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Konvansiyonel Radyografilerde Romatoid Artritli Hastalar ile Artrit Bulgusu Olmayan Artralji Hastalarında Eklem Erozyonlarının Karşılaştırılması

Year 2026, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 24 - 32, 31.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.47482/acmr.1608874

Abstract

Arka Plan: Romatoid artrit (RA), kronik enflamasyon ve eklem hasarına yol açan sistemik bir otoimmün hastalıktır. Eklem hasarının erken dönemde tespiti, etkili tedavi ve hasta sonuçlarının iyileştirilmesi açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, RA hastalarında ve artrit bulguları olmayan artralji hastalarında eklem erozyonlarını tespit etmek için konvansiyonel radyografinin tanısal değerini değerlendirmektedir.

Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif kesitsel çalışmaya, 2010 ACR/EULAR sınıflandırma kriterlerine göre tanı almış 42 RA hastası ile yaş ve cinsiyet açısından eşleştirilmiş, artrit bulguları olmayan 44 artralji hastası dahil edilmiştir. El ve ayak eklemlerinin konvansiyonel radyografileri, kör bir şekilde değerlendirilen tek bir romatolog tarafından incelenmiştir. İntra-gözlemci güvenilirliği Cronbach alfa ile değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizler için t-test, ki-kare testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: RA hastalarında el radyografilerinde tespit edilen erozyon sayısı kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p < 0.01). Ayak eklemlerindeki erozyon oranları ise daha az yaygın olup gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark göstermedi (p = 1.000). El radyografilerinde intra-gözlemci güvenilirliği mükemmeldi (Cronbach alfa: 0.897) ve bu, konvansiyonel radyografinin güvenilirliğini vurgulamaktadır. Ancak, ayak radyografileri teknik zorluklar nedeniyle daha düşük değerlendirilebilirlik göstermiştir.

Sonuçlar: El radyografileri, RA hastalarında eklem erozyonlarının erken tespiti ve izlenmesi için güvenilir ve pratik bir araçtır. Ayak radyografilerinin daha geniş bir uygulama alanı kazanabilmesi için yöntemsel iyileştirmeler gerekmektedir. Konvansiyonel radyografi, uygun maliyetli bir tanı yöntemi olmaya devam ederken, MRI ve ultrasonografi gibi ileri görüntüleme yöntemleri tamamlayıcı faydalar sunmaktadır.

References

  • Finckh A, Gilbert B, Hodkinson B, Bae SC, Thomas R, Deane KD, et al. Global epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2022;18(10):591-602.
  • Llopis E, Kroon HM, Acosta J, Bloem JL. Conventional Radiology in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Radiol Clin North Am. 2017;55(5):917-41.
  • Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, Funovits J, Felson DT, Bingham CO, 3rd, et al. 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(9):2569-81.
  • Sharp JT. Measurement of structural abnormalities in arthritis using radiographic images. Radiol Clin North Am. 2004;42(1):109-19.
  • Colebatch AN, Edwards CJ, Østergaard M, van der Heijde D, Balint PV, D'Agostino MA, et al. EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging of the joints in the clinical management of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(6):804-14.
  • Salaffi F, Carotti M, Beci G, Di Carlo M, Giovagnoni A. Radiographic scoring methods in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Radiol Med. 2019;124(11):1071-86.
  • Drosos AA, Pelechas E, Voulgari PV. Conventional radiography of the hands and wrists in rheumatoid arthritis. What a rheumatologist should know and how to interpret the radiological findings. Rheumatol Int. 2019;39(8):1331-41.
  • Ulijn E, den Broeder N, Ten Cate D, van Overdijk K, Demirel H, Landewé R, et al. Limited Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Routine Radiographs in Newly Presenting Arthritis Suspected of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2024;76(4):497-502.
  • Ravindran V, Rachapalli S. An overview of commonly used radiographic scoring methods in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials. Clin Rheumatol. 2011;30(1):1-6.
  • Peterfy C, Conaghan P, Østergaard M. Radiography in rheumatoid arthritis. 2020:177-94.
  • Bombardier C, Barbieri M, Parthan A, Zack DJ, Walker V, Macarios D, et al. The relationship between joint damage and functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(6):836-44.
  • Goekoop-Ruiterman YP, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Allaart CF, van Zeben D, Kerstens PJ, Hazes JM, et al. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of four different treatment strategies in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (the BeSt study): a randomized, controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52(11):3381-90.
  • Adnan S, Aziz W, Ahmed A. Radiographic appearance in hands and feet of rheumatoid arthritis patients at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Pak Armed Forces Med J. 2015;65:735-8.
  • Priolo F, Bacarini L, Cammisa M, Cerase A, Ferrara R, Della Casa-Alberighi O. Radiographic changes in the feet of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. GRISAR (Gruppo Reumatologi Italiani Studio Artrite Reumatoide). J Rheumatol. 1997;24 11:2113-8.
  • Kellner H, Schmidt W, Rau R. [Imaging procedures in rheumatology. Differential diagnosis using various imaging procedures in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)]. Z Rheumatol. 2005;64 8:553-6.

