Klorin e6’nın Etanol yardımıyla Metisiline Dirençli Stafilokok aureus üzerindeki Fotodinamik Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Antibiyotiklerin uzun yıllar boyunca kontrolsüz bir şekilde kullanılması bakteriyel DNA mutasyonuna yol açmıştır ve bunun sonucunda bakteriler antibiyotiklere dirençli hale gelmiştir. Metisiline dirençli Stafilokok aureus (MRSA) bakterileri, bu tür dirençli bakteriler arasında olup vücudun bağışıklık sisteminin düşmesi sonucu kolayca enfeksiyona sebep olabilmekte ve yara iyileşmesini önemli ölçüde geciktirmektedirler. Bu sorunun üstesinden gelmek için farklı tedavi yöntemleri araştırılmaktadır. Antimikrobiyal fotodinamik tedavi enfeksiyonların yok edilmesine yönelik alternatif bir tedavi olmaya adaydır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ise klorin e6’nın MRSA’nın fotoinaktivasyonu üzerindeki etkisini ve bu mekanizmada etanolün sinerjik rolünü araştırmaktır. Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada MRSA'nın fotoinaktivasyonu için 655 nm lazer ışığı ve fotosensitizan olarak Klorin e6 incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, % 20 etanol kullanımıyla mekanizmanın antimikrobiyal etkinliği düşük ışık enerjisi yoğunlukları ve fotosensitizan konsantrasyonları ile arttırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Her uygulamadan sonra canlı bakteri hücre sayısını belirlemek için koloni sayma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Uygulamalar arasında 20 μM Klorin e6 ile 25 J/cm2 enerji yoğunluğu ve 10 μM Klorin e6 ile 50 J/cm2 enerji yoğunluğu en yüksek bakterisidal aktiviteyi sağlamıştır. %20 etanolün mekanizmaya eklenmesiyle en etkili fotosensitizan konsantrasyonu 2 μM’a düşürülerek 25 J/cm2 enerji yoğunluğu ile birlikte daha etkili bir sonuç elde edilebilmiştir. Sonuç: Klorin e6 aracılı fotodinamik tedavi, MRSA'yı yok etmekte başarılı olmuştur ve etanol ilavesi, daha düşük ışık yoğunluğu ve fotosensitizan konsantrasyonu ile fotodinamik tedavide daha yüksek antibakteriyel aktivite elde etme fırsatı sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antibakteriyel Fotodinamik Terapi
• Klorin e6
• Etanol
• Stafilokok aureus

Photodynamic action of chlorin e6 against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus with the aid of ethanol

Abstract

Aim: The random use of antimicrobials for years has led to bacterial DNA mutation and a result of that, bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is among these types of resistant bacteria that can easily infect when the immune system of the host is suppressed, and it significantly delays the wound healing. Different treatment methods are being investigated to overcome this problem. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy is a candidate to become an alternative treatment for the destruction of MRSA. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chlorin e6 for the photoinactivation of MRSA and the synergetic role of ethanol in this mechanism. Methods: 655 nm laser light and Chlorin e6 as photosensitizer were examined for the photoinactivation of MRSA. Besides, 20% ethanol was used to increase the total antimicrobial efficacy with lower light energy densities and photosensitizer concentrations. The colony counting method was used to determine viable bacterial cells after each application. Results: 25 J/cm2 energy density with 20 μM Chlorin e6 and 50 J/cm2 energy density with 10 μM Chlorin e6 showed the highest bactericidal activity. When 20% ethanol was used as an adjuvant, 25 J/cm2 energy dose with 2 μM Chlorin e6 resulted in a better killing effect. Conclusion: Chlorin e6-mediated photodynamic therapy was successful to destroy MRSA and the addition of ethanol provided the opportunity to obtain higher antibacterial activity with lower light intensities and photosensitizer concentrations.

Keywords

• Antibacterial photodynamic therapy
• chlorin e6
• ethanol
• staphylococcus aureus

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