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Bourdieusian Reading of Bessie Head’s Short Story “Let Me Tell a Story Now…”

Year 2024, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 30 - 39, 31.12.2024

Abstract

The objective of this study is to examine "Let Me Tell a Story Now..." by Bessie Head, specifically focusing on the social field and habitus that the Colored characters in the story experience through the method of close reading. A working-class family, Ma and her unnamed husband are the main characters in the story. Their brief vacation planned to Durban, populated by Black Africans, exposes their anxiety regarding their identity and sense of belonging. Thus, they focus on the distinction between the interconnected forms of capital that shape their identities and those of people in Durban. It becomes a test when they start to worry about how they will interact with people from different socioeconomic backgrounds with distinct habits, lifestyles, dispositions, languages, and emotions. All the characters in the story feel that venturing beyond their social circle is a certain path to their own downfall, so none of them ever dares to exit. Based on this, I argue that the characters' subjective experiences in a social field, along with the specific quantity and type of capital supplied to them, basically form their habitus and affect their sense of identity and belonging. It is because the characters' ability to survive depends on the particular type and quantity of capital they encounter in their social standing to the point where they develop attachments to and associations with those forms of capital, which ultimately become ingrained in their identities, thoughts, and emotions. Consequently, in this study, I build on Pierre Bourdieu's concept of field and habitus by using close reading techniques to investigate the characters’ experiences of leaving their social spheres.

References

  • Akça, N. C. (2023). Eating and drinking culture and habits in Safiye Erol’s novels. Folklore/Literature, 116. https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2453
  • Balta, F. (2020). A portrait of the artist in the Turkish context: A Bourdieusian analysis on the introduction of James Joyce as a modernist writer through De Yayinevi and Yeni Dergi (Master’s thesis, Dokuz Eylul University Graduate School of Social Sciences, Izmir, Turkiye).
  • Berger, P., Berger, B., & Kellner, H. (1974). The homeless mind. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1990a). In other words: Essays towards a reflexive sociology. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1990b). The logic of practice. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (2013). Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (2005). The social structures of the economy. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. Corbett, J. (2024). Social network analysis, habitus and the field of literary activity. Literature Compass, 21(1), 1–3.
  • Edgerton, J. D., & Roberts, L. W. (2014). Cultural capital or habitus? Bourdieu and beyond in the explanation of enduring educational inequality. Theory and Research in Education, 12(2), 193–220. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477878514530231
  • Fatton, R. (1989). Gender, class, and state in African women and the state in Africa (J. L. Parpart, Ed.). Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner Publishers.
  • Gradín, C. (2018). Occupational segregation by race in South Africa after apartheid. Review of Development Economics, 23(2), 553–576. https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12551
  • Grenfell, M. (2010). Pierre Bourdieu: Key concepts. Stocksfield, UK: Acumen.
  • Gültekin, H. (2024). Precarity, hope and despair in Nadia Fall’s Home. Folklore/Literature, 119. https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2658
  • Gündüz, A. (2022). Bourdieusian feel for the game/strategy in Kemal Tahir’s The Seed in the Steppe. RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies, (30), 1045–1060.
  • Head, B. (1989). Let me tell a story now... Tales of tenderness and power. Oxford, UK: Heinemann.
  • Jenkins, R. (2006). Pierre Bourdieu. London, UK: Routledge.
  • Kukkonen, I. (2021). Physical appearance as a form of capital: Key problems and tensions. In Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks (pp. 23–37). https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-708-120210002
  • Meisenhelder, T. (2000). Toward a field theory of class, gender, and race. Race, Gender & Class, 7(2), 76–95.
  • Nicolaescu, C. (2010). Bourdieu – habitus, symbolic violence, the gift: “You give me/I give you” principle. Euromentor Journal - Studies About Education, 3(1), 122–131. http://euromentor.ucdc.ro/en/nr1_vol3/engleza_articole/cristina_nicolaescu.pdf
  • Parlar, Z., & Kaman, S. (2024). The place of slang in folklore and traces of culture in the numbers used in slang. Folklore/Literature, 117. https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2589
  • Speller, J. R. (2011). Bourdieu and literature. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0027

Bessie Head’in “Şimdi Bir Hikaye Anlatayım” Kısa Öyküsünün Bourdieucu Bakış Açısıyla Okunması

Year 2024, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 30 - 39, 31.12.2024

