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Avrupalılaşmada Farklılaşan Eğilimler: Türkiye’nin AB Ulaştırma Politikalarına Uyumu

Year 2019, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 143 - 170, 02.08.2019
https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.601893

Abstract

Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye arasında günümüzde yaşanmakta olan sorunlar demokrasiden, ekonomik ilişkilere kadar birçok konuyu etkilemektedir. Krizden çıkış için öne sürülen çözüm önerileri sadece birkaç alanda etkili olabilmiş ve genel daralmayı çözememiştir. Avrupalılaşma konusu ise sürekli gerilemenin yaşandığı bir süreç haline gelmiştir. Olumsuzlukların yaşandığı bu dönemeçte ulaştırma ve ulaştırma alanında entegrasyonun istikrarlı bir şekilde AB’ye yaklaşması ise tuhaf ama olumlu bir gelişmeyi işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışma oldukça sorunlu bir dönemin içerisinde istikrarlı bir şekilde AB’ye entegre olan Türkiye ulaştırma politkalarını ve bütünleşmenin arkasındaki faktörleri ele almıştır. Dönemler içerisinde farklılık arz eden bu faktörler, Avrupalılaşma sürecinin devamını sağlamış ve ayrıca iç siyasi dinamiklerin de süreç için ne kadar önem arz ettiğini tekrar ortaya koymuştur.

References

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CHANGING TRENDS IN EUROPEANIZATION: TURKEY’S ALIGNMENT ON TRANSPORT

Year 2019, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 143 - 170, 02.08.2019
https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.601893

Abstract

The current stalemate between the EU and Turkey directly affects much policy implementation, ranging from democracy to the economy. In terms of escaping from this crisis, the current proposed solutions seem to be only effective in a handful of areas. Concerning Turkey’s Europeanization, there is certain inertia. In a fraught period, transport policy is a surprising success story, with its stability and continuation in the alignment process. This study investigates the main reasons and driving forces behind this curious case. The changing dynamics between different periods has not only changed the background factors but also contributed to a progressive approach, which has once again showed the importance of domestic political preferences when it comes to Europeanization.

