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Turkish validity and reliability study of the falsified hand sanitizer identification scale

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 84 - 90, 31.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.47482/acmr.1431644

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the validity and reliability of the Fake Hand Sanitizer Identification Scale, which was developed to help consumers determine safe and effective hand disinfectants, in Turkish culture and language.
Methods: This methodological and cross-sectional study was conducted between February and April 2021 by applying an online questionnaire to a state university staff. 355 people were reached. The Turkish validity of the scale was tested with language (translation-back translation), structure (Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)) and known group validity. Reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient, item analysis based on item-total correlation, and test-retest method (Spearman correlation analysis).
Results: Majority of the participants (62.18%, n=217) were male, and the mean age of all participants was 41.14 ± 9.80 years. In DFA, x2/sd = 3.67, CFI = 0.98, GFI = 0.92, NFI = 0.97, and RMSEA = 0.08. As the frequency of daily use of sanitizer increased, the score obtained from the scale increased (p < 0.001). When all items were removed from the scale, the Cronbach's alpha value of the scale decreased. The Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was 0.934, 0.892 for factor 1, 0.891 for factor 2 and 0.818 for factor 3. The corrected item-total correlation values of all items ranged from 0.584 to 0.758. The test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.859 (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The Turkish Falsified Hand Sanitizer Identification Scale is a valid and reliable 5-point Likert scale consisting of 12 items and 3 sub-dimensions.

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval of the research was obtained from Fırat University Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee with the letter dated 07.01.2021 and numbered 1899.

References

  • Güner R, Hasanoğlu İ, Aktaş F. COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community. Turk J Med Sci. 2020;50:571-7.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Hand sanitizer use out and about. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/handsanitizer- use.html. Accessed January 4, 2024
  • Hoffmann T, Bakhit M, Krzyzaniak N, Del Mar C, Scott AM, Glasziou P. Soap versus sanitiser for preventing the transmission of acute respiratory infections in the community: a systematic review with metaanalysis and dose-response analysis. BMJ Open. 2021;11(8):e046175.
  • Pittet D. Improving adherence to hand hygiene practice: a multidisciplinary approach. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001;7:234-40.
  • Pradhan D, Biswasroy P, Kumar Naik P, Ghosh G, Rath G. A review of current interventions for COVID-19 prevention. Arch Med Sci. 2020;51(5):363-74.
  • Ng JK, Tay FH, Wray PS, Saberi SSM, Ting KKK, Khor SM, et al. Inexpensive portable infrared device to detect and quantify alcohols in hand sanitizers for public health and safety. Anal Chem. 2021;93(45):15015-23.
  • Abuga K, Nyamweya N, King’ondu O. Quality of alcohol based hand sanitizers marketed in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area. East Cent Afr J Pharm Sci. 2021;24:29-37.
  • Shokoohi M, Nasiri N, Sharifi H, Baral S, Stranges S. A syndemic of COVID-19 and methanol poisoning in Iran: time for Iran to consider alcohol use as a public health challenge? Alcohol. 2020;87:25-7.
  • Jairoun AA, Al-Hemyari SS, Shahwan M. The pandemic of COVID-19 and its implications for the purity and authenticity of alcohol-based hand sanitizers: the health risks associated with falsified sanitizers and recommendations for regulatory and public health bodies. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021;17(1):2050-1.
  • Moon CS. Estimations of the lethal and exposure doses for representative methanol symptoms in humans. Occup Environ Med. 2017;29:44.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Health. Biyosidal Ürünler Yönetmeliği. Available at https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ eskiler/2009/12/20091231M4-11. htm. Accessed January 4, 2024
  • Jairoun AA, Al-Hemyari SS, Shahwan M, El-Dahiyat F, Jamshed S. Scale validation for the identification of falsified hand sanitizer: public and regulatory authorities perspectives from United Arab Emirates. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1595.
  • Seçer İ. Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci. 2nd ed. Ankara, Türkiye: Anı Yayıncılık; 2018.
  • Kartal M, Bardakçı S. SPSS ve AMOS uygulamalı örneklerle güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizleri. 1st ed. Ankara, Türkiye: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2018.
  • Özdamar K. Eğitim, sağlık ve davranış bilimlerinde ölçek ve test geliştirme yapısal eşitlik modellemesi IBM SPSS, IBM SPSS AMOS ve MINITAB uygulamalı. 1st ed. Eskişehir, Türkiye: Nisan Kitabevi; 2017.
  • Lopez TK, Jones K, Roseberry-Lincoln A, Zidek A, Mackinnon L, Marro L. Adult and children’s use of hand sanitizer during a pandemic – an observational study. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2022;24:1-9.
  • Dutta G, Singh TG, Kumar T. Knowledge and practice of hand hygiene among undergraduate students and junior doctors in the Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9:4741-6.
  • Yang J, Park EC, Lee SA, Lee SG. Associations Between Hand Hygiene Education and Self-Reported Hand-Washing Behaviors Among Korean Adults During MERS-CoV Outbreak. Health Educ Behav. 2019;46(1):157–64.