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Bessie Head'in "Şimdi Bir Hikâye Anlatayım..." adlı eserini, hikayedeki karakterlerin deneyimlediği sosyal alan ve habitus kavramları üzerinden yakın okuma tekniği ile analiz etmektir. Hikâyenin ana karakterleri olan Ma ve isimsiz kocası, siyahi ırk kategorisinde işçi sınıfı bir ailedir. Ağırlıklı olarak siyah Afrikalıların yaşadığı Durban'a planladıkları kısa tatil, kimlikleri ve aidiyet duygularıyla ilgili kaygılarını açığa çıkarır. Bu sayede kimliklerini ve aidiyet duygularını oluşturan iç içe geçmiş sermaye türlerine (kültürel, sosyal, ekonomik ve sembolik sermaye) işaret ederek Durban’da yaşayan farklı sosyal sınıfa ait insanların sahip olduğu farklı kimlikler üzerine düşünürler. Böylece kendilerinin ve Durban'daki farklı sosyal pozisyona sahip insanların kimliklerini şekillendiren birbirine bağlı sermaye biçimleri arasındaki ayrımın farkına varırlar. Farklı sosyoekonomik kökenden gelen, farklı alışkanlıklara, yaşam tarzlarına, eğilimlere, dillere ve duygulara sahip insanlarla nasıl etkileşime girecekleri konusunda endişelenmeye başladıklarında bu planlanan seyehat bir sınava dönüşür. Hikayedeki tüm karakterler, sosyal çevrelerinin dışına çıkmanın ilmek ilmek inşa ettikleri kimliğin yıkılışına neden olacağını düşünür, bu yüzden hiçbiri çıkmaya cesaret edemez. Buradan yola çıkarak, karakterlerin toplumsal bir alandaki öznel deneyimlerinin, onlara sağlanan belirli miktar ve türdeki sermaye ile birlikte temel olarak habituslarını oluşturduğunu ve kimlik ve aidiyet duygularını etkilediğini iddia ediyorum. Bunun nedeni, karakterlerin hayatta kalma yeteneklerinin, sosyal konumlarında karşılaştıkları sermayenin belirli türüne ve miktarına bağlı olması ve karakterlerin bu sermaye biçimlerine bağlılıklar ve özdeşleşme geliştirmeleridir. Nihayetinde, deneyimlenen sermaye karakterlerin kimliklerine, duygu ve düşüncelerine sirayet eder ve kim olduklarını belirler. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada, Pierre Bourdieu'nun alan ve habitus kavramını temel alarak ve yakın okuma tekniklerini kullanarak, hikayedeki karakterlerin sosyal çevrelerinden ayrılma deneyimlerini araştırıyorum.

References

  • Akça, N. C. (2023). Eating and drinking culture and habits in Safiye Erol’s novels. Folklore/Literature, 116. https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2453
  • Balta, F. (2020). A portrait of the artist in the Turkish context: A Bourdieusian analysis on the introduction of James Joyce as a modernist writer through De Yayinevi and Yeni Dergi (Master’s thesis, Dokuz Eylul University Graduate School of Social Sciences, Izmir, Turkiye).
  • Berger, P., Berger, B., & Kellner, H. (1974). The homeless mind. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1990a). In other words: Essays towards a reflexive sociology. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1990b). The logic of practice. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (2013). Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. (2005). The social structures of the economy. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. Corbett, J. (2024). Social network analysis, habitus and the field of literary activity. Literature Compass, 21(1), 1–3.
  • Edgerton, J. D., & Roberts, L. W. (2014). Cultural capital or habitus? Bourdieu and beyond in the explanation of enduring educational inequality. Theory and Research in Education, 12(2), 193–220. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477878514530231
  • Fatton, R. (1989). Gender, class, and state in African women and the state in Africa (J. L. Parpart, Ed.). Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner Publishers.
  • Gradín, C. (2018). Occupational segregation by race in South Africa after apartheid. Review of Development Economics, 23(2), 553–576. https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12551
  • Grenfell, M. (2010). Pierre Bourdieu: Key concepts. Stocksfield, UK: Acumen.
  • Gültekin, H. (2024). Precarity, hope and despair in Nadia Fall’s Home. Folklore/Literature, 119. https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2658
  • Gündüz, A. (2022). Bourdieusian feel for the game/strategy in Kemal Tahir’s The Seed in the Steppe. RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies, (30), 1045–1060.
  • Head, B. (1989). Let me tell a story now... Tales of tenderness and power. Oxford, UK: Heinemann.
  • Jenkins, R. (2006). Pierre Bourdieu. London, UK: Routledge.
  • Kukkonen, I. (2021). Physical appearance as a form of capital: Key problems and tensions. In Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks (pp. 23–37). https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-708-120210002
  • Meisenhelder, T. (2000). Toward a field theory of class, gender, and race. Race, Gender & Class, 7(2), 76–95.
  • Nicolaescu, C. (2010). Bourdieu – habitus, symbolic violence, the gift: “You give me/I give you” principle. Euromentor Journal - Studies About Education, 3(1), 122–131. http://euromentor.ucdc.ro/en/nr1_vol3/engleza_articole/cristina_nicolaescu.pdf
  • Parlar, Z., & Kaman, S. (2024). The place of slang in folklore and traces of culture in the numbers used in slang. Folklore/Literature, 117. https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.2589
  • Speller, J. R. (2011). Bourdieu and literature. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0027
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects World Languages, Literature and Culture (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Zeliha Işık 0000-0001-5150-0601

Early Pub Date December 25, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date November 20, 2024
Acceptance Date December 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Işık, Z. (2024). Bourdieusian Reading of Bessie Head’s Short Story “Let Me Tell a Story Now…”. Avrasya Beşeri Bilim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 30-39.