Hayali Temasın Sınırları: Türkiye’de Suriyeli Göçmenlere Yönelik Açık ve Örtük Önyargı

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de yüksek düzeyde damgalanan bir grup olan Suriyeli göçmenlere yönelik açık ve örtük tutumlar üzerinde hayali temasın etkisini incelemiştir. Hayali temas, doğrudan temasın sınırlı olduğu bağlamlarda gruplar arası ilişkileri iyileştirmeye yönelik dolaylı bir strateji olarak önerilmektedir. Toplam 112 katılımcı, Suriyeli göçmenlerle olumlu bir etkileşimi hayal etme (deney grubu) ya da doğada nötr bir senaryoyu canlandırma (kontrol grubu) koşullarına rastgele atanmıştır. Açık tutumlar Duygu Termometresi, Sosyal Mesafe Ölçeği ve Mültecilere Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği ile; örtük tutumlar ise Örtük Çağrışım Testi ile ölçülmüştür. Ölçümler 2 (grup) × 3 (zaman) tekrarlı ölçümler deseninde üç zaman noktasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, grup ile zaman arasında anlamlı bir etkileşim olmadığını, ancak her iki grupta da zamana bağlı anlamlı bir değişim bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuçlar, yüksek başlangıç düzeyi önyargı ve ölçüm sürecine bağlı olası etkiler bağlamında tartışılarak, yerleşik olumsuz tutumların bulunduğu bağlamlarda hayali temasın sınırlı koşullarına işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hayali temas
• önyargı
• göçmenler
• açık tutum
• örtük tutum

Boundary Conditions of Imagined Contact: Explicit and Implicit Prejudice toward Syrian Migrants in Türkiye

Abstract

This study examined the effects of imagined contact on explicit and implicit attitudes toward Syrian immigrants in Türkiye, a highly stigmatized group. Imagined contact has been proposed as an indirect strategy to improve intergroup relations, particularly where direct contact is limited. A total of 112 participants were randomly assigned to either an imagined positive interaction with Syrian immigrants (experimental group) or a neutral nature scenario (control group). Explicit attitudes were measured using a Feeling Thermometer, Social Distance Scale, and Attitudes Toward Refugees Scale, while implicit attitudes were assessed with an Implicit Association Test. Measures were administered at three time points within a 2 (group) × 3 (time) repeated-measures design. Results revealed no significant group × time interaction, indicating that imagined contact did not differentially influence attitudes compared to the control condition. However, a significant main effect of time emerged across both groups. Findings are discussed in relation to high baseline prejudice and possible measurement-related effects, highlighting boundary conditions of imagined contact in contexts characterized by entrenched negative attitudes.

Keywords

• explicit attitude
• implicit attitude
• Imagined contanct
• prejudice
• immigrant

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