Sahte El Dezenfektanı Tanıma Ölçeğinin Türkçe Geçerlilik Güvenilirlik Çalışması

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 84 - 90, 31.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.47482/acmr.1431644

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, tüketicilere güvenli ve etkili el dezenfektanı belirlemede yardımcı olmak için geliştirilen Sahte El Dezenfektanı Tanıma Ölçeği’nin Türk kültür ve diline geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışmanın tipi metodolojik ve kesitseldir. Araştırma bir devlet üniversitesi personeline online anket uygulanarak Şubat-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. 355 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Ölçeğin Türkçe geçerliliği; dil (çeviri-geri çeviri), yapı (Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA)) ve bilinen grup geçerliliği ile sınanmıştır. Güvenilirlik; Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı, madde toplam korelasyonuna dayalı madde analizi ve test-tekrar test yöntemi (Spearman korelasyon analizi) ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu (%62,18, n = 217) erkektir. Tüm katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 41,14 ± 9,80’dir. DFA’da, x2/sd = 3,67, CFI = 0,98, GFI = 0,92, NFI = 0,97 ve RMSEA = 0,08 bulunmuştur. Dezenfektanın günlük kullanma sıklığı arttıkça ölçekten alınan puan artmaktadır (p < 0,001). Tüm maddeler ölçekten çıkarıldığında ölçeğin Cronbach alfa değeri düşmektedir. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa değeri 0,934 olup, Faktör 1’in 0,892, faktör 2’nin 0,891 ve faktör 3’ün ise 0,818’dir. Tüm maddelerin düzeltilmiş madde toplam korelasyonu değerleri 0,584 ila 0,758 arasındadır. Test tekrar test korelasyon katsayısı 0,859 bulunmuştur (p < 0,001).
Sonuç: Türkçe Sahte El Dezenfektanı Tanıma Ölçeği 12 madde ve 3 alt boyuttan oluşan 5li likertli geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracıdır.

Ethical Statement

Araştırmanın etik onayı Fırat Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu'ndan 07.01.2021 tarih ve 1899 sayılı yazı ile alınmıştır.

References

  • Güner R, Hasanoğlu İ, Aktaş F. COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community. Turk J Med Sci. 2020;50:571-7.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Hand sanitizer use out and about. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/handsanitizer- use.html. Accessed January 4, 2024
  • Hoffmann T, Bakhit M, Krzyzaniak N, Del Mar C, Scott AM, Glasziou P. Soap versus sanitiser for preventing the transmission of acute respiratory infections in the community: a systematic review with metaanalysis and dose-response analysis. BMJ Open. 2021;11(8):e046175.
  • Pittet D. Improving adherence to hand hygiene practice: a multidisciplinary approach. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001;7:234-40.
  • Pradhan D, Biswasroy P, Kumar Naik P, Ghosh G, Rath G. A review of current interventions for COVID-19 prevention. Arch Med Sci. 2020;51(5):363-74.
  • Ng JK, Tay FH, Wray PS, Saberi SSM, Ting KKK, Khor SM, et al. Inexpensive portable infrared device to detect and quantify alcohols in hand sanitizers for public health and safety. Anal Chem. 2021;93(45):15015-23.
  • Abuga K, Nyamweya N, King’ondu O. Quality of alcohol based hand sanitizers marketed in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area. East Cent Afr J Pharm Sci. 2021;24:29-37.
  • Shokoohi M, Nasiri N, Sharifi H, Baral S, Stranges S. A syndemic of COVID-19 and methanol poisoning in Iran: time for Iran to consider alcohol use as a public health challenge? Alcohol. 2020;87:25-7.
  • Jairoun AA, Al-Hemyari SS, Shahwan M. The pandemic of COVID-19 and its implications for the purity and authenticity of alcohol-based hand sanitizers: the health risks associated with falsified sanitizers and recommendations for regulatory and public health bodies. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021;17(1):2050-1.
  • Moon CS. Estimations of the lethal and exposure doses for representative methanol symptoms in humans. Occup Environ Med. 2017;29:44.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Health. Biyosidal Ürünler Yönetmeliği. Available at https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ eskiler/2009/12/20091231M4-11. htm. Accessed January 4, 2024
  • Jairoun AA, Al-Hemyari SS, Shahwan M, El-Dahiyat F, Jamshed S. Scale validation for the identification of falsified hand sanitizer: public and regulatory authorities perspectives from United Arab Emirates. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1595.
  • Seçer İ. Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci. 2nd ed. Ankara, Türkiye: Anı Yayıncılık; 2018.
  • Kartal M, Bardakçı S. SPSS ve AMOS uygulamalı örneklerle güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizleri. 1st ed. Ankara, Türkiye: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2018.
  • Özdamar K. Eğitim, sağlık ve davranış bilimlerinde ölçek ve test geliştirme yapısal eşitlik modellemesi IBM SPSS, IBM SPSS AMOS ve MINITAB uygulamalı. 1st ed. Eskişehir, Türkiye: Nisan Kitabevi; 2017.
  • Lopez TK, Jones K, Roseberry-Lincoln A, Zidek A, Mackinnon L, Marro L. Adult and children’s use of hand sanitizer during a pandemic – an observational study. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2022;24:1-9.
  • Dutta G, Singh TG, Kumar T. Knowledge and practice of hand hygiene among undergraduate students and junior doctors in the Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9:4741-6.
  • Yang J, Park EC, Lee SA, Lee SG. Associations Between Hand Hygiene Education and Self-Reported Hand-Washing Behaviors Among Korean Adults During MERS-CoV Outbreak. Health Educ Behav. 2019;46(1):157–64.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Authors

Fatma Nur Karaçorlu 0000-0001-7907-2776

Edibe Pirinçci 0000-0002-1344-4562

Publication Date May 31, 2024
Submission Date February 4, 2024
Acceptance Date April 17, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karaçorlu, F. N., & Pirinçci, E. (2024). Turkish validity and reliability study of the falsified hand sanitizer identification scale. Archives of Current Medical Research, 5(2), 84-90. https://doi.org/10.47482/acmr.1431644

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