Antibacterial Activity and Characterization of Water-Soluble Chitosan Compounds Produced from Enzymatic Deacetylation

Year 2022, Volume: 18 Issue: 4, 451 - 460, 01.12.2022

Fatih Matyar , Hatice Aysun Mercimek Takcı , Fatma Yılmaz , Gulcihan Guzeldag , Halil İbrahim Çelik

https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1074431

Abstract

In this research, it was aimed to investigate the production of water-soluble chitosan from the enzymatic deacetylation of chitin by Bacillus (B. cereus (BC) and B. thuringiensis (BT)) strains. Characteristic properties involving molecular weight, degree of deacetylation, and antibacterial activity of chitosan samples were identified. The degree of deacetylation of BC and BT chitosan samples obtained at 393 and 213 ppm amounts was reported as 80.54% and 86.07% by the IR spectrum. As well as the degree of deacetylation, the molecular weights of samples showed a significant effect on antibacterial activity were 48.27 and 48.46 Da, respectively. Among the tested bacteria, the highest inhibitory effect was recorded in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermis for both chitosan samples. On the other hand, no antibacterial effect on S. aureus, Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, S. epidermidis, Klebsiella sp., and Salmonella spp. were observed. Our results indicated a simple and cost-efficient method for the production of chitosan polymers showing antibacterial activity. 

Keywords

Antibacterial activity, Bacillus sp., chitosan, deacetylation, FTIR

Enzimatik Deasetilasyon ile Üretilen Su Çözülebilir Kitosan Bileşiklerinin Antibakteriyel Aktivitesi ve Karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, Bacillus sp. (B. cereus (BC) ve B. thuringiensis (BT)) suşları ile kitinin enzimatik deasetilasyonundan suda çözülebilir kitosan üretiminin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kitosan örneklerinin moleküler ağırlıkları, deasetilasyon dereceleri ve antibakteriyel aktivitelerini içeren karakteristik özellikleri tanımlanmıştır. 393 (BC) ve 213 (BT) ppm miktarda elde edilen kitosan örneklerinin deasetilasyon derecesi IR spektrumu ile sırasıyla %80,54 ve %86,07 olarak belirlenmiştir. Deasetilasyon derecesinin yanı sıra antibakteriyel aktivitede önemli bir etki gösteren moleküler ağırlık değerleri ise 48,27 ve 48,46 Da’dır. Her iki kitosan bileşikleri için, test bakterileri arasında en yüksek inhibitör etki P. aeruginosa ve S. epidermis’e karşı kaydedilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra S. aureus, Vankomisin dirençli Enterococci, S. epidermidis, Klebsiella sp. ve Salmonella spp’ye karşı hiçbir antibakteriyel etki gözlenmemiştir. Bizim sonuçlarımız, antibakteriyel aktivite gösteren kitosan polimerlerin üretimi için basit ve düşük maliyetli bir yönteme işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

Antibakteriyel aktivite, Bacillus, kitosan, Deasetilasyon, FTIR

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