Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

STATCOM’un Hidro-Termal Optimal Güç Akışı Algoritmasına Dahil Edilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 523 - 540, 30.09.2025

Muyideen Olalekan Lawal Ridwan Gbolahan Lateef , Sarafa Olayide Rasheed

https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1341697

Abstract

Bu makale, Senkron Statik Kompanzatör (STATCOM) güç akışı modellerinin bir hidrotermal optimum güç akışı (HTOPF) algoritmasına dahil edilmesinin sonuçlarını sunmaktadır. STATCOM temel olarak kaynak dönüştürücünün voltaj büyüklüğünü ve faz açısını algoritmaya dahil eder. Dahil edilen her STATCOM için, genişletilmiş bir Lagrangian fonksiyonu oluşturulmuştur. Bu fonksiyonların birinci ve ikinci türevleri mevcut bir algoritmanın gradyan vektörüne ve Hessian matrisine eklenmiştir. Değiştirilmiş algoritma MATLAB R2018a kullanılarak uygulanmış ve 30 ve 57 bara sistemlerinde test edilmiştir. İki ve üç STATCOM sırasıyla 30 ve 57 bara sistemlerinde test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, STATCOM’ların şebekeye gerekli reaktif gücün enjeksiyonu ve emilimi yoluyla sistemlerin voltaj profilini önemli ölçüde iyileştirdiğini göstermiştir. Ancak, toplam sistemlerin günlük enerji kaybı, günlük enerji üretimleri (her iki santralden), günlük yakıt maliyeti ve hidro santral su değeri üzerindeki etkileri önemsizdir.

