A Comparative Approach to Sustainable Fish Meal: Prussian carp meal (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782)
Year 2024,
, 195 - 207, 01.09.2024
Birol Baki
,
Dilara Kaya Öztürk
,
Gülşen Uzun Gören
Abstract
In the present study, the usability of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) meal (PCM) as an alternative animal protein source in fish feeds was investigated by comparing it with anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus) meals in terms of their biochemical, fatty acid, amino acid and element compositions. Prussian carp were obtained by fishing and made into a meal (PCM). Anchovy (AM), and sprat (SM) meals were purchased from a commercial company. The amino acid analysis results show that PCM's total, essential, and non-essential amino acid values were lower than that of AM and SM (P < 0.05). The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and Omega-6 values of PCM were higher than AM and SM; and lower than saturated fatty acids (SFA), Omega-3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), atherogenicity index (AI) values (P < 0.05). According to the element analysis, the P and Ca values of the PCM were higher than the AM and SM (P < 0.05), and the Na, K, Fe, Cu, Zn and Se values were lower. According to the results of the present study, PCM can be utilized in the feed industry to boost the sustainability of fish meals used in feed production, which in turn will reduce the foreign dependency on vegetable and fish meals, and lower feed costs.
Ethical Statement
Local Ethics Committee Approval was not obtained because experimental animals were not used in this study.
Supporting Institution
This work was supported by Sinop University Scientific Research Coordination Unit. Project Number: SÜF-1901- 18-45, 2018.
Project Number
Sinop University Scientific Research Coordination Unit. Project Number: SÜF-1901- 18-45, 2018.
Thanks
We thank Kardez Seafood Company (in Samsun), for providing the experimental fish meal samples.
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Sürdürülebilir Balık Ununa Karşılaştırmalı Bir Yaklaşım: İsrail Sazanı unu (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782)
Year 2024,
, 195 - 207, 01.09.2024
Birol Baki
,
Dilara Kaya Öztürk
,
Gülşen Uzun Gören
Abstract
Çalışmada İsrail sazanı (Carassius gibelio) ununun hamsi (Engraulis encrasicholus) ve çaça (Sprattus sprattus) unlarının biyokimyasal, yağ asidi, amino asit ve element kompozisyonları ile karşılaştırılarak balık yemlerinde alternatif protein kaynağı olarak kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. İsrail sazanı avcılık yoluyla elde edilip un haline getirilmiş (PCM), hamsi (AM) ve çaça (SM) unları ise ticari bir firmadan alınmıştır. Çalışma sonunda PCM'nin toplam esansiyel ve esansiyel olmayan amino asit değerleri AM ve SM'den düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir (P < 0.05). PCM’nin PUFA ve Omega-6 değerleri AM ve SM'den yüksek; SFA, Omega-3, EPA, DHA, AI, FLQ değerleri düşük bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Element analizine göre PCM'nin P ve Ca değerleri AM ve SM'den yüksek (p<0,05), Na, K, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Se değerleri ise düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda, yem üretiminde kullanılan balık unlarının sürdürülebilirliğinin arttırılması, bitkisel ve balık unlarında dışa bağımlılığın azaltılması ve yem maliyetlerinin düşürülmesi amacıyla PCM'nin yem sektöründe kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir.
Project Number
Sinop University Scientific Research Coordination Unit. Project Number: SÜF-1901- 18-45, 2018.
Thanks
We thank Kardez Seafood Company (in Samsun), for providing the experimental fish meal samples.