References

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  • Akgul Acikmese, Sinem. “Cycles of Europeanization in Turkey: The Domestic Impact of EU Conditionality”, UNISCI Discussion Papers, no. 23 (2010): 129-148.
  • AB Haber, “Ulaştırma Bakanı Lütfi Elvan: AB kendi kurallarına uymuyor. AB, Türkiye’ye karşı tarife dışı engeller koymaya çalışıyor”, (2015), accessed March 12, 2017, http://www.abhaber.com/ulastirma-bakan-lutfi-elvan-ab-kendi-kurallarina-uymuyor-ab-turkiyeye-karsi-tarife-disi-engeller-koymaya-calisiyor/
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  • Börzel, Tanja. “Europeanisation Meets Turkey: A case sui generis?” in Nas, Çiğdem and Özer, Yonca (eds.) Turkey and European Union: Processes of Europeanisation. Surrey: Ashgate, 2012.
  • Börzel, Tanja and Soyaltın, Didem. “Europeanization in Turkey: Stretching a concept to its limits?”, KFG Working Paper, no. 36, (2012): 1-22.
  • Celenk, Ayse A. “Europeanization and Administrative Reform: The Case of Turkey”, Mediterranean Politics 14, no. 1, (2009): 41-60.
  • Cumhuriyet, “Kota sorunu AB’ye taşınıyor”, (2009), accessed April 22, 2017,http://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/diger/57156/Kota_sorunun_AB_ye_tasiniyor.html
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  • Düzgit, Senem Aydın and Keyman, Fuat. “EU-Turkey relations and stagnation of Turkish democracy”, Global Turkey in Europe: Political, Economic and Foreign Policy Dimensions of Turkey’s Evolving Relationship with the EU Working Papers, no. 2, (2013): 1-24.
  • Ertugal, Ebru. “Europeanization and multi-level governance in Turkey”, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies 10, no. 1 (2010): 97-110.
  • European Commission. “2001 Regular Report on Turkey’s Progress Towards Accession”, 13 November 2001, SEC (2001) 1756, Brussels.
  • European Commission. “Turkey 2013 Progress Report”, 16 October 2013, SWD (2013) 417 final, Brussels.
  • European Commission. “Turkey 2014 Progress Report”, 8 October 2014, SWD (2014) 307 final, Brussels.
  • European Commission. “Regional Policy: IPA Transport Operational Programme in Turkey”, (2017), accessed July 08, 2017, http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/ en/funding/ipa/turkey/transport
  • Economic Development Foundation. “Açılmayan Müzakere Fasıllarında ne durumdayız?”, Economic Development Foundation Publications, no. 279, (2016): 1-156.
  • European Economic Community. “Treaty of Rome”, Rome (25 March 1957).
  • General Directorate of Highways, Turkey, “Türkiye TEN-T (Avrupa Transit Taşımacılık Ağı) Karayolu Güzergahları”, (2018), accessed June 08, 2018, http://www.kgm.gov.tr/Sayfalar/KGM/SiteTr/KgmAbCalismalari/TurkiyeTEN-TKarayoluGuzergahlari.aspx
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  • Heritier, Adrienne and Knill, Christoph. “Differential Responses to European Policies: A Comparison”, MPI Collective Goods Preprint, no. 7, (2000): 1-32.
  • Hürriyet, “İş dünyasından AB’ye tam destek”, (2003), accessed August 11, 2018, http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/is-dunyasindan-abye-tam-destek-151518
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  • European Union: Processes of Europeanization, Surrey: Ashgate, 2012.
  • Keçeci, Adnan. “Türkiye’de Karayolu Taşımacılığı”, Uluslararası Ekonomik Sorunlar Dergisi, no. XX, (2014).
  • Kerwer, Dieter and Teutsch, Michael. “Elusive Europeanization: liberalizing road haulage in the European Union”, 8, no. 1 (2001): 124-143.
  • Knill, Christoph and Lehmkuhl, Dirk. “The national impact of European Union regulatory policy: Three Europeanization mechanisms”, European Journal of Political Research, 41, no. 2 (2003): 255-280.
  • Kuşçu, Sinan. “The European Union Transportation Policy and its reflection in Turkey”, Gazi Akademik Bakış, 5, no.9, (2011): 77-91.
  • Ministry of Finance, General Directorate of Budget and Fiscal Control, Turkey. “İstatistikler: Kuruluşlar itibarıyla bütçe ödenekleri ve harcamaları”, (2016), accessed October 2, 2017, http:// www.bumko.gov.tr/TR,4461/butce-gider-gelir-gerceklesmeleri-1924-2012.html
  • Ministry of Transport, Turkey. “Ulaşımdan İletişime Kalkınan Türkiye-2007”,(2007), accessedJuly,15,2018,http://www.ubak.gov.tr/BLSM_WIYS/ UBAK/tr/yayinlar/20090612_171031_204_1_64.pdf
  • Ministry of Transport, Maritime and Communication, Turkey. “İstatistiklerle Ulaştırma, Denizcilik ve Haberleşme (2003-2011)”, (2011), accessed July 9, 2017, http://www.ubak.gov.tr/BLSM_WIYS/UBAK/tr/doc-xls/20120726_ 162224_204_1_64.pdf
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  • Ministry of Transport and Istanbul Technical University, Turkey. “Ulaştırma Ana Planı Stratejisi Sonuç Raporu”, (2005), accessed May 12, 2017, http://www.bebka.org.tr/admin/datas/sayfas/files/15_ulastirma_ana.pdf
  • Müftüler-Baç, Meltem. “Turkey’s Political Reforms and the Impact of the European Union”, South European Society & Politics 10, no.1, (2005): 16-30.
  • Noutcheva, Gergana and Düzgit, Senem Aydın. “Lost in Europeanisation: The Western Balkans and Turkey”, West European Politics 35, no.1, (2012): 59-78.
  • Öniş, Ziya. “Turkey-EU Relations: Beyond the Current Stalemate”, Insight Turkey 10, no. 4, (2008): 35-50.
  • Rasooli, Soora and Timmermans, Harry. Bounded Rational Choice Behaviour: Applications in Transport, Bingley: Emerald Group, 2015.
  • Schimmelfennig, Frank and Sedelmeier, Ulrich. “Governance by conditionality: EU rule transfer to the candidate countries of Central and Eastern Europe”, Journal of European Public Policy 11, no. 4, (2004): 669-687.
  • Secretariat General for EU Affairs, Turkey. “Twinning Mekanizması ve Türkiye”, (2017), accessed December 3, 2017, http://www.ab.gov.tr/files/ardb/evt/3_ab_ bakanlihi_yayinlari/twinning_mekanizmasi.pdf
  • Servantie, Deniz. “A Comparative analysis of EU and Turkish Aviation Policies”, IKV Brief, no. 35, (2015): 1-13.
  • Sözcü, “Türkiye’nin Alternatif yolları var”, (2015), accessed November 08, 2018, https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2015/gunun-icinden/turkiyenin-alternatif-yollari-var-758735/ Transport Corridor Europe, Caucasus, Asia-TRACECA, “Technical Assistance: Projects”, (2018), accessed March 12, 2018, http://www.traceca-org.org/en/technical-assistance/?
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There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Political Science
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ahmet Cemal Ertürk 0000-0001-8582-3871

Publication Date August 2, 2019
Submission Date November 19, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 18 Issue: 1

Cite

Chicago Ertürk, Ahmet Cemal. “CHANGING TRENDS IN EUROPEANIZATION: TURKEY’S ALIGNMENT ON TRANSPORT”. Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi 18, no. 1 (August 2019): 143-70. https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.601893.

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