Research Article
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Neoliberal Politika Aracı: Türkiye’de ve İspanya’da Aktif İşgücü Piyasası Politikaları

Year 2022, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 343 - 372, 30.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.1226817

Abstract

Özellikle COVID-19 pandemi krizinin ardından mevcut sosyo-ekonomik problemlerin çözümü için aktivasyon politikalarının etkisizliğinin anlaşılmasıyla Aktif İşgücü Piyasası Politikaları yerine alternatif sosyal politika modelleri Avrupa Birliği’nin gündeminde yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma, aktivasyon politikalarının etkisizliğini Aktif İşgücü Piyasası Politikalarından yaralanan kişilerin görüşlerine yer vererek incelemektedir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, AB’nin üye ülkesi, İspanya ve aday ülkesi Türkiye’de mesleki eğitim kurslarına katılan, işsiz 78 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme metoduyla yapılan bireysel görüşmelere dayanmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, her iki ülkede de bu politikalardan yararlanan kişiler, aktivasyon sürecinin sosyo-ekonomik problemlerine çözüm
getirmediği gerçeğinin açık şekilde farkındadır. Bu kişilerin talebi, daha fazla kurs değil insan onuruna yaraşır iştir.

References

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  • Serrano, Amparo. “Are European Activation Policies Converging?” In Labour and Employment Regulation in Europe, Lind, Knudsen, and Jorgensen. Peter Lang S.A., 2004.
  • Standing, Guy. The Precariat under Rentier Capitalism. Institute for New Economic Thinking. Institute for New Economic Thinking. October, 2017
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NEOLIBERAL POLICY TOOL: ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICIES IN TURKEY AND SPAIN

Year 2022, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 343 - 372, 30.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.1226817

Abstract

Since activation policies prove their inefficiency in solving existent socio economic problems, especially after the pandemic crisis of COVID-19, alternative policies other than Active Labour Market Policies (ALMPs) have appeared on the agenda of the EU. This research traces the reasons of the ineffectiveness of activation by highlighting the perception of the beneficiaries of the ALMPs. This article builds on the fieldwork implemented in a member state (Spain) and candidate country (Turkey) of the EU through 78 semi-structured individual interviews with the participants of vocational trainings for unemployed people. Results show that the beneficiaries in both countries are aware of the fact that the activation process does not provide a solution for their socio-economic problems and they desire a decent job, rather than training.

