Examining Hungary and Poland’s Leaders’ Narratives Regarding Middle Eastern and African Migrants and Ukrainian Migrants

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 241 - 272, 05.12.2025

Yusuf Avar

Abstract

This study aims to determine whether migrants from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Ukraine have received comparable treatment in Hungary and Poland by analyzing the speeches delivered by Polish President Andrzej Duda and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán. Using critical discourse analysis, it reveals the meaning behind Duda’s and Orbán’s statements about these two immigrant groups. The study indicates that Duda and Orbán securitized MENA immigration groups and represented them as others. Duda and Orbán, on the other hand, place a strong emphasis on solidarity and providing humanitarian aid to the Ukrainian migrants. The critical social constructivist theory, which stresses the concept of identity and meaning in response to difference, has been employed in the study to analyze how migrants from the MENA region are perceived as “other”, whilst migrants from Ukraine are seen as a part of “us”.

Keywords

Orbán , Duda , Migrants from the Middle East and North Africa , and Ukrainian Migrants.

Macaristan ve Polonya Liderlerinin Ortadoğulu ve Afrikalı Göçmenler ile Ukraynalı Göçmenlere İlişkin Söylemlerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Polonya Cumhurbaşkanı Andrzej Duda ve Macaristan Başbakanı Viktor Orbán tarafından yapılan konuşmaları analiz ederek Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika (MENA) ve Ukrayna’dan gelen göçmenlerin Macaristan ve Polonya’da benzer muamele görüp görmediklerini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, eleştirel söylem analizini kullanarak Duda ve Orbán’ın bu iki göçmen grubu hakkındaki ifadelerinin arkasındaki anlamı ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Araştırma, Duda ve Orbán’ın MENA’dan gelen göçmen gruplarını güvenlikleştirdiğini ve onları öteki olarak temsil ettiklerini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Öte yandan Orbán ve Duda Ukraynalı göçmenlere karşı dayanışmaya ve insani yardım sağlamaya güçlü bir vurgu yapmaktadır. Farklılık karşısında kimlik ve anlam kavramını vurgulayan eleştirel sosyal inşacı teori, çalışmada MENA bölgesinden gelen göçmenlerin nasıl “öteki” olarak algılandığını, Ukrayna’dan gelen göçmenlerin ise “biz”in bir parçası olarak görüldüğünü analiz etmek için kullanılmıştır.

Keywords

Orbán , Duda , Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika’dan Gelen Göçmenler ve Ukraynalı Göçmenler.

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