Keywords

HTOPF STATCOM gerilim büyüklüğü reaktif güç optimizasyon aralığı

References

  • El-Hawary ME, Christensen GS. Optimal Economic Operationof Electric Power Systems. New York: Academic Press Inc. 1979.
  • Momoh JA. Electric Power System Applications of Optimisation. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2001.
  • Komolafe OA. A Practical Approach for Hydro-Thermal Scheduling. Master’s Thesis at the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, 1983, Canada.
  • Jianxin T, Peter BL. Hydro-thermal Scheduling Via Extended Differential Dynamic Programming and Mixed Coordination. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 1995; 10(4):2021-2028.
  • El-Hawary ME, Mbamalu GAN. Modeling the Incremental Cost and WaterConversion Functions for Hydro-ThermalCoordination Studies. Electric Machines & Power Systems, 1991;19(3): 271-285.
  • Farhat IA, El-Hawary ME. Optimisation methods applied for solving the short-term Hydro-thermalcoordination problem. Electric Power Systems Research, 2009; (79): 1308–1320.
  • Sowmith P, Madhusudhanrao R, Gouthamkumar N. Optimal Scheduling of Hydrothermal Plant Using Particle Swarm Optimization. In: Deepak, B., Parhi, D., Jena, P. (eds) Innovative Product Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Systems. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore, 2020.
  • Das D, Bhattacharya A, Ray RN. Optimal scheduling of hydrothermal system considering variable nature of water transportation delay. Scientia Iranica, 2022; 29(2): 749-770.
  • Gupta SK, Dalal A. Optimisation of hourly plants water discharges in hydrothermal scheduling using the flower pollination algorithm, International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2023;44(1): 686-692.
  • Tehzeeb-ul-Hassan, Thamer Alquthami, Saad Ehsan Butt, Muhammad Faizan Tahir, Kashif Mehmood. Short-term optimal scheduling of hydro-thermal power plants using artificial bee colony algorithm. Energy Reports, 2020, Volume 6, 984-992.
  • Das S, Bhattacharya A. Symbiotic organisms search algorithm for short-term hydrothermal scheduling. Ain Shams Eng J. 2016.
  • Padmini S, Rajan CCA, Chaudhuri S, Chakraborty A. Optimal Scheduling of Short Term Hydrothermal Coordination for an Indian Utility System Using Genetic Algorithm. In: Satapathy, S., Udgata, S., Biswal, B. (eds) Proceedings of the International Conference on Frontiers of Intelligent Computing: Theory and Applications (FICTA). Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Volume 199, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013.
  • Dai E, Türkay BE. Power dispatch of hydrothermal coordination using evolutionary algorithm.2009 International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering. ELECO 2009, Bursa, Turkey.
  • Swain RK, Barisal AK, Hota PK, Chakrabarti R. Short-term Hydro-thermal scheduling using clonal selection algorithm. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 2011; 33(3), 647-656.
  • Nanda J, Bijwe PR. Optimal Hydro-thermal Scheduling with Cascaded Plants Using Progressive Optimality. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, 1981;100(4): 2093-2099.
  • Hua W, Hiroshi S, Junji K. A Decoupled Solution of Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Problemby Means of Interior Point Method and Network Programming. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 1998;13(2): 286-293.
  • Habibollahzadeh H, Luo GX, Semlyen A. Hydro-thermal Optimal Load Flow Based on a Combined Linear and NonlinearProgramming Methodology. IEEE Transaction on PowerSystems, 1989;4(2): 530-537.
  • Sentil-Kumar V, Mohan MR. A genetic algorithm solution to the optimal short-term Hydro-thermal scheduling. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 2011; (33): 827–835.
  • El-Hawary ME, Tsang DH. The Hydro-thermal Optimal Load Flow: APractical Formulation and Solution Techniques Using Newton's Approach. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 1986;1(3): 157-167.
  • Ravindranath KM, El-Hawary ME. The Hydro-ThermalOptimal Power Flow Problem inRectangular Coordinates. Electric Machines & Power Systems, 1988; 14(5): 295-315.
  • Ravindranath KM, El-Hawary ME. Minimum Loss Power Flow in Hydro ThermalElectric Power Systems Based on Kron's Loss Formula. . Electric Machines & Power Systems, 1989; (3): 149-156.
  • EL-Hawary ME, Ravindranath KM. A General Overview ofMultiple Objective OptimalPower Flow in Hydro-thermal ElectricPower Systems. . Electric Machines & Power Systems, 1991; (3): 313-327.
  • EL-Hawary ME, Ravindranath KM. Combining Loss and Cost Objectives inDaily Hydro-Thermal Economic Scheduling. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 1991; 6(3): 1106-1112.
  • Lawal MO, Komolafe OA, Ajewole TO. Power-Flow-Tracing-Based Congestion Management in a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2019; 7(3): 538-548.
  • Lawal MO, Komolafe OA. Decomposition Approach to the Newton-Raphson Based Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. Zaria Journal of Electrical Engineering Technology, (2020a); 9(1): 82-94.
  • Lawal MO, Komolafe OA. Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Analysis of the 34-Bus Nigerian power Network. American Journal of Engineering Research, (2020b); 9(6): 1-9.
  • Kazemtabrizi, B. and Acha, E. (2014). An advanced STATCOM model for optimal power flows using Newton's method. IEEE transactions on power systems, 29 (2), 514-525.
  • Yanmaz K, Altas IH, Mengi OO. Five Level Cascaded H-Bridge D-STATCOM using a new Fuzzy and PI Controllers model for Wind Energy Systems, Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering, (2017);17(4): 49-58.
  • Mengi OO. Comparison of MPC based advanced hybrid controllers for STATCOM in medium scale PEM fuel cell systems, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, (2020); 45(43): 23327-23342.
  • Acha E, Fuerte-Esquivel CR, Ambriz Perez H. Angelas-Camacho C. FACTS Modeling and Simulation in Power Networks. England: John Wiley and Sons Limited, (2004).
  • Zimmerman RD, Murillo-Sanchez CE, Thomas RJ. MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Researchand Education. IEEE Transactions onPower Systems, (2011); 26(1): 12-19.

Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 523 - 540, 30.09.2025

Muyideen Olalekan Lawal Ridwan Gbolahan Lateef , Sarafa Olayide Rasheed

https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1341697

Abstract

This paper presents the results of the inclusion of Synchronous Static Compensator (STATCOM) power flow models into a hydro-thermal optimal power flow (HTOPF) algorithm. STATCOM basically introduces the voltage magnitude and phase angle of the source converter into the algorithm. For each incorporated STATCOM, an augmented Lagrangian function was formed. The first and second derivatives of these functions were added to the gradient vector and Hessian matrix of an existing algorithm. The modified algorithm was implemented using MATLAB R2018a and tested on 30 and 57 bus systems. Two and three STATCOMs were, respectively, tested on 30 and 57 bus systems. The results obtained showed that the STATCOMs significantly improved the systems’ voltage profile through the injection and absorption of required reactive power into the networks. However, its impacts on the total systems daily energy loss, daily energy generations (from both plants), daily fuel cost and hydro plant water worth are insignificant.

