, F. D., “Cost and effectiveness of 3-dimensionally printed model using three differ-ent printing layer parameters and two resins”, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, Vol. 129, Issue 2, Pages 350-353, 2023.
- 9.Zarean, P., Malgaroli, P., Zarean, P., Seiler, D., de Wild, M., Thieringer, F. M. and Sharma, N., “Effect of printing parameters on mechanical performance of material-extrusion 3D-printed PEEK specimens at the Point-of-care”, Applied Sciences, Vol.13, Issue 3, 2023.
- 10. Akıncıoğlu G, Şirin E, Aslan E., “Tribological characteristics of ABS structures with different infill densities tested by pin-on-disc”, Proceed-ings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology. 2023 Vol. 237, Issue 5, Pages 1224-1234,2023.
- 11. Norani M.N, Abdollah M.F, Abdullah M.I, Amiruddin H, Ramli F.R, Tamaldin N, “3D print-ing parameters of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer for friction and wear analysis using response surface methodology”, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, Vol.235, Issue 2, Pages 468-477, 2021.
- 12. Chand R., Sharma V.S., Trehan R., Gupta M.K., Sarikaya M., “Investigating the dimension-al accuracy and surface roughness for 3D printed parts using a multi-jet printer”, Journal of Mate-rials Engineering and Performance, Vol.32 Issue 3, Pages 1145-1159, 2023.
- 13. Buj-Corral I., Zayas-Figueras E.E., “Compara-tive study about dimensional accuracy and form errors of FFF printed spur gears using PLA and Nylon. Polymer Testing”, Vol. 117:107862,2023.
- 14. Moradi M,, Beygi R., Mohd. Yusof N., Amiri A., da Silva L.F., Sharif S.,”3D printing of acry-lonitrile butadiene styrene by fused deposition modeling: Artificial neural network and response surface method analyses” Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol.32, Issue 4 Pages 2016-2023,2023.
- 15. Zhao X., Li Q., Xiao M., He Z., “Defect detec-tion of 3D printing surface based on geometric local domain features, “The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 125, Pages 183-194, 2023.
- 16.Sucuoglu, H. S., Bogrekci, I. and Demircioglu, P., “The Effect of Shape on the Dimensional Accuracy for 3d Printed Parts”, In: 4th Interna-tional Congress on 3d Printing (Additive Manu-facturing) Technologies and Digital Industry, Pages 11-14, Antalya, Turkey, 2019.
- 17.Dharampal, M.V., “Methods of Image Edge Detection: A Review”, Journal of Electrical & Electronic Systems, Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2015.
- 18.Melin, P., González, C., Castro, J., Mendoza, O. and Castillo, O., “Edge detection method for image processing based on generalized type-2 fuzzy logic”, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Sys-tems, Vol. 22, Pages 1515-1525, 2013.
Abstract
In this comprehensive exploration, the study explores the relationship between shape and the di-mensional accuracy of components manufactured through additive manufacturing processes. The methodology involves the adept utilization of Autodesk Inventor Software, strategically embossing capital letters from A to O onto a rectangular plate. The resulting models are exported in STL for-mat, laying the foundation for rapid prototyping. The investigation unfolds with the application of a Prusa İ3 desktop 3D printer, where specific settings, including layer height (ranging from 90 to 300 microns), 20% infill density, and a heated bed temperature of 60 ºC, are scrupulously chosen. Three different embossing methods are examined in this study to see how each affects dimensional cor-rectness. These methods are join, cut half, and cut through. Through a meticulous comparative analysis, facilitated by high-resolution image acquisition and advanced processing techniques like binarizing and edge detection, the study discerns that embossing with join yields shapes character-ized by higher dimensional accuracy, a conclusion substantiated by correlation coefficient analysis. This research stands as a significant contribution, offering valuable insights into optimizing additive manufacturing processes and elevating dimensional precision in 3D printed components.
Keywords
Additive Manufacturing Shape Effects Image Processing Edge Detection Dimensional Accuracy STL Format.
References
- 1.Turner, N., Strong, B. and Gold, S.A., “Review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing pro-cesses: I. Process design and modeling”, Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 20, Issue 3, Pages 192-204, 2014.
- 2.Turner, B.N and Gold, S.A., “A review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing processes: II. Materials, dimensional accuracy, and surface roughness”, Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages 250-261, 2015.
