HUKUKİ VE UYGULAMADAKİ BOYUTUYLA AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NDEN ÇEKİLME

Year 2021, , 1 - 33, 13.08.2021

İlke Göçmen

https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.978745

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Avrupa Birliği’nden (AB) çekilme, Birleşik Krallık’ın AB’den çekilmek için Lizbon Antlaşması (2009) ile getirilen AB Antlaşması’nın (ABA) 50. maddesini işletmesiyle birlikte hukuki ve fiili bir gerçeklik halini almıştır. Bu çalışma, belirli bir olgunluk seviyesine ulaştığının kabulüyle, ABA’nın 50. maddesini hem hukuki hem de
uygulamadaki boyutuyla incelemek, böylece AB’den çekilmeye ilişkin ABA’nın 50. maddesi ile çizilen hukuki çerçeveyi Brexit sürecindeki uygulama ile birleştirerek
çözümlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, geldiğimiz aşamada, ABA’nın 50. maddesi temelinde ilerleyen AB’den çekilme süreci ile birlikte, 50. maddenin kimi
yönlerinin Avrupa Birliği Adalet Divanı (ABAD) kararları veya uygulama sayesinde netlik kazandığı, kimi yönlerinin ise bugün için ABAD önüne taşınmadığı veya
uygulamada tartışma konusu olmadığı, ancak ileride netlik kazanabileceği görülecektir.

Keywords

Avrupa Birliği, Birleşik Krallık, Çekilme, Avrupa Birliği Antlaşması'nın 50. Maddesi, Brexit

Withdrawal from the European Union from Legal and Practical Dimension

Abstract

Withdrawal from the European Union (EU) has become a legal and factual reality with the triggering of Article 50 of the Treaty on EU (TEU), which was introduced by Treaty of Lisbon (2009), by United Kingdom to withdraw from the EU. Acknowledging that it has been reached to a certain degree of maturity, this paper aims to examine both the legal and practical dimension of the Article 50 TEU, thus, to resolve the legal framework drawn by Article 50 TEU on withdrawal from the EU
by combining it with the practice under Brexit process. Consequently, for now, it would be presented that, with the ongoing process of withdrawal from the EU under
Article 50 TEU, some parts of the Article 50 have been clarified due to judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) or practice, and some parts of the Article 50 have not been yet brought before CJEU or debated in practice, however, they might be clarified in the future.

Keywords

European Union, United Kingdom, Withdrawal, Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, Brexit

