Reporting of Sexual Population of Heterocypris incongruens (Ramdohr, 1808) from a Man-Made Pond (Kahramanmaraş, Turkey) and Comparison of Hemipenes of the Genus Heterocypris Claus, 1892

Abstract

The current numbers of the genus Heterocypris includes about 68 species. When 37 species have males, males of 26 species are not known and data is not available for five species. Among the species of the genus, Heterocypris incongruens has a cosmopolitan distribution but the males of the species have only been reported in Palearctic and Nearctic regions. During an extensive field sampling, total of 6 males and 59 females were collected from Haydolar pond (a man-made pond) in Pazarcık, Kahramanmaraş (Turkey) on 11 June and 08 September of 2010. During this study, we focused on the description of the hemipenis and compared it with others in the genus. Sexual ratio is about 1:10 in favor of females. Zenker’s organ has 28 whorls. The lenght of the hemipenis (Lh =0.23 mm) was about 19% (ca 1/5) of the length of the carapace (L: 1.21 mm) in our samples. Distal and proximal shields of the hemipenis show variability within the indivudals of the male H. incongruens but these shields are similar among some other species (e.g., H. punctata and H. putei). Such similarities in hemipenes may support the fact that the species of the genus may have a monophyletic group. Accordingly, our study suggest that using hemipenis as a taxonomic character should be done with great attention because the shape of hemipenis can be changed by means of several factors.

Keywords

• Heterocypris
• hemipenis
• Kahramanmaraş
• monophyletic
• Palearctic

Heterocypris incongruens (Ramdohr, 1808)’in seksüel popülasyonunun insan yapımı bir gölette (Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye) rapor edilmesi ve Heterocypris Claus, 1892 cinsinin hemipenislerinin karşılaştırılması

Öz

 Heterocypris cinsine ait 68 türün 37 tanesinin erkeği bilinirken 26 türün ise erkeği bilinmemektedir ve beş türün erkeğinin olup olmadığı hakkında ise bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Heterocypris incongruens, cinsin türleri arasında kozmopolit bir dağılıma sahiptir, ancak türün erkekleri sadece Palearktik ve Nearktik bölgelerde rapor edilmiştir. 11 Haziran ve 8 Eylül 2010 tarihlerinde Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye)’taki Haydolar göletinde yapılan kapsamlı bir arazi çalışma sırasında toplam 6 erkek ve 59 dişi birey toplanmıştır. Çalışma sırasında, hemipenis’in tanımına odaklandık ve bunu cins içerisindeki diğer hemipenisler ile karşılaştırdık. Seksüel oranı yaklaşık 1:10 değeriyle dişiler lehine olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Zenker organında 28 tane sarmal vardır. Örneklerimizdeki hemipenis’in uzunluğu (Lh = 0.23 mm), karapaks (L: 1.21 mm) uzunluğunun yaklaşık %19'u (yaklaşık 1/5) kadardır. Hemipenis’in distal ve proksimal kısımları, erkek H. incongruens bireyleri içinde değişkenlik gösterirken bu kısımlar diğer bazı türler arasında benzerlik göstermektedir (örn., H. punctata ve H. putei). Hemipenisler deki bu benzerlikler, cinsin türlerinin monofiletik bir grup olabileceği gerçeğine bir destek olabilir. Buna göre, çalışmamız hemipenisin taksonomik bir karakter olarak kullanılmasının büyük bir dikkat gerektirdiğini çünkü hemipenisin şeklinin farklı faktörlerle değişebileceğini önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Heterocypris
• hemipenis
• Kahramanmaraş
• monofiletik
• Palearktik

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