Antioxidant Efficacy of Hypericum Perforatum L. on 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene-Applied Rat Tongue Tissues

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 33 - 37, 29.01.2021

Dilara Nur Şengün Gülşah Demirci İnci Rana Karaca

https://doi.org/10.47482/acmr.2021.12

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Background: Hypericum species have chemopreventive and antioxidant effects which have been described in the past. However, Hypericum perforatum L. extract has not been the subject of any in vivo chemoprevention studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of H. perforatum L. extract on the oxidant-antioxidant system in 7,12-dimethylbenzantracene applied tongue tissues of rats.

Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Control group: only paraffin, DMBA group: only 7,12-dimethylbenzantracene, HP+DMBA group: 7,12 dimethylbenzantracene and H. perforatum L. extract and HP group: only H. perforatum L. extract application to the oral mucosa. After a 16-week study period, animals were sacrificed and tongue samples were taken. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities, and malondialdehyde and total antioxidant
status levels were measured.

Results: HP+DMBA group revealed significant differences with regard to catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes compared to control, DMBA and HP groups (Catalase: p = 0.019, 0.019, 0.000, respectively; Superoxide dismutase: p = 0.001, 0.012, 0.009, respectively). Parallel to this data, total antioxidant status value in the same group was decreased with regard to other groups. Glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and malondialdehyde levels did not demonstrate any significant differences among groups.

Conclusions: H. perforatum L. extract did not reveal any significant evidence that indicates an antioxidant effect. Moreover, antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) were believed to be suppressed by a by-product of H. perforatum L. and 7,12-dimethylbenzantracene reaction in the HP+DMBA group.

Keywords

Antioxidants, Carcinogen, Hypericum.