Keywords

HTOPF STATCOM voltage magnitude reactive power optimization interval

Supporting Institution

Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.

References

  • El-Hawary ME, Christensen GS. Optimal Economic Operationof Electric Power Systems. New York: Academic Press Inc. 1979.
  • Momoh JA. Electric Power System Applications of Optimisation. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2001.
  • Komolafe OA. A Practical Approach for Hydro-Thermal Scheduling. Master’s Thesis at the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, 1983, Canada.
  • Jianxin T, Peter BL. Hydro-thermal Scheduling Via Extended Differential Dynamic Programming and Mixed Coordination. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 1995; 10(4):2021-2028.
  • El-Hawary ME, Mbamalu GAN. Modeling the Incremental Cost and WaterConversion Functions for Hydro-ThermalCoordination Studies. Electric Machines & Power Systems, 1991;19(3): 271-285.
  • Farhat IA, El-Hawary ME. Optimisation methods applied for solving the short-term Hydro-thermalcoordination problem. Electric Power Systems Research, 2009; (79): 1308–1320.
  • Sowmith P, Madhusudhanrao R, Gouthamkumar N. Optimal Scheduling of Hydrothermal Plant Using Particle Swarm Optimization. In: Deepak, B., Parhi, D., Jena, P. (eds) Innovative Product Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Systems. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore, 2020.
  • Das D, Bhattacharya A, Ray RN. Optimal scheduling of hydrothermal system considering variable nature of water transportation delay. Scientia Iranica, 2022; 29(2): 749-770.
  • Gupta SK, Dalal A. Optimisation of hourly plants water discharges in hydrothermal scheduling using the flower pollination algorithm, International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2023;44(1): 686-692.
  • Tehzeeb-ul-Hassan, Thamer Alquthami, Saad Ehsan Butt, Muhammad Faizan Tahir, Kashif Mehmood. Short-term optimal scheduling of hydro-thermal power plants using artificial bee colony algorithm. Energy Reports, 2020, Volume 6, 984-992.
  • Das S, Bhattacharya A. Symbiotic organisms search algorithm for short-term hydrothermal scheduling. Ain Shams Eng J. 2016.
  • Padmini S, Rajan CCA, Chaudhuri S, Chakraborty A. Optimal Scheduling of Short Term Hydrothermal Coordination for an Indian Utility System Using Genetic Algorithm. In: Satapathy, S., Udgata, S., Biswal, B. (eds) Proceedings of the International Conference on Frontiers of Intelligent Computing: Theory and Applications (FICTA). Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Volume 199, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013.
  • Dai E, Türkay BE. Power dispatch of hydrothermal coordination using evolutionary algorithm.2009 International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering. ELECO 2009, Bursa, Turkey.
  • Swain RK, Barisal AK, Hota PK, Chakrabarti R. Short-term Hydro-thermal scheduling using clonal selection algorithm. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 2011; 33(3), 647-656.
  • Nanda J, Bijwe PR. Optimal Hydro-thermal Scheduling with Cascaded Plants Using Progressive Optimality. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, 1981;100(4): 2093-2099.
  • Hua W, Hiroshi S, Junji K. A Decoupled Solution of Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Problemby Means of Interior Point Method and Network Programming. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 1998;13(2): 286-293.
  • Habibollahzadeh H, Luo GX, Semlyen A. Hydro-thermal Optimal Load Flow Based on a Combined Linear and NonlinearProgramming Methodology. IEEE Transaction on PowerSystems, 1989;4(2): 530-537.
  • Sentil-Kumar V, Mohan MR. A genetic algorithm solution to the optimal short-term Hydro-thermal scheduling. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 2011; (33): 827–835.
  • El-Hawary ME, Tsang DH. The Hydro-thermal Optimal Load Flow: APractical Formulation and Solution Techniques Using Newton's Approach. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 1986;1(3): 157-167.
  • Ravindranath KM, El-Hawary ME. The Hydro-ThermalOptimal Power Flow Problem inRectangular Coordinates. Electric Machines & Power Systems, 1988; 14(5): 295-315.
  • Ravindranath KM, El-Hawary ME. Minimum Loss Power Flow in Hydro ThermalElectric Power Systems Based on Kron's Loss Formula. . Electric Machines & Power Systems, 1989; (3): 149-156.
  • EL-Hawary ME, Ravindranath KM. A General Overview ofMultiple Objective OptimalPower Flow in Hydro-thermal ElectricPower Systems. . Electric Machines & Power Systems, 1991; (3): 313-327.
  • EL-Hawary ME, Ravindranath KM. Combining Loss and Cost Objectives inDaily Hydro-Thermal Economic Scheduling. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 1991; 6(3): 1106-1112.
  • Lawal MO, Komolafe OA, Ajewole TO. Power-Flow-Tracing-Based Congestion Management in a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2019; 7(3): 538-548.
  • Lawal MO, Komolafe OA. Decomposition Approach to the Newton-Raphson Based Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. Zaria Journal of Electrical Engineering Technology, (2020a); 9(1): 82-94.
  • Lawal MO, Komolafe OA. Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Analysis of the 34-Bus Nigerian power Network. American Journal of Engineering Research, (2020b); 9(6): 1-9.
  • Kazemtabrizi, B. and Acha, E. (2014). An advanced STATCOM model for optimal power flows using Newton's method. IEEE transactions on power systems, 29 (2), 514-525.
  • Yanmaz K, Altas IH, Mengi OO. Five Level Cascaded H-Bridge D-STATCOM using a new Fuzzy and PI Controllers model for Wind Energy Systems, Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering, (2017);17(4): 49-58.
  • Mengi OO. Comparison of MPC based advanced hybrid controllers for STATCOM in medium scale PEM fuel cell systems, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, (2020); 45(43): 23327-23342.
  • Acha E, Fuerte-Esquivel CR, Ambriz Perez H. Angelas-Camacho C. FACTS Modeling and Simulation in Power Networks. England: John Wiley and Sons Limited, (2004).
  • Zimmerman RD, Murillo-Sanchez CE, Thomas RJ. MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Researchand Education. IEEE Transactions onPower Systems, (2011); 26(1): 12-19.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Electrical Energy Transmission, Networks and Systems
Journal Section TJST
Authors