References
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- Cabral, E. M., Bacelar, M., Batista, S., Castro-Cunha, M., Ozorio, R. O. A., & Valente, L. M. P. (2011). Replacement of fishmeal by increasing levels of plant protein blends in diets for Senegalese Sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles. Aquaculture, 322(323), 74e81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.09.023
- Chavez-Sanchez, C., Martinez-Palacios, C. A., Martinez-Perez, G., & Ross, L. G. (2000). Phosphorus and calcium requirements in the diet of the American cichlid Cichlasoma urophthalmus (Gunther). Aquaculture Nutrition, 6(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2095.2000.00118.x
- Choi, J., Lee, K. W., Han, G. S., Byun, S. G., Lim, H. J., & Kim, H. S. (2020). Dietary inclusion effect of krill meal and various fish meal sources on growth performance, feed utilization, and plasma chemistry of grower walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus, Pallas 1811). Aquaculture Reports, 17, 100331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100331
- Çaklı, S. (2007). Su ürünleri işleme teknolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları. Yayın no:76. Bornova/İzmir
- Da, C. T., Lundh, T., Lindberg, & J. E. (2012). Evaluation of local feed resources as alternatives to fish meal in terms of growth performance, feed utilisation and biological indices of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fingerlings. Aquaculture, 364, 150-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.08.010
- Dağtekin Gözü, B. B., & Baştürk, Ö. (2014) Çıldır Gölü’nde Yaşayan Gümüşi Havuz Balığının (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782) Et Verimi ve Biyokimyasal Kompozisyonu, Yunus Araştırma Bülteni, 2, 15-22.
- Dağtekin Gözü, B. B. (2013). Gümüşi Havuz Balığı (Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782))’ndan Geleneksel Surimi Üretimi ve pH Ekstraksiyon Yöntemleriyle Üretilen Protein İzolatlarının Depolama Sürecindeki Kalite Değişimlerinin Belirlenmesi, Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi Doktora Tez Projesi (BAP-FBE SÜ (BBG) 2011-4 DR).
- Devic, E., Leschen, W., Murray, F., & Little, D. C. (2018). Growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of advanced nursing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets containing Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal. Aquaculte Nutrition, 24, 416e423. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12573
- Ertürk, M. M., & Çelik, S. (2004). Damızlık japon bıldırcını (Coturnix coturnix japonica) rasyonlarında tavuk kesimhane artıkları ununun soya küspesi yerine kullanım olanakları: 2-kuluçka ve yumurta kalite özelliklerine etkileri. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(1), 67-74. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/akdenizfderg/issue/1583/19666
- FAO. (2014). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (Rome) Online. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3720e/index.html
- Feedipedia. (2023). Animal feed resources information system. https://www.feedipedia.org/content/feeds?category=13586 Accessed Jan 2023.
- Firman, J. D. (2003) Kanatlı yemlerinde kanatlı yan ürün unu ve tüy unu kullanımının besin ve ekonomik değeri. NRA Bülteni, 29.
- Gerile, S., & Pirhonen, J. (2017). Replacement of fishmeal with corn gluten meal in feeds for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) does not affect oxygen consumption during forced swimming. Aquaculture 479, 616e618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.07.002
- Gozacan, N. M., & Becer, Z. A. (2018). The association of some physicochemical characteristics and remote sensing based spectral characteristics of the habitat of Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) in lake Egirdir. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(6), 4502-4510.
- Guo, J., Swanepoel, A., Qiu, X., Reis, J., Rhodes, M., & Davis, D. A. (2019). Use of salmon by‐product meals as a replacement for anchovy meal in practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Aquaculte Nutrition, 26(2), 490-501. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.13011
- Halačka, K., Luskova, V., & Lusk, S. (2003). Carassius" gibelio" in fish communities of the Czech Republic. Ecohydrol Hydrobiol, 3(1), 133-138.
- Hardy, R. W. (1996). Alternative protein sources for salmon and trout diets. Animal Feed Science Technology, 59, 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00888-8
- Hong, Y. J., Yu, Z. J., Zhou, L., & Gui, J. F. (2005). A population of red‐transparent, triploid Carassius auratus. Journal of fish biology, 67(4), 1139-1143. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00789.x 3
- Innal, D., & Erk’akan, F. (2006). Effects of exotic and translocated fish species in the inland waters of Turkey. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 16, 39-50.
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