References

• 1. Choudhari SK, Chaudhary M, Gadbail AR, Sharma A, Tekade S. Oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms in oral cancer and precancer: a review. Oral Oncol. 2014;50(1):10-8.
• 2. Reuter S, Gupta SC, Chaturvedi MM, Aggarwal BB. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer: how are they linked? Free Radic Biol Med. 2010;49(11):1603-16.
• 3. Scrobota I, Bolfa P, Filip AG, Catoi C, Alb C, Pop O, et al. Natural chemopreventive alternatives in oral cancer chemoprevention. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016;67(1):161-72.
• 4. Chau L, Jabara JT, Lai W, Svider PF, Warner BM, Lin HS, et al. Topical agents for oral cancer chemoprevention: A systematic review of the literature. Oral Oncol. 2017;67:153-9.
• 5. Manoharan S, Sindhu G, Vinothkumar V, Kowsalya R. Berberine prevents 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis: a biochemical approach. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2012;21(2):182-92.
• 6. Baskaran N, Manoharan S, Karthikeyan S, Prabhakar MM. Chemopreventive Potential of Coumarin in 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene Induced Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(10):5273-9.
• 7. Raghu Chandrashekhar H, Venkatesh P, Ponnusankar S, Vijayan P. Antioxidant activity of Hypericum hookerianum Wight and Arn. Nat Prod Res. 2009;23(13):1240-51.
• 8. Saddiqe Z, Naeem I, Maimoona A. A review of the antibacterial activity of Hypericum perforatum L. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;131(3):511-21.
• 9. Yousuf M, Aslam K, Wani B, Aslam N, Dar N, Nawchoo I. In vitro antibacterial activity and phytochemical studies of methanolic extract of leaves of Hypericum perforatum L. growing wild in Kashmir Himalaya. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. 2012;2(4):414- 20.
• 10. Russo E, Scicchitano F, Whalley BJ, Mazzitello C, Ciriaco M, Esposito S, et al. Hypericum perforatum: pharmacokinetic, mechanism of action, tolerability, and clinical drug-drug interactions. Phytother Res. 2014;28(5):643-55.
• 11. Valletta E, Rinaldi A, Marini M, Franzese O, Roscetti G. Distinct Hypericum perforatum L. total extracts exert different antitumour activity on erythroleukemic K562 cells. Phytother Res. 2018;32(9):1803- 11.
• 12. Zirak N, Shafiee M, Soltani G, Mirzaei M, Sahebkar A. Hypericum perforatum in the treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders: Current evidence and potential mechanisms of action. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234(6):8496-508.
• 13. Eatemadnia A, Ansari S, Abedi P, Najar S. The effect of Hypericum perforatum on postmenopausal symptoms and depression: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2019;45:109-13.
• 14. Suresh K, Manoharan S, Vijayaanand MA, Sugunadevi G. Chemopreventive and antioxidant efficacy of (6)-paradol in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Pharmacol Rep. 2010;62(6):1178-85.
• 15. Baskaran N, Manoharan S, Balakrishnan S, Pugalendhi P. Chemopreventive Potential of Ferulic Acid in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene-induced Mammary Carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010;637(1-3):22-9.
• 16. Manoharan S, Wani SA, Vasudevan K, Manimaran A, Prabhakar MM, Karthikeyan S, et al. Saffron reduction of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(2):951-7.
• 7. Durak I, Canbolat O, Kavutcu M, Ozturk HS, Yurtarslani Z. Activities of total, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase enzymes in sera and pleural fluids from patients with lung cancer. J Clin Lab Anal. 1996;10(1):17-20.
• 18. Sun Y, Oberley LW, Li Y. A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clin Chem. 1988;34(3):497-500.
• 19. Aebi H. Catalase. In: Bergmayer HU, editor. Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. New York: Academic Press Inc.; 1974. p. 673-7.
• 20. Paglia DE, Valentine WN. Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Lab Clin Med. 1967;70(1):158-69.
• 21. Dahle LK, Hill EG, Holman RT. The thiobarbituric acid reaction and the autoxidations of polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1962;98:253-61.
• 22. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951;193(1):265-75.
• 23. Martarelli D, Martarelli B, Pediconi D, Nabissi MI, Perfumi M, Pompei P. Hypericum perforatum methanolic extract inhibits growth of human prostatic carcinoma cell line orthotopically implanted in nude mice. Cancer Lett. 2004;210(1):27-33.
• 24. Krishnamoorthy D, Sankaran M. Modulatory effect of Pleurotus ostreatus on oxidant/antioxidant status in 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene induced mammary carcinoma in experimental rats--A dose-response study. J Cancer Res Ther. 2016;12(1):386-94.
• 25. Palanimuthu D, Baskaran N, Silvan S, Rajasekaran D, Manoharan S. Lupeol, a bioactive triterpene, prevents tumor formation during 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced oral carcinogenesis. Pathol Oncol Res. 2012;18(4):1029-37.
• 26. Sanchez-Reus MI, Gomez del Rio MA, Iglesias I, Elorza M, Slowing K, Benedi J. Standardized Hypericum perforatum reduces oxidative stress and increases gene expression of antioxidant enzymes on rotenone-exposed rats. Neuropharmacology. 2007;52(2):606-16.
• 27. Liu F, Ng TB. Antioxidative and free radical scavenging activities of selected medicinal herbs. Life Sci. 2000;66(8):725-35.
• 28. Maggioni D, Biffi L, Nicolini G, Garavello W. Flavonoids in oral cancer prevention and therapy. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2015;24(6):517-28.
• 29. Boran R, Ugur A. The Mutagenic, Antimutagenic and Antioxidant Properties of Hypericum lydium. Pharm Biol. 2017;55(1):402-5.
• 30. Zorzetto C, Sanchez-Mateo CC, Rabanal RM, Lupidi G, Petrelli D, Vitali LA, et al. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro biological activity of three Hypericum species from the Canary Islands (Hypericum reflexum, Hypericum canariense and Hypericum grandifolium). Fitoterapia. 2015;100:95-109.
• 31. Kolanjiappan K, Ramachandran CR, Manoharan S. Biochemical changes in tumor tissues of oral cancer patients. Clin Biochem. 2003;36(1):61-5.