Abnormal morphology in Amblyomma coelebs and Amblyomma cf. oblongoguttatum (Acari: Ixodidae) collected on free-roaming Central American Tapir (Tapirus bairdii) from Nicaragua

Abstract

In this work we describe abnormalities in Amblyomma coelebs and Amblyomma cf. oblongoguttatum adults collected from Tapirus bairdii. The observed anomalies in adults corresponded to general (asymmetry of scutum and idiosoma), and local malformation (atrophy and ectromely). This is the first record of morphological anomalies in A. coelebs and also it increases the observations of malformations in ticks from Nicaragua and Central America.

Keywords

• Ixodidae
• Amblyomma
• abnormalities
• Nicaragua

References

1. Aguirre, D., Viñabal, A. and Guglielmone, A. 1999. The life cycle of Amblyomma neumanni Ribaga, 1902 (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 23: 159-164. doi: 10.1023/A:1006006711983
2. Arana, Y., Jordan, C., Dans, A., Martins, T. and Bermúdez, S. 2021. Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Tapirus bairdii (Perissodactyla: Tapiridae) and notes on Amblyomma coelebs feeding on human, at Indio Maiz Biological Reserve, Nicaragua. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 26 (4): 829-834. doi: 10.11158/saa.26.4.13
3. Beaurepaire-Aragao, H. 1912. Contribuição para a sistematica e biolojia dos ixódidas: Partenojeneze em carrapatos: Amblyomma agamum n. sp. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 4 (1): 96-119. [In Portuguese] doi: 10.1590/S0074-02761912000100007
4. Brumpt, E. 1934. Le gynandromorphisme chez les ixodinés. Un curieux cas obtenu dans un élevage d’Amblyomma dissimile. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 12 (2): 98-104. [In French] doi: 10.1051/parasite/1934122098
5. Campana-Rouget, Y. 1959a. La tératologie des tiques. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 34: 209-260. [In French] doi: 10.1051/parasite/1959341209
6. Campana-Rouget, Y. 1959b. La tératologie des tiques. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 34: 354-431. [In French] doi: 10.1051/parasite/1959343354
7. Dantas-Torres, F., Fernandes Martins, T., Muñoz-Leal, S., Onofrio, V. and Barros-Battesti, D. 2019. Ticks (Ixodida: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of Brazil: Updated species checklist and taxonomic keys. Ticks Tick Borne Diseases, 10:101252. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.06.012
8. Dergousoff, S. and Chilton, N. 2007. Abnormal morphology of an adult Rocky Mountain wood tick, Dermacentor andersoni (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Parasitology, 93: 708-709. doi: 10.1645/GE-1073R.1

9. Domínguez, L. and Bermúdez, S. 2020. Firsts records of abnormalities and gynandromorphism in hard ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) from Panama. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 25 (7): 1199-1208. doi: 10.11158/saa.25.7.4
10. Domínguez, L., Pérez, E., and Bermúdez, S. 2020. First report of abnormal morphology in the tick Dermacentor dissimilis (Acari: Ixodidae) and evidence of molt nymph-adult on hosts from Nicaragua. Acarological Studies, 2 (1): 46-50.
11. Domínguez, L., Montenegro, V. and Bermúdez, S. 2021. Morphologic abnormalities in Amblyomma mixtum, Amblyomma naponense, Amblyomma cf. oblongoguttatum and Amblyomma tapirellum (Acari: Ixodidae) of Costa Rica. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 26 (3): 509-518. doi: 10.11158/saa.26.3.1
12. Fonseca, F. 1935. Gymnandromorphismo em Amblyomma cajennense (Fabr., 1787). Memorias do Instituto Butantan, 10: 39-41. [In Portuguese]
13. Guglielmone, A. and Robbins, R. 2018. Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) parasitizing humans. A global review. Springer Nature, Cham, Switzerland, 313 pp. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-95552-0
14. Guglielmone, A., Castella, A., Mangold, A., Estrada-Peña, A. and Viñabal, E. 1999. Phenotypic anomalies in a collection of Neotropical ticks (Ixodidae). Acarologia, 40: 127-132.
15. Guglielmone, A., Nava, S. and Robbins, R. 2021. Neotropical hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). A critical analysis of their taxonomy, distribution, and host relationships. Springer Nature, Cham, Switzerland, 486 pp. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-72353-8
16. Guglielmone, A.A., Sánchez, M.E., Franco, L.G., Nava, S., Rueda, L.M. and Robbins, R.G. 2020. Valid Name List Ixodidae. Available http://rafaela.inta.gob.ar/nombresgarrapatas/ListadoNombresValidos.aspx (Last accessed: 30 September 2021).
17. Joan, T. 1919. Caso de ginandromorfismo en una garrapata (Amblyomma neumanni Rib.). Actas 1er. Reunión Nacional Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, Tucuman, Argentina, 421-425. [In Spanish]
18. Kar, S., Akyildiz, G., Yilmazer, N., Shaibi, T., Gargili, A. and Vatansever, Z. 2015. External morphological anomalies in ixodid ticks from Thrace, Turkey. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 67: 457-466. doi: 10.1007/s10493-015-9948-6
19. Keskin, A., Simsek, E., Bursali, A. and Keskin, A. 2016. Morphological abnormalities in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) feeding on humans in Central Black Sea region, Turkey. Zoomorphology, 135: 167-172. doi: 10.1007/s00435-016-0306-y
20. Keskin, A. 2018. New teratological tick specimens (Acari: Ixodidae) from Turkey. Journal of Agriculture and Nature, 21 (1): 88-90. doi: 10.18016/ksudobil.291077
21. Labruna, M., Homem, V., Heinemann, B. and Ferreira-Neto, J. 2000. A case of gynandromorphism in Amblyomma oblongoguttatum (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 37: 777-779. doi: 10.1603/0022-2585-37.5.777
22. Labruna, M., Ribeiro, A., Cruz, M., Camargo, L. and Camargo, E. 2002. Gynandromorphism in Amblyomma cajennense and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Parasitology, 88: 810-811. doi: 10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[0810:GIACAR]2.0.CO;2
23. Labruna, M., Onofrio, V., Beati, L., Arzua, M., Bertola, P., Ribeiro, A. and Barros-Battesti, D. 2009. Redescription of the female, description of the male and several new records of Amblyomma parkeri (Acari: Ixodidae), a South American tick species. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 49: 243-260. doi: 10.1007/s10493-009-9257-z
24. Muñoz-Leal, S., Martins, T., Luna, L., Rodrigues, A. and Labruna, M. 2017. A new collection of Amblyomma parvitarsum (Acari: Ixodidae) in Peru, with description of a gynandromorphy and report of Rickettsia detection. Journal of Medical Entomology, 55 (2): 464-467. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjx194
25. Nuttal, G. 1914. Ticks abnormalities. Parasitology, 7: 250-257. doi: 10.1017/S0031182000009677
26. Rivera-Paéz, F., Labruna, M., Martins, T., Rodrigues-Sampieri, B. and Camargo-Matías, M. 2017. A case of gynandromorphism in Amblyomma mixtum (Acari, Ixodidae). Revista Colombiana de Entomología, 43 (2): 268-270. [In Spanish] doi: 10.25100/socolen.v43i2.5956
27. Robinson, L. 1920. Malformations in ticks. Parasitology, 12: 175-179.