The Comparison of Joint Erosion in Conventional Radiographs between Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients and Arthralgia Patients without Arthritis Findings

Year 2026, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 24 - 32, 31.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.47482/acmr.1608874

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation leading to joint erosions and functional impairment. Early detection of joint damage is critical for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. This study evaluates the diagnostic utility of conventional radiography in detecting joint erosions in RA patients compared to individuals with arthralgia without arthritis findings.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 42 RA patients diagnosed based on the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria and 44 age- and gender-matched individuals with arthralgia but no arthritis findings. Conventional radiographs of hand and foot joints were evaluated for erosions by a single rheumatologist in a blinded fashion. Intra-observer reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Statistical analyses were conducted using t-tests, chisquare tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: Hand radiographs showed significantly higher erosion counts in RA patients compared to the arthralgia group (p < 0.01). Erosion rates in foot joints were less prevalent and showed no significant difference between groups (p > 0.99). Intra-observer reliability for hand radiographs was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.897), underscoring the reliability of conventional radiography. However, foot radiographs exhibited reduced evaluability due to technical challenges.
Conclusion:Hand radiographs are a reliable and practical tool for early detection and monitoring of joint erosions in RA, particularly in hand joints. Foot radiographs, though less reliable, may require methodological enhancements for broader applicability. Conventional radiography remains a cost-effective diagnostic approach while advanced imaging modalities such as MRI and ultrasonography offer complementary benefits.

Ethical Statement

As the corresponding author, I hereby declare that there is no conflict of interest related to this manuscript. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

References

  • Finckh A, Gilbert B, Hodkinson B, Bae SC, Thomas R, Deane KD, et al. Global epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2022;18(10):591-602.
  • Llopis E, Kroon HM, Acosta J, Bloem JL. Conventional Radiology in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Radiol Clin North Am. 2017;55(5):917-41.
  • Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, Funovits J, Felson DT, Bingham CO, 3rd, et al. 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(9):2569-81.
  • Sharp JT. Measurement of structural abnormalities in arthritis using radiographic images. Radiol Clin North Am. 2004;42(1):109-19.
  • Colebatch AN, Edwards CJ, Østergaard M, van der Heijde D, Balint PV, D'Agostino MA, et al. EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging of the joints in the clinical management of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(6):804-14.
  • Salaffi F, Carotti M, Beci G, Di Carlo M, Giovagnoni A. Radiographic scoring methods in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Radiol Med. 2019;124(11):1071-86.
  • Drosos AA, Pelechas E, Voulgari PV. Conventional radiography of the hands and wrists in rheumatoid arthritis. What a rheumatologist should know and how to interpret the radiological findings. Rheumatol Int. 2019;39(8):1331-41.
  • Ulijn E, den Broeder N, Ten Cate D, van Overdijk K, Demirel H, Landewé R, et al. Limited Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Routine Radiographs in Newly Presenting Arthritis Suspected of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2024;76(4):497-502.
  • Ravindran V, Rachapalli S. An overview of commonly used radiographic scoring methods in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials. Clin Rheumatol. 2011;30(1):1-6.
  • Peterfy C, Conaghan P, Østergaard M. Radiography in rheumatoid arthritis. 2020:177-94.
  • Bombardier C, Barbieri M, Parthan A, Zack DJ, Walker V, Macarios D, et al. The relationship between joint damage and functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(6):836-44.
  • Goekoop-Ruiterman YP, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Allaart CF, van Zeben D, Kerstens PJ, Hazes JM, et al. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of four different treatment strategies in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (the BeSt study): a randomized, controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52(11):3381-90.
  • Adnan S, Aziz W, Ahmed A. Radiographic appearance in hands and feet of rheumatoid arthritis patients at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Pak Armed Forces Med J. 2015;65:735-8.
  • Priolo F, Bacarini L, Cammisa M, Cerase A, Ferrara R, Della Casa-Alberighi O. Radiographic changes in the feet of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. GRISAR (Gruppo Reumatologi Italiani Studio Artrite Reumatoide). J Rheumatol. 1997;24 11:2113-8.
  • Kellner H, Schmidt W, Rau R. [Imaging procedures in rheumatology. Differential diagnosis using various imaging procedures in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)]. Z Rheumatol. 2005;64 8:553-6.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects ​Internal Diseases, Rheumatology and Arthritis
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mehmet Emin Gerek 0000-0003-4792-0544

Recep Tunç 0000-0001-6939-4341

Submission Date June 10, 2025
Acceptance Date July 24, 2025
Publication Date January 31, 2026
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gerek, M. E., & Tunç, R. (2026). The Comparison of Joint Erosion in Conventional Radiographs between Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients and Arthralgia Patients without Arthritis Findings. Archives of Current Medical Research, 7(1), 24-32. https://doi.org/10.47482/acmr.1608874

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