- 3.Ahn, S.H., Montero, M., Odell, D., Roundy., S and Wright, P.K., “Anisotropic material proper-ties of fused deposition modeling ABS”, Rapid prototyping journal, Vol. 8, Issue 4, Pages 248-257, 2002.
- 4.Rodríguez, J.F., Thomas, J.P and Renaud, J.E., "Mechanical behavior of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) fused deposition materials. Exper-imental investigation”, Rapid Prototyping Jour-nal, Vol. 7, Issue 3, Pages 148-158, 2001.
- 5.Hanon, M., László Z. and Quanjin M., "Accura-cy investigation of 3D printed PLA with various process parameters and different colors", Mate-rials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 42, Pages 3089-3096, 2021.
- 6.Akbaş, O. E., Hıra, O., Hervan, S. Z., Samankan, S. and Altınkaynak A., “A. Dimensional accuracy of FDM-printed polymer parts”, Rapid Prototyp-ing Journal, Vol. 26, Issue 2, Pages 288-298, 2020.
- 7.Borra N. and Venkata N., "Parametric optimiza-tion for dimensional correctness of 3D printed part using masked stereolithography: Taguchi method", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 29, Issue 1, Pages 166-184, 2023.
- 8.Resende, C. C. D., Barbosa, T. A. Q., Moura, G. F., Rizzante, F. A. P., Mendonça, G., Zancopé, K., and Neves, F. D., “Cost and effectiveness of 3-dimensionally printed model using three differ-ent printing layer parameters and two resins”, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, Vol. 129, Issue 2, Pages 350-353, 2023.
- 9.Zarean, P., Malgaroli, P., Zarean, P., Seiler, D., de Wild, M., Thieringer, F. M. and Sharma, N., “Effect of printing parameters on mechanical performance of material-extrusion 3D-printed PEEK specimens at the Point-of-care”, Applied Sciences, Vol.13, Issue 3, 2023.
- 10. Akıncıoğlu G, Şirin E, Aslan E., “Tribological characteristics of ABS structures with different infill densities tested by pin-on-disc”, Proceed-ings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology. 2023 Vol. 237, Issue 5, Pages 1224-1234,2023.
- 11. Norani M.N, Abdollah M.F, Abdullah M.I, Amiruddin H, Ramli F.R, Tamaldin N, “3D print-ing parameters of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer for friction and wear analysis using response surface methodology”, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, Vol.235, Issue 2, Pages 468-477, 2021.
- 12. Chand R., Sharma V.S., Trehan R., Gupta M.K., Sarikaya M., “Investigating the dimension-al accuracy and surface roughness for 3D printed parts using a multi-jet printer”, Journal of Mate-rials Engineering and Performance, Vol.32 Issue 3, Pages 1145-1159, 2023.
- 13. Buj-Corral I., Zayas-Figueras E.E., “Compara-tive study about dimensional accuracy and form errors of FFF printed spur gears using PLA and Nylon. Polymer Testing”, Vol. 117:107862,2023.
- 14. Moradi M,, Beygi R., Mohd. Yusof N., Amiri A., da Silva L.F., Sharif S.,”3D printing of acry-lonitrile butadiene styrene by fused deposition modeling: Artificial neural network and response surface method analyses” Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol.32, Issue 4 Pages 2016-2023,2023.
- 15. Zhao X., Li Q., Xiao M., He Z., “Defect detec-tion of 3D printing surface based on geometric local domain features, “The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 125, Pages 183-194, 2023.
- 16.Sucuoglu, H. S., Bogrekci, I. and Demircioglu, P., “The Effect of Shape on the Dimensional Accuracy for 3d Printed Parts”, In: 4th Interna-tional Congress on 3d Printing (Additive Manu-facturing) Technologies and Digital Industry, Pages 11-14, Antalya, Turkey, 2019.
- 17.Dharampal, M.V., “Methods of Image Edge Detection: A Review”, Journal of Electrical & Electronic Systems, Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2015.
- 18.Melin, P., González, C., Castro, J., Mendoza, O. and Castillo, O., “Edge detection method for image processing based on generalized type-2 fuzzy logic”, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Sys-tems, Vol. 22, Pages 1515-1525, 2013.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Optimization Techniques in Mechanical Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | January 9, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | April 16, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 1 |
Cite
International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry is lisenced under Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı