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Rare Variant of Melanoma: Clinical, Histopathological and Prognostic Features in 5 Cases of Animal Type Melanoma

Year 2014, Volume: 47 Issue: 3, 20 - 25, 01.12.2014
https://doi.org/10.5505/aot.2014.19484

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Animal type melanoma is a rare variant of melanoma. Our aim was to report clinical, histopathological and prognostic features in our series with 5 cases of animal type melanoma.METHODS: Five cases with aminal type melanoma were included in the study. As clinical parameters age, gender, location of the lesion, lymph node involvement (sentinel or regional), duration of follow-up, development of satellite/in-transit/distant metastasis, and clinical stage were evaluated. As histopathological parameters cell type, Breslow thickness, Clark level, mitotic index, presence of ulceration, regression (partial/complete), lymphohistiocytic infiltration (absent/brisk/nonbrisk), and lymphovascular/perineural invasion were evaluated.RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 61 ± 17 (39-79) and female/male ratio was 3/2. Three lesions (60%) were located on head and neck region and remaining 2 (40%) were located on acral region. Median lesion size was 2,5 cm (1,5-4 cm) and Breslow thickness was 7,5 mm (4-19 mm). All lesions had Clark level V. Cell types were epitheloid in 3 lesions (60%), spindle in 1 lesion (20%) and epitheloid and spindle in 1 lesion (20%). Ulceration, lymphovascular and perineural invasion was present in 3 (60%), 2 lesions (40%) and 1 lesion (20%) respectively. Lymphohistiocytic infiltration was present in 3 lesions (60%) (nonbrisk in 2 lesions, brisk in 1 lesion). Regression (partial) was observed in 1 lesion (20%). Mitotic index was ≥ 1 mm–2 in 3 lesions (60%). Regional lymph node metastasis was present in 2 (%40) cases and distant metastasis developed in 2 (%40) cases. CONCLUSION: In our series, animal type melanoma was observed between 4th-8th decades and both in females and males on head/neck or acral regions. In recent studies animal type melanoma has been reported to have a higher propensity to regional node metastasis but lower risk of distant metastasis compared to conventional melanoma. Similarly, lymph node involvement was high in our report, however distant metastasis rate was also high. In conclusion, further research is required about true biological potential of animal type melanoma.

References

  • Avilés-Izquierdo JA, Leis-Dosil VM, Lázaro-Ochaita P. Animal-type melanoma: clinical and dermoscopic features 2014;105:186-90 Actas Dermosifiliogr
  • Ludgate MW, Fullen DR, Lee J, et al. Animal-type melanoma: a clinical and histopathological study of 22 cases from a single institution. Br J Dermatol 2010;162:129-36
  • Fleury C, Berard F, Leblond A et al. The study of cutaneous melanomas in Camargue-type gray- skinned horses (2): epidemiological survey. Pigment Cell Res 2000;13:47-51
  • Zembowicz A, Carney JA, Mihm MC. Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma: a low-grade melanocytic tumor with metastatic potential indistinguishable from animal-type melanoma and epithelioid blue nevus. Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:31-40
  • Crowson AN, Magro CM, Mihm MC Jr. Malignant melanoma with prominent pigment synthesis: ‘animal type’ melanoma—a clinical and histological study of six cases with a consideration of other melanocytic neoplasms with prominent pigment synthesis. Hum Pathol 1999;30:543-50
  • Magro CM, Crowson AN, Mihm MC. Unusual variants of malignant melanoma. Mod Pathol 2006; 19:41-70
  • Urso C, Ginanneschi C, Anichini C, Paglierani, et al. Animal-type melanoma: report of five cases with sentinel node biopsy and fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis. Melanoma Res 2014;24:47-53
  • Mangas C, Paradelo C, Puig S, et al. Initial evaluation, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow- up of patients with primary cutaneous malignant melanoma. Consensus statement of the Network of Catalan and Balearic Melanoma Centers. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2010;101:129-42
  • Orlandi A, Costantini S, Campione E, et al. Relation between animal-type melanoma and reduced nuclear expression of glutathioneS-transferase pi. Arch Dermatol 2009;145:55-62
  • Scolyer RA, Thompson JF, Warnke K, McCarthy SW. Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:1114-5

Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik ve Prognostik Özellikler

Year 2014, Volume: 47 Issue: 3, 20 - 25, 01.12.2014
https://doi.org/10.5505/aot.2014.19484

Abstract

AMAÇ: Hayvan tipi melanom, melanomun nadir bir varyantıdır. Çalışmamızda 5 olguluk serimize ait klinik, histopatolojik ve prognostik özelliklerin sunulması amaçlanmıştır.YÖNTEMLER: Hayvan tipi melanoma sahip 5 olgu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Klinik parametreler olarak yaş, cinsiyet, lokalizasyon, boyut, lenf nodu (sentinel/bölgesel) tutulumu, takip süresi ve satellit/intransit/uzak metastaz gelişimi ve klinik evre değerlendirildi. Histopatolojik olarak hücre tipi, Breslow kalınlığı, Clark seviyesi, mitotik indeks, ülserasyon, regresyon (parsiyel/tam), lenfohistiyositik infiltrasyon (yok/hafif/yoğun) ve lenfovasküler/perinöral invazyon varlığı değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 61 ± 17 (39-79) ve kadın/erkek oranı 3/2 idi. Lezyonların 3'ü (%60) baş-boyun, 2'si (%40) akral yerleşimli idi. Ortanca boyut 2.5 cm (1.5-4 cm) ve Breslow kalınlığı 7.5 mm (4-19 mm) idi. Tüm lezyonların Clark seviyesi V idi. Hücre tipi, 3 lezyonda (%60) epiteloid, 1 lezyonda (%20) iğsi ve 1 lezyonda (%20) epiteloid ve iğsi karakterde idi. Üç lezyonda (%60) ülserasyon, 2 lezyonda (%40) lenfovasküler ve 1 lezyonda (%20) perinöral invazyon mevcuttu. Üç lezyonda (%60) lenfohistiyositik infiltrat (2 lezyonda hafif ve 1 lezyonda yoğun) ve 1 lezyonda (%20) regresyon (parsiyel) izlendi. Üç lezyonda (%60) mitotik indeks ≥ 1 mm–2 idi. İki olguda (%40) bölgesel lenf nodunda metastaz mevcuttu. İki olguda (%40) uzak metastaz gelişmişti. SONUÇ: Serimizde hayvan tipi melanomlar 4-8. dekadlar arasında, hem kadın hem de erkeklerde izlendi. Baş-boyun veya akral bölge yerleşimli idi. Son yayınlarda hayvan tipi melanomda lenf nodu tutulumunun yüksek ve uzak metastaz gelişiminin klasik melanoma kıyasla daha düşük olduğundan bahsedilmektedir. Bizim serimizde de lenf nodu tutulumu yüksekti, fakat bundan farklı olarak uzak metastaz oranı da yüksekti. Sonuç olarak bu nadir melanom variyantının gerçek biyolojik potansiyeli hakkında daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

References

  • Avilés-Izquierdo JA, Leis-Dosil VM, Lázaro-Ochaita P. Animal-type melanoma: clinical and dermoscopic features 2014;105:186-90 Actas Dermosifiliogr
  • Ludgate MW, Fullen DR, Lee J, et al. Animal-type melanoma: a clinical and histopathological study of 22 cases from a single institution. Br J Dermatol 2010;162:129-36
  • Fleury C, Berard F, Leblond A et al. The study of cutaneous melanomas in Camargue-type gray- skinned horses (2): epidemiological survey. Pigment Cell Res 2000;13:47-51
  • Zembowicz A, Carney JA, Mihm MC. Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma: a low-grade melanocytic tumor with metastatic potential indistinguishable from animal-type melanoma and epithelioid blue nevus. Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:31-40
  • Crowson AN, Magro CM, Mihm MC Jr. Malignant melanoma with prominent pigment synthesis: ‘animal type’ melanoma—a clinical and histological study of six cases with a consideration of other melanocytic neoplasms with prominent pigment synthesis. Hum Pathol 1999;30:543-50
  • Magro CM, Crowson AN, Mihm MC. Unusual variants of malignant melanoma. Mod Pathol 2006; 19:41-70
  • Urso C, Ginanneschi C, Anichini C, Paglierani, et al. Animal-type melanoma: report of five cases with sentinel node biopsy and fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis. Melanoma Res 2014;24:47-53
  • Mangas C, Paradelo C, Puig S, et al. Initial evaluation, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow- up of patients with primary cutaneous malignant melanoma. Consensus statement of the Network of Catalan and Balearic Melanoma Centers. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2010;101:129-42
  • Orlandi A, Costantini S, Campione E, et al. Relation between animal-type melanoma and reduced nuclear expression of glutathioneS-transferase pi. Arch Dermatol 2009;145:55-62
  • Scolyer RA, Thompson JF, Warnke K, McCarthy SW. Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:1114-5
There are 10 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nilay Duman This is me

Gül Erkin This is me

Özay Gököz This is me

Aycan Uğur Kayıkçıoğlu This is me

İsmail Çelik This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 47 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Duman, N. ., Erkin, G. ., Gököz, Ö. ., Kayıkçıoğlu, A. U. ., et al. (2014). Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik ve Prognostik Özellikler. Acta Oncologica Turcica, 47(3), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.5505/aot.2014.19484
AMA Duman N, Erkin G, Gököz Ö, Kayıkçıoğlu AU, Çelik İ. Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik ve Prognostik Özellikler. Acta Oncologica Turcica. December 2014;47(3):20-25. doi:10.5505/aot.2014.19484
Chicago Duman, Nilay, Gül Erkin, Özay Gököz, Aycan Uğur Kayıkçıoğlu, and İsmail Çelik. “Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik Ve Prognostik Özellikler”. Acta Oncologica Turcica 47, no. 3 (December 2014): 20-25. https://doi.org/10.5505/aot.2014.19484.
EndNote Duman N, Erkin G, Gököz Ö, Kayıkçıoğlu AU, Çelik İ (December 1, 2014) Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik ve Prognostik Özellikler. Acta Oncologica Turcica 47 3 20–25.
IEEE N. . Duman, G. . Erkin, Ö. . Gököz, A. U. . Kayıkçıoğlu, and İ. . Çelik, “Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik ve Prognostik Özellikler”, Acta Oncologica Turcica, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 20–25, 2014, doi: 10.5505/aot.2014.19484.
ISNAD Duman, Nilay et al. “Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik Ve Prognostik Özellikler”. Acta Oncologica Turcica 47/3 (December 2014), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.5505/aot.2014.19484.
JAMA Duman N, Erkin G, Gököz Ö, Kayıkçıoğlu AU, Çelik İ. Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik ve Prognostik Özellikler. Acta Oncologica Turcica. 2014;47:20–25.
MLA Duman, Nilay et al. “Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik Ve Prognostik Özellikler”. Acta Oncologica Turcica, vol. 47, no. 3, 2014, pp. 20-25, doi:10.5505/aot.2014.19484.
Vancouver Duman N, Erkin G, Gököz Ö, Kayıkçıoğlu AU, Çelik İ. Nadir Bir Melanom Varyantı: Hayvan Tipi Melanoma Sahip 5 Olguda Klinik, Histopatolojik ve Prognostik Özellikler. Acta Oncologica Turcica. 2014;47(3):20-5.