Muyideen Olalekan Lawal This is me 0000-0003-2119-306X

Ridwan Gbolahan Lateef 0009-0005-8793-2058

Sarafa Olayide Rasheed This is me 0009-0009-9290-5619

Publication Date September 30, 2025
Submission Date August 12, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 20 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Lawal, M. O., Lateef, R. G., & Rasheed, S. O. (2025). Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. Turkish Journal of Science and Technology, 20(2), 523-540. https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1341697
AMA Lawal MO, Lateef RG, Rasheed SO. Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. TJST. September 2025;20(2):523-540. doi:10.55525/tjst.1341697
Chicago Lawal, Muyideen Olalekan, Ridwan Gbolahan Lateef, and Sarafa Olayide Rasheed. “Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm”. Turkish Journal of Science and Technology 20, no. 2 (September 2025): 523-40. https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1341697.
EndNote Lawal MO, Lateef RG, Rasheed SO (September 1, 2025) Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. Turkish Journal of Science and Technology 20 2 523–540.
IEEE M. O. Lawal, R. G. Lateef, and S. O. Rasheed, “Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm”, TJST, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 523–540, 2025, doi: 10.55525/tjst.1341697.
ISNAD Lawal, Muyideen Olalekan et al. “Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm”. Turkish Journal of Science and Technology 20/2 (September2025), 523-540. https://doi.org/10.55525/tjst.1341697.
JAMA Lawal MO, Lateef RG, Rasheed SO. Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. TJST. 2025;20:523–540.
MLA Lawal, Muyideen Olalekan et al. “Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm”. Turkish Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 20, no. 2, 2025, pp. 523-40, doi:10.55525/tjst.1341697.
Vancouver Lawal MO, Lateef RG, Rasheed SO. Incorporating STATCOM into a Hydro-Thermal Optimal Power Flow Algorithm. TJST. 2025;20(2):523-40.
 Download Cover Image