References

  • Althusser, Louis. Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. London: New Left Books, 1971.
  • Bauman, Zygmunt. The Individualized Society. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2001.
  • Beck, Ulrich. Risk Society. Towards a New Modernity. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 1992.
  • Blyth, Mark. Great Transformations: Economic Ideas and Institutional Change in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: University Press, 2002.
  • BOE. “Ley 32/1984, de 2 de agosto, Sobre Modificación de Determinados Artículos de la Ley 8/1980, de 10 de marzo, del Estatuto de los Trabajadores”, accessed August 22, 2018, https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1984-17436.
  • BOE. “Ley 56/2003 de 16 de diciembre, de Empleo. Num.301”, accessed June 26, 2018, https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2003-23102.
  • Bourdieu, Pierre. Acts of Resistance. Against the New Myths of Our Time. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1998.
  • Ceylan-Ataman, Berrin. “Europeanization of Turkey Regarding the Employment and Social Policy” In The Europeanization of Turkish Public Policies: A Scorecard, edited by Tekin and Güney, 63-80. London: Routledge, 2016.
  • Coutts, A et. al. The Health and Wellbeing Effects of Active Labor Market Programs. Interventions and Policies to Enhance Wellbeing: Wellbeing: A Complete Reference Guide, Volume VI, 2014.
  • Crespo, Eduardo and Serrano, Amparo. “Political Production of Individualized Subjects in The Paradoxical Discourse of the EU Institutions” In Making it Personal: Individualizing Activation Services in the EU, edited by Van Rik B and Valkenburg B, 106-126. UK: University of Bristol, 2007.
  • Crespo, Eduardo et al., “Del Gobierno del Trabajo al Gobierno de las Voluntades: El Caso de la Activación.” Psicoperspectivas. Cl. Individuo y Sociedad. Vol. VIII, N.2 (2009).
  • Esping Andersen, G. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691094578, 1990. European Commission. “Progress Report on Turkey, 1998”, accessed August 5, 2017, https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/38c51f03-fc60-450a 9fbf-8516459c865f.
  • European Commission. “Towards Common Principles of Flexicurity: More and better jobs through flexibility and security.”, accessed September 20, 2018, https://eur lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2007:0359:FIN:EN:PDF.
  • European Council. “1990/70/EC of 28 June 1990 concerning the framework agreement on fixed-term work concluded by ETUC, UNICE and CEEP”, NEOLIBERAL POLICY TOOL: ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICIES… 369 accessed June 23, 2018, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999L0070.
  • Ferrera, M. The Southern Model of Welfare in Social Europe. Journal of European Social Policy. Volume 6. Issue.1. February, 1996.
  • Foucault, Michel. The Birth of Biopolitics. Lectures at the Collége de France, 1978- 1979. UK: PalgraveMacmillan, [1977-1978] 2008.
  • García, Gustavo et al., “Índice DEC 2018. Índice de Desarrollo de los Servicios Sociales. Asociación Estatal de Directores y Gerentes en Servicios Sociales”, accessed December, 23, 2018, https://www.directoressociales.com/images/INDICEDEC/DEC2018real/REVI STA%20web.pdf.
  • Harvey, David. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. UK:Oxford University Press., 2005. ILO. “World of Work Report 2008: Income Inequalities in the Age of Financial Globalisation”. International Labour Office, International Institute for Labour Studies. Geneva: ILO, 2008.
  • ILO. “World Social Protection Report 2020–22: Social protection at the crossroads – in pursuit of a better future”. International Labour Office. Geneva: ILO, 2021.
  • İŞKUR. Yıllık Bülten Tabloları 2017. X. Bölüm. Tablo 46: 2017 yılında İl Düzeyinde Yaş Gruplarına Göre Kursiyerler. Tablo 47: 2017 yılında İl Düzeyinde Öğrenim Durumlarına Göre Kursiyerler. 2018.
  • Koistinen P et al., ed. Emerging Systems of Work and Welfare. Conclusions. P.I.E. Peter Lang S.A, 2009.
  • Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social. Estadísticas. Políticas del Mercado de Trabajo. Formación Profesional y Medidas de Apoyo al Empleo. Formación Profesional para el Empleo. Gobierno de España. Madrid. 2018.
  • Moreno, Luis and Serrano, Amparo. “The Europeanization and Spanish Welfare: The Case of Employment Policy” In The Spanish Welfare State in European Context, edited by Guillén, and León. London: Routledge, 2011.
  • Official Gazette of the Republic of Turkey. İş Kanunu. 10 Haziran 2003. Kanun no:4857 Sayı: 25134.
  • Puig- Barrachina, V. et. al. “The Impact of Active Labour Market Policies on Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review”. European Journal of Public Health, Vol:30, Issue 1, 2020.
  • Puig-Barrachina and Malmusi et al., “How does a targeted active labour market program impact on the well-being of the unemployed? A concept mapping study on Barcelona Employment in the Neighbourhoods”. BMC Public Health 20, 345, 2020.
  • Revilla and Serrano. “Normative Foundations of Activation Regimes”. Paper Prepared for the ESPANET Conference, Vienna University of Economic and Business Administration, Austria. (20-22 September 2007). Schmidt and Hersh. “Neoliberal Globalization: Workfare without Welfare”. Globalizations, 3(1), 2006: pp.69–89.
  • Serrano, Amparo. “Are European Activation Policies Converging?” In Labour and Employment Regulation in Europe, Lind, Knudsen, and Jorgensen. Peter Lang S.A., 2004.
  • Standing, Guy. The Precariat under Rentier Capitalism. Institute for New Economic Thinking. Institute for New Economic Thinking. October, 2017
  • Van Berkel and Hornemann Moller, ed. “Active Social Policies in the EU. Inclusion through Participation?”, UK: Policy Press, 2002.
  • Wang S et al., “Can Active Labour Market Programmes Emulate the Mental Health Benefits of Regular Paid Employment? Longitudinal Evidence from the United Kingdom”, Work, Employment and Society, 2020: pp. 1-21.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Economics, Political Science
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Bilge Filiz This is me 0000-0003-0068-4396

Berrin Ceylan Ataman This is me 0000-0003-3238-7564

Publication Date December 30, 2022
Submission Date June 20, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 21 Issue: 2

Cite

Chicago Filiz, Bilge, and Berrin Ceylan Ataman. “NEOLIBERAL POLICY TOOL: ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICIES IN TURKEY AND SPAIN”. Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi 21, no. 2 (December 2022): 343-72. https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.1226817.