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The Effect of BCG vaccine on COVID-19 severity and mortality

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 9 - 12, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.25000/acem.832046

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the effect of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine on the severity and mortality of the disease in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in this study.
Methods: This study was conducted as a retrospective observational study in a tertiary reference hospital in Turkey. The patients were divided into two groups as BCG positive and negative according to the presence of BCG scar. BCG positive and negative groups were compared in terms of radiological involvement, presence of hypoxia, need for intensive care unit (ICU) and intubation, and mortality.
Results: BCG negative patients required more inpatient treatment (p = 0.001). The radiological involvement was more severe in BCG negative group (p = 0.016). Forty-one (22.7%) patients in the BCG positive group and twenty-two (42.3%) patients in the BCG negative group were treated in the ICU, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.007). More patients in the BCG negative group had hypoxia than the BCG positive group (59.6% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.018). The BCG negative group needed more intubation (21.2% and 8.8%, p = 0.024). Nine (17.3%) patients in the BCG negative group and 12 (6.6%) patients in the BCG positive group died, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.027).
Conclusion: The length of hospital stay was longer, radiological involvement was more severe, the need for ICU and intubation, hypoxia and mortality were higher in BCG-unvaccinated patients with COVID-19.

Supporting Institution

None

References

  • Reference1. Teo SS, Shingadia DV. Does BCG have a role in tuberculosis control and prevention in the United Kingdom? Arch Dis Child. 2006;91(6):529-31.

BCG aşısının COVID-19 ağırlığına ve mortalitesine etkisi

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 9 - 12, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.25000/acem.832046

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hastanede yatan COVID-19 hastalarında Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) aşısının hastalığın ciddiyeti ve mortalitesi üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır.
Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki üçüncü basamak bir referans hastanesinde geriye dönük gözlemsel bir çalışma olarak gerçekleştirildi. Hastalar BCG skarının varlığına göre BCG pozitif ve negatif olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. BCG pozitif ve negatif gruplar radyolojik tutulum, hipoksi varlığı, yoğun bakım ünitesi (YBÜ) ihtiyacı ve entübasyon ve mortalite açısından karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: BCG negatif hastaların daha uzun süre yatarak tedavi ihtiyacı oldu (p = 0,001). Radyolojik tutulum, BCG negatif grupta daha ağırdı (p = 0,016). BCG pozitif grupta 41 (% 22,7) hasta ve BCG negatif grupta 22 (% 42,3) hasta YBÜ'de tedavi edildi ve aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p = 0,007). BCG negatif grupta BCG pozitif gruba göre daha fazla hastada hipoksi vardı (% 59,6 ve % 40,9, p = 0,018). BCG negatif grup daha fazla entübasyona ihtiyaç duydu (% 21,2 ve % 8,8, p = 0,024). BCG negatif grupta 9 (% 17,3) hasta ve BCG pozitif grupta 12 (% 6,6) hasta öldü ve aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p = 0,027).
Sonuç: BCG ile aşılanmamış COVID-19 hastalarında hastanede kalış süresi daha uzun, radyolojik tutulum daha şiddetli, yoğun bakım ve entübasyon ihtiyacı, hipoksi ve mortalite daha yüksekti.

References

  • Reference1. Teo SS, Shingadia DV. Does BCG have a role in tuberculosis control and prevention in the United Kingdom? Arch Dis Child. 2006;91(6):529-31.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Tayfun Caliskan 0000-0002-7905-2430

Bengü Şaylan 0000-0002-5922-0847

Publication Date March 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Caliskan T, Şaylan B. The Effect of BCG vaccine on COVID-19 severity and mortality. Arch Clin Exp Med. 2021;6(1):9-12.