References

• Arnull, Anthony, Michael Dougan, Barry Rodger, Eleanor Spaventa, Derrick Wyatt ve Alan Dashwood. Wyatt and Dashwood’s European Union Law. 5. baskı. Oxford: Sweet & Maxwell, 2006.
• Baykal, Sanem. “AB Antlaşması 50. Maddesinin İşletilmesine Giden Süreç: Brexit Referandumu Öncesi Birleşik Krallık ile Avrupa Birliği İlişkilerinin Yeniden Düzenlenmesi Girişimleri ve Sonuçları”. Içinde Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Avrupa Birliği ve Uluslararası Ekonomik İlişkiler Anabilim Dalı 25. Yıl Armağanı, 141-66. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi, 2017.
• Baykal, Sanem ve İlke Göçmen. Avrupa Birliği Kurumsal Hukuku. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2016.
• Bieber, Roland, Astrid Epiney ve Marcel Haag. Die Europäische Union: Europarecht und Politik. 9. baskı. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2011.
• Bilgin, Aslı A. “Avrupa Bı̇rlı̇ğı̇nden Çekı̇lme Hakkı: Sonun Başlangıcı mı?” Gazi Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi XVIII, no 3-4 (2014): 205-43.
• Ćapeta, Tamara. “Brexit and the EU Constitutional Order: A Three Act Tragedy”. Croatian Yearbook of European Law and Policy 12 (2016): 1-23.
• Closa, Carlos. “Interpreting Article 50: Exit, Voice and … What About Loyalty?” Içinde Secession from a Member State and Withdrawal from the European Union: Troubled Membership, editör Carlos Closa, 187-214. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
• Craig, Paul. “The Process: Brexit and the Anatomy of Article 50”. Içinde The Law & Politics of Brexit, editör Federico Fabbrini, 49-69. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.
• Dammann, Jens C. “A Little Bit Brexit: An Analysis of the Rules Governing PostWithdrawal Treaties”. Texas International Law Journal 53, no 2 (2018): 153-76.
• Davies, G. T. “Legal and Constitutional Aspects of Brexit”. Tijdschrift Voor Constitutioneel Recht (TvCR) 2017, no 2 (2017): 137-49.
• Dougan, Michael. The UK After Brexit: Legal and Policy Challenges. Cambridge: Intersentia Ltd, 2017.
• Editorial Comments. “Editorial Comments: Polar Exploration: Brexit and the Emerging Frontiers of EU Law”. Common Market Law Review 55, no 1 (2018): 1-16.
• Edward, David ve Robert Lane. Edward and Lane on European Union Law. Chelthenham: Edward Elgar, 2013.
• Eeckhout, Piet ve Eleni Frantziou. “Brexit and Article 50 TEU: A Constitutionalist Reading”. Common Market Law Review 54, no 3 (2017): 695-733.
• Elliott, Mark. “Can the EU force the UK to trigger the two-year Brexit process?” Public Law for Everyone (blog), 2016. https://publiclawforeveryone.com/2016/06/26/brexit-can-the-eu-force-the-ukto-trigger-the-two-year-brexit-process/.
• Fabbrini, Federico, ed. The Law & Politics of Brexit. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.
• Gordon, Richard ve Rowena Moffatt. “Brexit: The Immediate Legal Consequences”. Great Britain: The Constitution Society, 2017.
• Gormley, Laurence W. “Brexit - Nevermind the Whys and Wherefores: Fog in the Channel, Continent Cut Off”. Fordham International Law Journal 40, no 4 (2017): 1175-1210.
• Hestermeyer, Holger P. “How Brexit Will Happen: A Brief Primer on EU Law and Constitutional Law Questions Raised by Brexit”. Research Paper. King’s College London Dickson Poon School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper Series, 2016.
• Hillion, Christophe. “Accession and Withdrawal in the Law of the European Union”. Içinde The Oxford Handbook of European Union Law, editör Anthony Arnull ve Damian Chalmers. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.
• Hillion, Christophe. “This Way, Please! A Legal Appraisal of the EU Withdrawal Clause”. Içinde Secession from a Member State and Withdrawal from the European Union: Troubled Membership, editör Carlos Closa, 215-33. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
• Hillman, Jennifer A. ve Gary Horlick, ed. Legal Aspects of Brexit: Implications of the United Kingdom’s Decision to Withdraw from the European Union. Washington, DC: Institute of International Economic Law, 2017.
• Hofmeister, Hannes. “‘Should I Stay or Should I Go ?’—A Critical Analysis of the Right to Withdraw from the EU”. European Law Journal 16, no 5 (2010): 589- 603.
• Karayiğit, Mustafa T. Avrupa Birliği Anayasa Hukuku. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2019.
• Lagerlof, Erik. “The British Withdrawal from the European Union and the Construction of a New Relationship”. Texas International Law Journal 53, no 2 (2018): 109-38.
• Łazowski, Adam. “Be Careful What You Wish for: Procedural Parameters of EU Withdrawal”. Içinde Secession from a Member State and Withdrawal from the European Union: Troubled Membership, editör Carlos Closa, 234-56. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
• Lenaerts, Koen, ve Piet Van Nuffel. Constitutional Law of the European Union. 3. baskı. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2010.
• Markakis, Menelaos. “Legal Issues Arising from the Brexit Referendum: A UK and EU Constitutional Analysis”. International Journal of Legal Information 45, no 1 (2017): 14-23.
• Oder, Bertil Emrah. Avrupa Birliği’nde Anayasa ve Anayasacılık. İstanbul: Anahtar Kitaplar Yayınevi, 2004.
• Piris, Jean-Claude. The Lisbon Treaty: A Legal and Political Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
• Reçber, Kamuran. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku ve Temel Metinleri. 3. baskı. Bursa: Dora Yayıncılık, 2018.
• Streinz, Rudolf. Europarecht. 10. baskı. Heidelberg: C.F. Müller, 2016.
• Şeker, Özlem. “Lizbon Sonrası Kurucu Antlaşmaların Değiştirilme Usulleri”. Içinde Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Avrupa Birliği ve Uluslararası Ekonomik İlişkiler Anabilim Dalı 25. Yıl Armağanı, 337-62. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi, 2017.
• Tatham, Allan F. “‘Don’t Mention Divorce at the Wedding, Darling!’ : EU Accession and Withdrawal after Lisbon”. Içinde EU Law after Lisbon, editör Andrea Biondi, Piet Eeckhout ve Stefanie Ripley, 128-53. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.
• Teasdale, Anthony ve Timothy Bainbridge. The Penguin Companion to European Union. 4. baskı. London: Penguin, 2012.
• Tridimas, Takis. “Article 50: An Endgame without an End?” King’s Law Journal 27, no 3 (2016): 297-313.
• Wyrozumska, Anna. “Article 50 [Voluntary Withdrawal from the Union]”. Içinde The Treaty on European Union (TEU): A Commentary, editör Hermann-Josef Blanke ve Stelio Mangiameli, 1385-1418. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2013.