AN EMERGING CONTRIBUTOR TO THE EUROPEAN SECURITY OF ENERGY SUPPLY: ROMANIA

Abstract

In order to diminish its energy dependence to the Russian Federation, Europe hastened its search for alternative supplies and rediscovered Romania both as a transit state and a reliable energy supplier especially after the Ukrainian Crisis. It is estimated that Romania would address European energy needs not only with its unexploited natural gas reserves but also with its miscellaneous energy resources like shale gas and wind power. Moreover, Romania will be able to take an active role in European future energy policy formulations as an energy transit state. Especially the AGRI The Azerbaijan-Georgia-Romania Interconnector Project reveals Romania’s strategic position in European gas calculations. However, the functioning of the AGRI Project depends on the construction and/or alteration of pipelines to the European Union centers and the incorporation of new supplier countries to the project

Keywords

• Romania
• AGRI Project
• Europe
• energy security

Avrupa’nın Enerji Arz Güvenliği Açısından Yükselen Aktör: Romanya

Öz

ÖzellikleUkrayna Krizi’nden sonra doğalgaz temini konusunda Rusya’ya olan bağımlılığı aşma çabasındaki Avrupa, alternatif kaynak arayışına hız vermekte ve bu noktada Romanya’dan hem bir transit hem de bir kaynak ülke olarak faydalanma fırsatı ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Sadece doğalgaz değil, kaya gazı ve rüzgâr enerjisi gibi farklı kaynaklarıyla Avrupa’nın enerji ihtiyacına cevap vermesi beklenen Romanya, içinde bulunduğu AGRI Projesi aracılığıyla transit ülke olma konumunu da güçlendirmektedir. Ancak AGRI Projesi’nin işlerliği için Avrupa Birliği merkezlerine uzanacak boru hatları yapımının/tadilatının ve tedarikçi ülke sayısının arttırılmasının zorunluluğu, Romanya’nın hassas ve zaafları bulunan bir güçlenme süreci içinde bulunduğunu kanıtlamaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Romanya
• AGRI Projesi
• Avrupa
• enerji güvenliği

References

1. “AGRI Project’s Implementation Mainly Depends on Azerbaijan, Says Georgian Minister”, (8 September 2015).
2. “Azerbaijan to Revive LNG Export Project to EU”, (15 October 2015).
3. Beckman, Karel, “Interview Radu Dudau, Energy Policy Group: ’We Want in Urgent Need of a New Energy Strategy’”, Energy Post, 27 May 2015, urgent-need-new-energy-strategy /> (4 September 2015).
4. Bologa, Ruxandra, “The Future of Shale Gas in Romania”, romania> (5 October 2015).
5. Chiriac, Marian, “EBRD Finances Solar Project in Romania”, Balkan Insight, 28 March 2014, (8 September 2015).
6. Codoban, Alin-Doru, “Romania: A New Geopolitical Actor in the Black Sea Energy Game”, Karadeniz Araştırmaları, Vol 9, No 34, 2012, pp. 1-9.
7. Cristea, Corina, “Romania as an Energy Hub”, Radio Romania International, 14 August 2015, (25 September 2015).
8. De Micco, Pasquale, “Changing Pipelines, Shifting Strategies: Gas in South Eastern Europe”, European Parliament Web Page, July 2015, (24 October 2015).

