AB Rekabet Hukuku’nun Sınır-Aşırı Uygulanması: Hukuk Emperyalizmi’nin Yeni Sancaktarı?

Öz

Etki doktrini, yerel rekabete etkileri olan sınır-aşırı eylemlerin tespiti ve kovuşturulması açısından önemli bir araç olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu doktrinin ABD tarafından katı bir şekilde uygulanması, diğer devletler tarafından kendilerinin egemenlik haklarına yönelik bir ihlal olarak değerlendirilmiş ve bu sebeple uluslararası toplumun sert tepkisine yol açmıştır. AB hukukunda ise AB Adalet Divanı, uzun süre boyunca etki doktrinini görmezden gelmiş ve genellikle hukuki yetkisinin sınırlarını ülkesellik ilkesi üzerinden belirlemiştir. Divan Intel kararında etki doktrinini kabul etmiş fakat yine de bu çerçevede uyguladığı yargı yetkisini ülkesellik ilkesi üzerinden kurmaya devam etmiştir. Bu çalışma, Divanın bu kararını sorgulamakta ve özellikle AB rekabet hukukunun üye devlet mahkemelerinde uygulanması aşamasındaki etkilerini incelemektedir. Çalışma, Divanın kararının, AB hukukunun AB sınırları dışındaki eylemler için kapsamlı bir şekilde uygulanmasına neden olacağını öngörmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sınır-aşırılık
• Rekabet Hukuku
• Intel
• Etki Doktrini
• Birleşen Kartelleri
• Yargı Yetkisi

EXTRATERRITORIAL APPLICATION OF EU COMPETITION LAW: THE NEW STANDARDBEARER OF LEGAL IMPERIALISM?

Abstract

The effects doctrine has been a major instrument in dealing with foreign conduct having repercussions on the competitiveness of national markets. The aggressive implementation of the doctrine by US courts in competition law cases has caused clamor in international community. In EU law, on the other hand, the effects doctrine had long been ignored by the CJEU, which exercised its jurisdiction on the basis of territoriality principle. In Intel, the CJEU finally endorsed the effects doctrine. This paper questioned the CJEU’s designation of the effects doctrine as a means to establish territorial jurisdiction over extraterritorial conduct. This paper concluded that the CJEU’s approach to extraterritoriality would result in an overarching application of EU competition rules over foreign conduct.

Keywords

• Extraterritoriality
• Competition Law
• Intel
• Effects Doctrine
• Component Cartels
• Jurisdiction.

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