Identification and Histopathology of Staphylococcus warneri in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Year 2023, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 277 - 288, 01.09.2023

Öznur Diler , Hasan Emre Yılmaz , İfakat Tulay Çağatay , Mevlüt Nazıroğlu , Öznur Özil , Şeydanur Kan

https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1276536

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the disease that caused mortality in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms in the Aegean and Mediterranean regions in March 2022. External examination of infected trout revealed bilateral exophthalmos, hemorrhage in the lower jaw, dropsy, anemia in the liver, yellow exudate accumulation in the digestive system, hemorrhage in the adipose tissue and anus area, and spleen enlargement. A Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus warneri, was isolated from infected fish's liver and anterior kidney. S. warneri was identified using morphological features, some conventional biochemical tests, and molecular genetic methods utilizing the 16S rRNA and sodA gene regions. Histopathological examination showed infiltration in the liver tissue, hyperemia in the spleen tissue, and necrotic changes in the kidney tubular epithelium of infected fish. According to the disk diffusion method, doxycycline was determined to be the most sensitive antibiotic against the S. warneri isolate. Although S. warneri was isolated in previous studies on rainbow trout, its histopathological effects on organs were determined for the first time in this study.

Keywords

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Staphylococcus warneri, 16 S rRNA, sodA gene, Histopathology

Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Staphylococcus warneri’ nin Teşhis ve Histopatolojisi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Ege ve Akdeniz bölgesinde bulunan gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) çiftliklerinde Mart 2022 tarihinde mortaliteye neden olan hastalığın tanımlanması amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Enfekte alabalıkların dış incelemelerinde gözlerde bilateral ekzoftalmus, alt çenede kanama, dropsi, internal olarak karaciğerde anemi, sindirim sisteminde sarı eksüdat birikimi, yağ dokusunda ve anüs bölgesinde kanama, dalakta büyüme görüldü. Enfekte balıkların karaciğer ve ön böbreğinden Gram-pozitif bir bakteri olan Staphylococcus warneri izole edildi. S. warneri, morfolojik özellikleri, bazı geleneksel testler ve 16S rRNA ve sodA gen bölgeleri kullanılarak moleküler genetik yöntemler yardımıyla teşhis edildi. Histopatolojik incelemelerde enfekte balıkların karaciğer dokusunda infiltrasyon, dalak dokusunda hiperemi ve böbrek tübül epitelinde nekrotik değişiklikler saptandı. Disk difüzyon yöntemine göre S. warneri izolatının en duyarlı olduğu antibiyotiğin doxycycline olduğu belirlendi. Gökkuşağı alabalıklarında yapılan daha önceki çalışmalarda S. warneri türü izole edilmekle birlikte bu çalışma ile ilk kez S. warneri türünün organlardaki histopatolojik etkileri belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Staphylococcus warneri, 16 S rRNA, sodA geni, Histopatoloji

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