9. Dolapchieva, Doinita, “UPDATE 1- OMV Petrom Declines to Confirm Gas Discovery Offshore Romania”, SeeNews, gas-discovery-offshore-romania-464274> (23 September 2015).
10. “Fantanele-Cogealac Wind Farm, Romania” Power-techonology.com, (14 October 2015).
11. “Fantanele-Cogealac Wind Park” Cez Group, (14 October 2015).
12. “Gas in Romania”, World Energy Council, (8 October 2015).
13. Godzimirski, Jakub M., “European Energy Security in the Wake of the Russia- Ukraine Crisis”, Strategic File, Vol 27, No 63, 2014, pp. 1-5.
14. Hasanli, Azad, “AGRI Project Member Countries Ink Joint Declaration”, Trend News Agency, 24 June 2015, (17 October 2015).
15. Hontz-Ward, Ana, “Romania Expects to be Energy Independent Despite Ukraine Crisis”, despite-ukraine-crisis/1956837.html> (13 September 2015). en.png> (17 October 2015).
16. (17 October 2015). as+Pipeline+Project> (19 October 2015).
17. (21 October 2015).
18. (13 October 2015).
19. (15 October 2015).
20. Lucian, Paul, “Energy for Romania from Renewable Sources”, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol 7, No 1, 2012, pp. 110-113.
21. “Making Sense of AGRI’s Future”, Naturalgaseurope.com, 27 July 2015, (15 October 2015).
22. Marácz, László, “The Strategic Relevance of AGRI in Europe’s Southern Gas Corridor” Karadeniz Araştırmaları, No 28, 2011, pp. 19-28.
23. Mihailescu, Loredana, “Romania As an Energy Hub in Southeastern Europe”, Legal Insight, e5fd-4a9d-95c8-3353107a1dbc/Presentation/PublicationAttachment/5ffa74c8- 31bc -4b4a-a0fd-4ad822fe4ae6/Romania-as-an-energy-hub-in-South-eastern- Europe.pdf> (19 October 2015), pp. 18-20.
24. Mihalache, Anca Elena, “No Shale Gas in Eastern Europe, After All: Implications of Chevron's Exit from Romania”, Energypost, 9 April 2015, exit-romania/> (11 October 2015).
25. “Minister of Foreign Affairs Bogdan Aurescu Signs Joint Declaration by Romania - Bulgaria - Hungary - Slovakia on Promotion of Interconnection of Existing Infrastructure for Natural Gas Supply”, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania, 25 May 2015, (23 September 2015).
26. Moskowitz, Scott and James, Adam, “How Romania Became a Gigawatt-Scale Solar Market and What’s Next”, gtm, http://www.greentechmedia.com/ articles/read/how-romania-became-a-1- gigawatt-market (1 September 2015). 24 March 2014
27. O’Brian, Heather, “Analysis: Romanian Developer to Dismantle Now-Unprofitable Project”, developer-dismantle-now-unprofitable-project? bulletin=windpower-weekly> (15 October 2015).
28. O’Brian, Heather, “Market Status: Romania - Progress Falters as Prices Fall”, Windpower Monthly, 1 April 2015, progress-falters-prices-fall> (1 October 2015).
29. “Petrom Strikes Oil Under Shallow Black Sea Waters”, Agerpress, 16 July 2014, shallow-black-sea-wa ters-12-16-47> (25 September 2015).
30. Radut, Constantin, “BRUA: New Natural Gas Pipeline Appears on South-East Europe's Map”, NineO'clock.ro, 20 May 2015, east-europe%E2%80%99s-map/> (22 September 2015).
31. Radut, Constantin, “Romania's Oil and Gas Reserves” NineO'clock.ro., 24 February 2015, reserves/> (15 September 2015).
32. Ratner, Michael et al., “Europe’s Energy Security: Options and Challanges to Natural Gas Supply Diversification”, CRS Report for Congress, 20 August 2013, (19 October 2015), pp. 1-29.
33. “Romania: AGRI Project Feasibility Study Highlights Two Viable Capacity Alternatives” feasibility-study-highlights-two-viable-capacity-alternatives>, (9 September 2015).
34. “Romania - Amongst the Most Energy Independent Countries in the EU”, FactCheckEU, (15 September 2015). 15 April 2004
35. “Romania Becomes Natural Gas Exporter”, NineO'clock.ro, 10 June 2015, (17 September 2015).
36. “Romania: Black Sea Gas Discovery” GEO ExPro, Vol 9, No 2, 2012, http://www.geo expro.com/articles/2012/09/romania-black-sea-gas-discovery (23 September 2015).
37. “Romania Could Give Up Natural Gas Imports Starting Next Year, ANRE Head Says”, starting-next-year-anre-head-says/> (15 September 2015).
38. “Romania: Energy Efficiency Novelties Can Revive Investments In the Energy Sector” Schoenherr
39. Tanchum, Michael, “AGRI’s Progress Advances Brussels’ and Baku’s Energy Agendas”, The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst, 8 July 2015, new-actorship-test/> (22 October 2015). 25 March 2014